§1ἀλλʼ ἐπειδήπερ ἀκούειν βούλει τοῦ λόγου, δείξω σοι καὶ ἀναγνώσομαι.
But since you wish to hear the speech, I will show it to you and read it aloud.
δεῖ δέ σε τὴν προαίρεσιν αὐτοῦ πρῶτον εἰδέναι.
You must first know its purpose.
βούλεται μὲν γὰρ ὁ τὸν λόγον ποιῶν ἐπαινεῖν Ἐπικράτην, ὃν ᾤετο πολλῶν καὶ καλῶν κἀγαθῶν ὄντων νέων ἐν τῇ πόλει χαριέστατον εἶναι, καὶ πλέον τῇ συνέσει προέχειν ἢ τῷ κάλλει τῶν ἡλικιωτῶν.
For the author of the speech wishes to praise Epicrates, whom he thought to be the most charming of the many noble and good young men in the city, and to excel his peers in intelligence even more than in beauty.
ὁρῶν δʼ ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν τὰ πλεῖστα τῶν ἐρωτικῶν συνταγμάτων αἰσχύνην μᾶλλον ἢ τιμὴν περιάπτοντα τούτοις περὶ ὧν ἐστι γεγραμμένα, τοῦθʼ ὅπως μὴ πείσεται πεφύλακται, καὶ ὅπερ καὶ πεπεῖσθαί φησιν τῇ γνώμῃ, τοῦτο καὶ γέγραφεν, ὡς δίκαιος ἐραστὴς οὔτʼ ἂν ποιήσειεν οὐδὲν αἰσχρὸν οὔτʼ ἀξιώσειεν.
Seeing that, so to speak, most of the erotic compositions bring shame rather than honor to those about whom they are written, he has been on his guard lest he suffer this, and what he says he is convinced of in his own mind, this he has also written, namely that a just lover would neither do nor demand anything shameful.
ὃ μὲν οὖν ὡσπερεὶ μάλιστʼ ἂν ἐρωτικὸν λάβοις τοῦ λόγου, §2περὶ τοῦτʼ ἔστιν·
Now, what you might take to be the most erotic part of the speech, is about this.
ὁ δʼ ἄλλος λόγος τὰ μὲν αὐτὸν ἐπαινεῖ τὸν νεανίσκον, τὰ δʼ αὐτῷ συμβουλεύει περὶ παιδείας τε καὶ προαιρέσεως τοῦ βίου.
The rest of the speech partly praises the youth himself, and partly advises him about education and the choice of life.
πάντα δὲ ταῦτα γέγραπται τὸν τρόπον ὅν τις ἂν εἰς βιβλίον καταθεῖτο.
All of this has been written in the manner that one would commit to a book.
τοῖς μὲν γὰρ λεκτικοῖς τῶν λόγων ἁπλῶς καὶ ὁμοίως οἷς ἂν ἐκ τοῦ παραχρῆμά τις εἴποι πρέπει γεγράφθαι, τοῖς δʼ εἰς τὸν πλείω χρόνον τεθησομένοις ποιητικῶς καὶ περιττῶς ἁρμόττει συγκεῖσθαι· τοὺς μὲν γὰρ πιθανούς, τοὺς δʼ ἐπιδεικτικοὺς εἶναι προσήκει.
For speeches intended for oral delivery should be written simply and in the same way as someone would speak on the spur of the moment, whereas those intended to remain for a longer time fittingly compose in a poetic and elaborate style; for the former ought to be persuasive, and the latter epideictic.
ἵνʼ οὖν μὴ παρὰ τὸν λόγον σοι λέγω, μηδʼ ἃ γιγνώσκω περὶ τούτων αὐτὸς διεξίω, πρόσεχʼ ὡς αὐτοῦ τοῦ λόγου ἤδη ἀκουσόμενος, ἐπειδὴ καὶ αὐτὸς ἥκει, ὃν ἠβουλήθην ἀκούειν, Ἐπικράτης.
So, lest I speak to you beside the point, and lest I myself go through what I know about these matters, pay attention, as you are now about to hear the speech itself, since Epicrates himself, whom I wished to hear it, has also arrived.
§3ὁρῶν ἐνίους τῶν ἐρωμένων καὶ κάλλους μετεσχηκότων οὐδετέρᾳ τῶν εὐτυχιῶν τούτων ὀρθῶς χρωμένους, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ μὲν τῇ τῆς ὄψεως εὐπρεπείᾳ σεμνυνομένους, τὴν δὲ πρὸς τοὺς ἐραστὰς ὁμιλίαν δυσχεραίνοντας, καὶ τοσοῦτον διημαρτηκότας τοῦ τὰ βέλτιστα κρίνειν ὥστε διὰ τοὺς λυμαινομένους τῷ πράγματι καὶ πρὸς τοὺς μετὰ σωφροσύνης πλησιάζειν ἀξιοῦντας δυσκόλως διακειμένους, ἡγησάμην τοὺς μὲν τοιούτους οὐ μόνον αὑτοῖς ἀλυσιτελῶς ἔχειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις μοχθηρὰς συνηθείας ἐνεργάζεσθαι, §4τοῖς δὲ καλῶς φρονοῦσιν οὐκ ἐπακολουθητέον εἶναι τῇ τούτων ἀπονοίᾳ, μάλιστα μὲν ἐνθυμουμένοις ὅτι τῶν πραγμάτων οὔτε καλῶν οὔτʼ αἰσχρῶν ἀποτόμως ὄντων, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοὺς χρωμένους τὸ πλεῖστον διαλλαττόντων, ἄλογον μιᾷ γνώμῃ περὶ ἀμφοτέρων χρῆσθαι, ἔπειθʼ ὅτι πάντων ἀτοπώτατόν ἐστιν ζηλοῦν μὲν τοὺς πλείστους φίλους καὶ βεβαιοτάτους ἔχοντας, ἀποδοκιμάζειν δὲ τοὺς ἐραστάς, ὃ μόνον ἴδιον ἔθνος οὐχ ἅπασιν ἀλλὰ τοῖς καλοῖς καὶ σώφροσιν οἰκειοῦσθαι πέφυκεν.
Seeing that some of those who are loved and share in beauty do not use either of these fortunes rightly, but pride themselves on the comeliness of their appearance while being displeased with the company of their lovers, and have so far missed judging what is best that, because of those who ruin the matter, they are ill-disposed even toward those who seek to approach them with self-control, I thought that such people not only act unprofitably for themselves, but also instill bad habits in others, and that those who think well should not follow the folly of these people, reflecting especially that, since things are neither absolutely beautiful nor shameful, but differ for the most part according to those who use them, it is irrational to hold a single opinion about both; and further, that it is the most absurd of all things to envy those who have the most and most steadfast friends, yet to reject lovers, which is the only distinctive class of people naturally suited to associate not with everyone, but with the beautiful and self-controlled.
§5ἔτι δὲ τοῖς μὲν μηδεμίαν πω τοιαύτην φιλίαν ἑορακόσιν καλῶς ἀποβᾶσαν, ἢ σφόδρα κατεγνωκόσιν αὑτῶν ὡς οὐκ ἂν δυνηθεῖεν σωφρόνως τοῖς ἐντυγχάνουσιν ὁμιλεῖν, ἴσως οὐκ ἄλογον ταύτην ἔχειν τὴν διάνοιαν· τοῖς δʼ ὥσπερ σὺ διακειμένοις, καὶ μήτε παντάπασιν ἀνηκόοις οὖσιν ὅσαι δὴ χρεῖαι διʼ ἔρωτος χωρὶς αἰσχύνης ηὐξήθησαν, καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἀκριβεστάτης εὐλαβείας τὸν ἄλλον χρόνον βεβιωκόσιν, οὐδʼ ὑποψίαν ἔχειν εὔλογον ὡς ἄν τι πράξειαν αἰσχρόν.
Furthermore, for those who have never yet seen any such friendship turn out well, or who have severely condemned themselves as being unable to associate with those they meet in a self-controlled manner, it is perhaps not irrational to hold this mind; but for those who are disposed as you are, being neither completely ignorant of how many benefits have grown through love without shame, and having lived the rest of their time with the most exact caution, it is not even reasonable to have a suspicion that they would do anything shameful.
§6διὸ δὴ καὶ μᾶλλον ἐπήρθην τοῦτον γράψαι τὸν λόγον, ἡγούμενος δυοῖν τοῖν καλλίστοιν οὐ διαμαρτήσεσθαι.
For this very reason, I was all the more encouraged to write this speech, thinking that I would not fail to achieve two of the most beautiful things.
τὰ μὲν γὰρ ὑπάρχοντά σοι ἀγαθὰ διελθὼν ἅμα σέ τε ζηλωτὸν καὶ ἐμαυτὸν οὐκ ἀνόητον ἐπιδείξειν ἐλπίζω, εἴ σε τοιοῦτον ὄντʼ ἀγαπῶ· συμβουλεύσας δʼ ἃ μάλιστα κατεπείγει, νομίζω τῆς μὲν εὐνοίας τῆς ἐμῆς δεῖγμα, τῆς δὲ κοινῆς φιλίας ἀφορμὴν ἀμφοτέροις εἰσοίσειν.
For by detailing the goods that belong to you, I hope to show both that you are enviable and that I myself am not foolish, if I love you who are such a person; and by advising on what is most urgent, I think I shall contribute a proof of my goodwill, and a starting point for a common friendship for both of us.
§7καίτοι μʼ οὐ λέληθεν ὅτι χαλεπὸν μέν ἐστιν καὶ τὴν σὴν φύσιν ἀξίως τῶν ὑπαρχόντων διελθεῖν, ἔτι δʼ ἐπικινδυνότερον τὸ συμβουλεύειν μέλλονθʼ αὑτὸν ὑπεύθυνον τῷ πεισθέντι καταστῆσαι.
And yet I am not unaware that it is difficult to detail your nature worthily of what you possess, and still more dangerous, when about to give advice, to make oneself accountable to the one who is persuaded.
ἀλλὰ νομίζω τοῖς μὲν δικαίως ἐγκωμίων τυγχάνουσιν περιγενέσθαι τῆς τῶν ἐπαινούντων δυνάμεως προσήκειν τῇ τῆς ἀληθείας ὑπερβολῇ, τῆς δὲ συμβουλῆς οὐ διαμαρτήσεσθαι, συνειδὼς ὅτι διὰ μὲν ἀνοήτων καὶ παντελῶς ὑπʼ ἀκρασίας διεφθαρμένων οὐδὲ τῶν καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὀρθῶς βουλευθέντων οὐδὲν ἂν καλῶς ἐξενεχθείη, διὰ δὲ τῶν σωφρόνως καὶ καθαρῶς ζῆν αἱρουμένων οὐδὲ τὰ μετρίως ἐσκεμμένα διαμαρτάνεσθαι πέφυκεν.
But I think that for those who justly receive praise, it is fitting that they surpass the power of those who praise them by the excess of the truth, and that I shall not fail in my advice, knowing well that through the foolish and those completely corrupted by lack of self-control, not even things most excessively planned in the right way could be carried out well, whereas through those who choose to live temperately and purely, not even moderately considered plans are naturally bound to fail.