§1.1παντὸς ἀρχομένῳ σπουδαίου καὶ λόγου καὶ ἔργου ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν ὑπολαμβάνω προσήκειν πρῶτον ἄρχεσθαι.
For one who is beginning any serious word or deed, I believe it is fitting first to begin from the gods.
εὔχομαι δὴ τοῖς θεοῖς πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις, ὅ τι τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Ἀθηναίων ἄριστόν ἐστι καὶ τοῖς εὐνοοῦσι τῷ δήμῳ καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς τὸν ἔπειτα χρόνον, τοῦτʼ ἐμοὶ μὲν ἐπὶ νοῦν ἐλθεῖν γράψαι, τοῖς δʼ ἐκκλησιάσασιν Ἀθηναίων ἑλέσθαι.
Indeed, I pray to all the gods and goddesses that whatever is best for the people of Athens and for those who wish the people well, both now and for the future, this may come to my mind to write, and to the Athenians who have assembled in the assembly to choose.
εὐξάμενος δὲ ταῦτα, τῆς ἀγαθῆς ἐπινοίας ἐλπίδʼ ἔχων παρὰ τῶν θεῶν, τάδʼ ἐπιστέλλω.
Having prayed for these things, and having hope of good counsel from the gods, I send these instructions.
§1.2Δημοσθένης τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ χαίρειν.
Demosthenes to the Council and the People, greetings.
περὶ μὲν τῆς ἐμῆς οἴκαδʼ ἀφίξεως ἀεὶ νομίζω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν ἔσεσθαι βουλεύσασθαι, διόπερ νῦν οὐδὲν περὶ αὐτῆς γέγραφα·
Concerning my return home, I think there will always be opportunity for you all to deliberate, wherefore I have written nothing about it now.
τὸν δὲ παρόντα καιρὸν ὁρῶν ἑλομένων μὲν ὑμῶν τὰ δέοντα ἅμα δόξαν καὶ σωτηρίαν καὶ ἐλευθερίαν δυνάμενον κτήσασθαι οὐ μόνον ὑμῖν ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἅπασιν Ἕλλησιν, ἀγνοησάντων δʼ ἢ παρακρουσθέντων οὐ ῥᾴδιον αὖθις τὸν αὐτὸν ἀναλαβεῖν, ᾠήθην χρῆναι τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ γνώμην ὡς ἔχω περὶ τούτων εἰς μέσον θεῖναι.
But seeing that the present occasion, if you choose what is necessary, is able to acquire both glory and safety and freedom, not only for you but also for all other Greeks, whereas if you are ignorant or misled, it is not easy to recover the same opportunity again, I thought it necessary to set my own opinion as I hold it concerning these matters before the public.
§1.3ἔστι μὲν οὖν ἔργον ἐξ ἐπιστολῆς ἐμμεῖναι συμβουλῇ· πολλοῖς γὰρ εἰώθατʼ ἀπαντᾶν ὑμεῖς πρὸ τοῦ περιμεῖναι μαθεῖν.
It is indeed a difficult task to persist in advice by means of a letter; for you are accustomed to object to many things before waiting to learn.
λέγοντι μὲν οὖν ἔστιν αἰσθέσθαι τί βούλεσθε καὶ διορθώσασθαι τἀγνοούμενα ῥᾴδιον· τὸ δὲ βιβλίον οὐδεμίαν ἔχει βοήθειαν τοιαύτην πρὸς τοὺς θορυβοῦντας.
For to a speaker, it is easy to perceive what you want and to correct what is misunderstood; but a written document has no such help against those who make an uproar.
οὐ μὴν ἀλλʼ ἐὰν ἐθελήσητʼ ἀκοῦσαι σιγῇ καὶ περιμείνητε πάντα μαθεῖν, οἴομαι, ὡς σὺν θεοῖς εἰρῆσθαι, καίπερ βραχέων τῶν γεγραμμένων ὄντων, αὐτός τε φανήσεσθαι μετὰ πάσης εὐνοίας τὰ δέονθʼ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν πράττων καὶ τὰ συμφέρονθʼ ὑμῖν ἐμφανῆ δείξειν.
Nevertheless, if you are willing to listen in silence and wait to learn everything, I think—so to speak with the help of the gods—even though what is written is brief, I shall both appear to be acting in your interest with all goodwill in doing what is necessary, and I shall show clearly what is beneficial to you.
§1.4οὐχ ὡς ἀπορούντων δʼ ὑμῶν ῥητόρων, οὐδὲ τῶν ἄνευ λογισμοῦ ῥᾳδίως ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσιν ἐρούντων, ἔδοξέ μοι τὴν ἐπιστολὴν πέμπειν· ἀλλʼ ὅσα τυγχάνω διʼ ἐμπειρίαν καὶ τὸ παρηκολουθηκέναι τοῖς πράγμασιν εἰδώς, ταῦτʼ ἐβουλήθην τοῖς μὲν προαιρουμένοις λέγειν ἐμφανῆ ποιήσας ἀφθόνους ἀφορμὰς ὧν ὑπολαμβάνω συμφέρειν ὑμῖν δοῦναι, τοῖς δὲ πολλοῖς ῥᾳδίαν τὴν τῶν βελτίστων αἵρεσιν καταστῆσαι.
I did not decide to send the letter on the ground that you are in want of speakers, nor of those who will easily say whatever happens without reflection; but whatever things I happen to know through experience and having followed affairs closely, these I wished to make clear to those who choose to speak, thereby giving them abundant resources of what I suppose to be beneficial to you, and to make the choice of the best things easy for the multitude.
ὧν μὲν οὖν ἕνεκʼ ἐπῆλθέ μοι τὴν ἐπιστολὴν γράφειν, ταῦτʼ ἐστίν.
These, then, are the reasons why it occurred to me to write the letter.
§1.5δεῖ δʼ ὑμᾶς, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, πρῶτον μὲν ἁπάντων πρὸς ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ὁμόνοιαν εἰς τὸ κοινῇ συμφέρον τῇ πόλει παρασχέσθαι καὶ τὰς ἐκ τῶν προτέρων ἐκκλησιῶν ἀμφισβητήσεις ἐᾶσαι, δεύτερον δὲ πάντας ἐκ μιᾶς γνώμης τοῖς δόξασι προθύμως συναγωνίζεσθαι·
It is necessary for you, O men of Athens, first of all to display harmony among yourselves for the common interest of the city, and to let go of the disputes from previous assemblies; second, that all, with one mind, should eagerly strive together for what has been resolved.
ὡς τὸ μήθʼ ἓν μήθʼ ἁπλῶς πράττειν οὐ μόνον ἐστὶν ἀνάξιον ὑμῶν καὶ ἀγεννές, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς μεγίστους κινδύνους ἔχει.
For to act neither in unity nor with simplicity is not only unworthy of you and ignoble, but also brings the greatest dangers.
§1.6δεῖ δὲ μηδὲ ταῦτα λαθεῖν ὑμᾶς, ἃ καθʼ αὑτὰ μὲν οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτάρκη κατασχεῖν πράγματα, προστεθέντα δὲ ταῖς δυνάμεσι πολλῷ πάντʼ εὐκατεργαστότερʼ ὑμῖν ποιήσει.
And you must not overlook these things, which by themselves indeed are not sufficient to maintain control over affairs, but when added to your military forces will make everything much easier for you to achieve.
τίνʼ οὖν ἐστιν ταῦτα;
What then are these?
μήτε πόλει μηδεμιᾷ μήτε τῶν ἐν ἑκάστῃ τῶν πόλεων συνηγωνισμένων τοῖς καθεστηκόσι μηδενὶ μήτε πικραίνεσθαι μήτε μνησικακεῖν.
Neither to be bitter against any city, nor to bear a grudge against any of those in each of the cities who struggled alongside the established authorities.
§1.7ὁ γὰρ τοιοῦτος φόβος τοὺς συνειδότας αὑτοῖς, ὡς ἀναγκαίοις τοῖς καθεστηκόσι καὶ κίνδυνον ἔχουσι πρόδηλον προθύμους συναγωνιστὰς ποιεῖ· ἀφεθέντες δὲ τοῦ δέους τούτου πάντες ἠπιώτεροι γενήσονται.
For such fear makes those who are conscious of their own deeds eager struggle-allies of the established authorities, on the ground that they are necessary and bring obvious danger; but once released from this fear, they will all become milder.
τοῦτο δʼ οὐ μικρὰν ὠφέλειαν ἔχει.
And this brings no small benefit.
κατὰ μὲν δὴ πόλεις τὰ τοιαῦτʼ εὔηθες προλέγειν, μᾶλλον δʼ οὐδʼ ἐν δυνατῷ· ὡς δʼ ἂν ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς ὀφθῆτε χρώμενοι, τοιαύτην καὶ κατὰ τῶν ἄλλων προσδοκίαν παραστήσεθʼ ἑκάστοις.
Now, to make such proclamations city by city is foolish, or rather, not even possible; but in whatever way you are seen treating yourselves, you will produce a similar expectation in everyone regarding others as well.