Humanitext Reader

Demosthenes · Against Theocrines §32-38

Dropped Charges for Bribes and Habitual Extortion

Passage 5 of 9 · Greek

Summary

The speaker exposes how Theocrines brought an indictment against Polyeuctus for maltreatment only to withdraw it after taking a bribe, and details his extortion of money from various Athenian citizens and the Aeneans, arguing that his claim to be a protector of the laws is false.

§32καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ δικαστηρίου γενόμενα τοιαῦτα καὶ παραπλήσια τούτοις ἦν·
Now the things that happened in court were of this nature and similar to these.
ὡς δʼ ὁ χρηστὸς οὗτος ὠργισμένους ᾔσθετο τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ πεπιστευμένον αὑτὸν ὡς οὐ παντάπασιν ἀνόσιον ὄντα, προσκαλεσάμενος τὸν Πολύευκτον ἀποφέρει γραφὴν κατʼ αὐτοῦ κακώσεως πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα καὶ δίδωσι τὴν λῆξιν Μνησαρχίδῃ τῷ παρέδρῳ· λαβὼν δὲ διακοσίας δραχμὰς παρὰ τοῦ Πολυεύκτου, καὶ τὰ δεινὰ ταῦτʼ ἀποδόμενος μικροῦ λήμματος ἐφʼ οἷς τῷ πατρὶ ἐτιμήσατο δέκα ταλάντων, ἀπηλλάγη καὶ τὴν γραφὴν ἀνείλετο προδοὺς τὸν ὀρφανόν.
But when this worthy man perceived that the people were angry, and that he himself was believed to be not altogether unholy, having summoned Polyeuctus, he brought an indictment of maltreatment against him to the archon, and gave the written suit to Mnesarchides the assessor; and having received two hundred drachmas from Polyeuctus, and sold these terrible wrongs for a small gain, on account of which he had assessed the penalty against my father at ten talents, he withdrew and took back the indictment, having betrayed the orphan.
καί μοι κάλει τούτων τοὺς μάρτυρας.
And call for me the witnesses of these things.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ.
§33εἰ τοίνυν εὔπορος ἦν ὁ πατήρ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, καὶ δυνατὸς πορίσαι χιλίας δραχμάς, ὅλως ἂν ἀπηλλάγη τῆς γραφῆς τῆς τῶν παρανόμων· τοσοῦτον γὰρ αὐτὸν ᾔτει οὑτοσί.
If, therefore, my father had been wealthy, gentlemen of the jury, and able to provide a thousand drachmas, he would have been completely freed from the indictment of illegal proposals; for this man here was demanding so much from him.
καί μοι κάλει Φιλιππίδην τὸν Παιανιέα, πρὸς ὃν ἔλεγε ταῦτα Θεοκρίνης οὑτοσί, καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους οἳ συνίσασιν τούτῳ ταῦτα λέγοντι.
And call for me Philippides of Paiania, to whom this Theocrines said these things, and the others who are aware of his saying these things.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ.
§34ὅτι μὲν τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, Θεοκρίνης, εἴ τις αὐτῷ τὰς χιλίας δραχμὰς ἐδίδου, τὴν γραφὴν ἂν ἀνείλετο τὴν κατὰ τοῦ πατρός, ἡγοῦμαι πάντας ὑμᾶς πιστεύειν, καὶ εἰ μηδεὶς ἐμαρτύρησεν.
That, therefore, gentlemen of the jury, Theocrines, if anyone had offered him the thousand drachmas, would have withdrawn the indictment against my father, I believe you all trust, even if no one had testified.
ὅτι δὲ πολλὰς ἑτέρας προσκαλεσάμενος καὶ γραψάμενος καθυφεῖκεν, καὶ μικρὸν ἀργύριον λαμβάνων ἀπαλλάττεται, τοὺς δόντας ὑμῖν αὐτοὺς καλῶ, ἵνα μὴ πιστεύητε αὐτῷ λέγοντι ὡς αὐτὸς φυλάττει τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας, καὶ ὡς, ὅταν αἱ τῶν παρανόμων γραφαὶ ἀναιρεθῶσιν, ὁ δῆμος καταλύεται· ταῦτα γὰρ οἱ πάντα πωλοῦντες λέγειν εἰθισμένοι εἰσίν.
But that, having summoned and indicted many others, he compromised, and got off by taking a little money, I will call those who gave it to you themselves, so that you may not believe him when he says that he himself guards those who propose illegal measures, and that when indictments for illegal proposals are withdrawn, the democracy is destroyed; for these are the things those who sell everything are accustomed to say.
§35κάλει μοι Ἀριστόμαχον Κριτοδήμου Ἀλωπεκῆθεν.
Call for me Aristomachus, son of Critodemus, of Alopece.
οὗτος γὰρ ἔδωκεν, μᾶλλον δʼ ἐν τῇ τούτου οἰκίᾳ ἐδόθη τρίʼ ἡμίμναια τούτῳ τῷ ἀδωροδοκήτῳ ὑπὲρ τοῦ ψηφίσματος ὃ Ἀντιμέδων ἔγραψε τοῖς Τενεδίοις.
For this man gave, or rather, in his house there was given three half-minae to this incorruptible man on behalf of the decree which Antimedon proposed for the Tenedians.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ. λέγε δὴ καὶ τὰς τῶν ἄλλων ἐφεξῆς τὰς τοιαύτας μαρτυρίας, καὶ τὴν Ὑπερείδου καὶ Δημοσθένους.
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ. Read also those of the others in succession, such testimonies, and that of Hypereides and of Demosthenes.
τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ὑπερβολή, τὸ παρʼ ὧν οὐδʼ ἂν εἷς ἀξιώσαι λαβεῖν, τοῦτον παρὰ τούτων ἥδιστα λαμβάνειν πωλοῦντα τὰς γραφάς. ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑΙ.
For this is the height of excess, that from those from whom not a single person would deign to receive anything, this man most gladly receives from them, selling his indictments. ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑΙ.
§36οὗτος τοίνυν αὐτίκα φήσει διὰ τοῦτο τὴν ἔνδειξιν καθʼ αὑτοῦ γεγονέναι, ἵνα Δημοσθένει μὴ ἐπεξέλθῃ τὴν γραφὴν ἣν ἐγράψατʼ αὐτόν, μηδὲ Θουκυδίδῃ· δεινὸς γάρ ἐστι ψεύσασθαι καὶ μηδὲν ὑγιὲς εἰπεῖν.
This man, then, will immediately say that the information against him has been brought for this reason, namely, so that he might not prosecute the indictment which he laid against Demosthenes, nor that against Thucydides; for he is clever at lying and saying nothing sound.
ἡμεῖς δέ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, καὶ τοῦτʼ ἐπεσκεψάμεθα, καὶ δείξομεν ὑμῖν οὐδὲν τὴν πόλιν βλαπτομένην, οὔτε μὰ τὸν Δία ἐὰν κύριον γένηται τὸ ψήφισμα τὸ Θουκυδίδου οὔτʼ ἂν ἄκυρον.
But we, gentlemen of the jury, have examined this too, and we will show you that the city is in no way harmed, neither, by Zeus, if the decree of Thucydides becomes valid, nor if it is invalid.
καίτοι τάς γε τοιαύτας ἀπολογίας οὐ δίκαιόν ἐστι προσφέρειν τοῖς κατὰ τοὺς νόμους ὀμωμοκόσιν δικάσειν· ἀλλʼ ὅμως ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς γραφῆς αὐτίκα γνώσεσθε διότι πρόφασίς ἐστιν τῆς ἐνδείξεως ἡ γραφή.
And yet it is not just to offer such defenses to those who have sworn to judge according to the laws; but nevertheless from the indictment itself you will immediately know that the indictment is a pretext for the information.
λέγε τὰς γραφὰς ταύτας.
Read these indictments.
ΓΡΑΦΑΙ.
ΓΡΑΦΑΙ.
§37τούτων τῶν ψηφισμάτων, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἢ μενόντων κατὰ χώραν ἢ ἁλόντων (οὐδὲν γὰρ ἔμοιγε διαφέρει) τί ἡ πόλις κερδαίνει ἢ βλάπτεται;
Of these decrees, gentlemen of the jury, whether they remain in force or are convicted (for it makes no difference to me), what does the city gain or lose?
ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲν οἶμαι.
For my part, I think nothing.
τοὺς γὰρ Αἰνίους φασὶν οὐδὲ προσέχειν τῇ πόλει, τοῦτο δὲ γεγονέναι διὰ Θεοκρίνην τουτονί.
For they say that the Aeneans do not even pay attention to the city, and that this has happened because of this Theocrines here.
συκοφαντούμενοι γὰρ ἐν ἐκείνοις τοῖς χρόνοις ὑπὸ τούτου, ἐν οἷς οἱ μὲν ἐφιλίππιζον, οἱ δʼ ἠττίκιζον αὐτῶν, καὶ πυνθανόμενοι γεγράφθαι τὸ ψήφισμα παρανόμων ὃ Χαρῖνος πρότερον ἐγράψατο, τοῦτο τὸ περὶ τῆς συντάξεως, ὃ Θουκυδίδης εἶπε, καὶ πέρας τῶν πραγμάτων οὐδὲν γιγνόμενον, §38ἀλλὰ τὸν μὲν δῆμον συγχωροῦντα τὴν σύνταξιν διδόναι τοὺς Αἰνίους ὅσην Χάρητι τῷ στρατηγῷ συνεχώρησαν, τοῦτον δὲ τὸν μιαρὸν παραδεξάμενον Χαρίνῳ τῷ προδότῃ ταὐτὰ πράττειν, ὅπερ ἦν ἀναγκαῖον αὐτοῖς, τοῦτʼ ἔπραξαν· εἵλοντο γὰρ τῶν παρόντων κακῶν τὰ ἐλάχιστα.
For being harassed by him as a sycophant in those times, when some of them favored Philip and others favored Athens, and learning that the indictment for illegal proposals had been written, which Charinus had previously brought, this one concerning the contribution which Thucydides proposed, and that no end of the matter was reached, but that while the people, agreeing, allowed the Aeneans to give as much contribution as they had agreed with Chares the general, this abominable man, taking over from Charinus the traitor, was doing the same things, they did what was necessary for them: they chose the least of the present evils.
καίτοι τί χρὴ νομίζειν αὐτοὺς πάσχειν ὑπὸ τῶν ἐνθάδε γραφομένων, οἷς ἦν αἱρετώτερον φρουρὰν ὑποδέχεσθαι καὶ βαρβάρων ἀκούειν, ὑμῶν ἀποστάντας;
And yet, what must we think they suffered at the hands of the indictments brought here, for whom it was more eligible to receive a garrison and to obey barbarians, revolting from you?
ἀλλʼ οἶμαι τὴν τούτων πονηρίαν ὑμεῖς μόνοι δύνασθε φέρειν, ἄλλος δʼ οὐδεὶς τῶν Ἑλλήνων.
But I think that you alone are able to bear the wickedness of these men, and no other of the Greeks.

Notes

  1. 32πεπιστευμένον αὑτὸν ὡς οὐ παντάπασιν ἀνόσιον ὄντα — An accusative participle phrase functioning as the object complement of the verb `ᾔσθετο` (perceived). `αὑτὸν` (himself) is the subject of the passive perfect participle `πεπιστευμένον` (believed/trusted), which is further qualified by `ὡς οὐ παντάπασιν ἀνόσιον ὄντα` (as being not altogether unholy).
  2. 32ἐφʼ οἷς τῷ πατρὶ ἐτιμήσατο δέκα ταλάντων — `ἐφʼ οἷς` consists of the preposition `ἐπί` and the relative pronoun `οἷς`, referring back to `τὰ δεινὰ ταῦτʼ` (these terrible wrongs). The verb `ἐτιμήσατο` is the middle voice of `τιμάω`, meaning that the prosecutor (Theocrines) 'proposed' or 'had assessed' a penalty against the father, with the amount expressed by the genitive of price `δέκα ταλάντων` (ten talents).
  3. 36οὔτʼ ἂν ἄκυρον — An elliptical expression for `οὔτε ἐὰν ἄκυρον γένηται` (nor if it should be invalid). The particle `ἄν` is either a repetition of the `ἄν` in the preceding conditional conjunction `ἐὰν` (`εἰ` + `ἄν`) or is retained from the elided conditional clause.
  4. 37τὸν μὲν δῆμον συγχωροῦντα ... τοῦτον δὲ ... ταὐτὰ πράττειν — These are accusative-with-infinitival constructions introduced by the participle `πυνθανόμενοι` (learning/finding out) in the preceding sentence. The infinitives `διδόναι` (governed by `συγχωροῦντα`) and `πράττειν` describe what the Aeneans learned was happening in Athens.

Cite this passage

Demosthenes, Against Theocrines §32-38. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0014.tlg058.humanitext-grc2:32-38

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