Humanitext Reader

Herodotus · Histories §7.152.1-7.152.3

Defense of Argos and Herodotus's Historical Principle

Passage 1215 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

Herodotus, addressing the rumors of Argive medizing, defends Argos by stating that people would prefer their own troubles if they saw those of others, and asserts his historiographical duty to report what is said without being obliged to believe it.

§7.152.1εἰ μέν νυν Ξέρξης τε ἀπέπεμψε ταῦτα λέγοντα κήρυκα ἐς Ἄργος καὶ Ἀργείων ἄγγελοι ἀναβάντες ἐς Σοῦσα ἐπειρώτων Ἀρτοξέρξεα περὶ φιλίης, οὐκ ἔχω ἀτρεκέως εἰπεῖν, οὐδέ τινα γνώμην περὶ αὐτῶν ἀποφαίνομαι ἄλλην γε ἢ τήν περ αὐτοὶ Ἀργεῖοι λέγουσι·
Now, whether Xerxes did indeed send a herald to Argos to say these things, and whether the Argive envoys went up to Susa and questioned Artaxerxes about their friendship, I cannot say for certain, nor do I declare any opinion about these matters other than what the Argives themselves say.
§7.152.2ἐπίσταμαι δὲ τοσοῦτο ὅτι εἰ πάντες ἄνθρωποι τὰ οἰκήια κακὰ ἐς μέσον συνενείκαιεν ἀλλάξασθαι βουλόμενοι τοῖσι πλησίοισι, ἐγκύψαντες ἂν ἐς τὰ τῶν πέλας κακὰ ἀσπασίως ἕκαστοι αὐτῶν ἀποφεροίατο ὀπίσω τὰ ἐσενεικαίατο.
But this much I know: that if all people were to bring their own troubles into a common stock with the desire of exchanging them with their neighbors, they would each, after looking closely into their neighbors' troubles, gladly carry back home those which they had brought.
§7.152.3οὕτω δὲ οὐδʼ Ἀργείοισι αἴσχιστα πεποίηται.
In this way, then, the conduct of the Argives has not been the most shameful.
ἐγὼ δὲ ὀφείλω λέγειν τὰ λεγόμενα, πείθεσθαί γε μὲν οὐ παντάπασι ὀφείλω, καί μοι τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος ἐχέτω ἐς πάντα λόγον·
I am bound to tell what is told, but I am by no means bound to believe it completely, and let this saying of mine apply to my entire history.
ἐπεὶ καὶ ταῦτα λέγεται, ὡς ἄρα Ἀργεῖοι ἦσαν οἱ ἐπικαλεσάμενοι τὸν Πέρσην ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα, ἐπειδή σφι πρὸς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους κακῶς ἡ αἰχμὴ ἑστήκεε, πᾶν δὴ βουλόμενοι σφίσι εἶναι πρὸ τῆς παρεούσης λύπης.
For this too is told, that it was actually the Argives who invited the Persian into Greece, because their war against the Lacedaemonians was going badly for them, and they preferred anything to their present distress.

Notes

  1. §7.152.1εἰ — The conjunction εἰ here does not introduce a conditional clause ("if"), but an indirect question ("whether"), serving as the object of the subsequent phrase οὐκ ἔχω ἀτρεκέως εἰπεῖν ("I cannot say for certain").
  2. §7.152.2ἐσενεικαίατο — An Ionic form of the 3rd person plural aorist optative middle (equivalent to Attic εἰσενέγκαιντο). Within the relative clause τὰ..., the optative mood is used due to assimilation to the potential optative ἀποφεροίατο ἂν in the main clause.
  3. §7.152.3πᾶν δὴ βουλόμενοι σφίσι εἶναι πρὸ τῆς παρεούσης λύπης — The preposition πρό here expresses preference or comparison ("rather than," "in preference to"). The infinitive phrase πᾶν... εἶναι ("that everything/anything be") means they preferred any outcome (even Persian domination) to their current distress.

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §7.152.1-7.152.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.152.1-7.152.3

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.