§1ἄξιον ἀποδέχεσθαι, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, σφόδρα τῶν τοῖς ὅρκοις καὶ ταῖς συνθήκαις διακελευομένων ἐμμένειν, εἴπερ αὐτὸ πεπεισμένοι ποιοῦσιν· οἶμαι γὰρ οὐδὲν οὕτω τοῖς δημοκρατουμένοις πρέπειν ὡς περὶ τὸ ἴσον καὶ τὸ δίκαιον σπουδάζειν.
It is highly worthy to approve, O men of Athens, of those who strongly exhort us to abide by the oaths and treaties, if indeed they do this because they are convinced of it; for I think nothing is so fitting for those living under a democracy as to be zealous for equality and justice.
δεῖ τοίνυν τοὺς λίαν ἐπʼ αὐτὰ παρακαλοῦντας μὴ τῷ μὲν λόγῳ καταχρωμένους ἐνοχλεῖν, πάντα δὲ μᾶλλον πράττειν, ἀλλʼ ὑπομείναντας νυνὶ τὸν ἐξετασμὸν ἢ καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν πειθομένους ὑμᾶς ἔχειν περὶ αὐτῶν, ἢ παραχωρήσαντας ἐᾶν συμβουλεύειν τοὺς ἀληθέστερα περὶ τῶν δικαίων ἀποφαινομένους, §2ἵνʼ ἢ ἑκόντες ἀδικούμενοι ἀνέχησθε καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο χαρίζησθε τῷ ἀδικοῦντι, ἢ προελόμενοι περὶ πλείστου ποιήσασθαι τὸ δίκαιον ἀνεγκλήτως πρὸς ἅπαντας χρῆσθε τῷ συμφέροντι μηκέτι μέλλοντες.
Therefore, those who excessively urge us to these things ought not to trouble us by abusing speech while doing everything else instead, but either, having submitted now to the examination, hereafter to keep you persuaded about these matters, or, having stepped aside, to allow those who declare more truthful views about justice to give counsel, so that either you may willingly endure being wronged and grant this very thing as a favor to the wrongdoer, or, having chosen to value justice above all, you may use what is advantageous without hesitation, without being blamed by all.
ἐξ αὐτῶν δὲ τῶν συνθηκῶν καὶ τῶν ὅρκων σκεψαμένους τῶν περὶ τῆς κοινῆς εἰρήνης ἔξεστιν ἰδεῖν ἤδη, τίνες εἰσὶν οἱ παραβεβηκότες.
And from the treaties themselves and the oaths concerning the common peace, by examining them, it is possible to see already who are those who have violated them.
ὡς δὲ περὶ μεγάλων συντόμως διδάξω.
I will explain this briefly, as it concerns great matters.
§3εἰ δή τις ἐρωτήσειεν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐπὶ τίνι ἂν μάλιστʼ ἀγανακτήσαιτʼ εἴ τις ἀναγκάζοι, οἶμαι ἄν, εἰ ἦσαν κατὰ τὸν νυνὶ χρόνον οἱ Πεισιστρατίδαι καί τις ἐβιάζετο κατάγειν αὐτοὺς δευρί, ἁρπάσαντας ἂν ὑμᾶς τὰ ὅπλα πάντα κίνδυνον ὑπομεῖναι ἀντὶ τοῦ παραδέξασθαι, ἢ πεισθέντας γε δουλεύειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἀργυρωνήτων, καὶ τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον, ὅσῳ τὸν μὲν οἰκέτην οὐδεὶς ἂν ἑκὼν ἀποκτείνειε, τοὺς δὲ τυραννουμένους ἀκρίτους ἔστιν ὁρᾶν ἀπολλυμένους ἅμα καὶ ὑβριζομένους εἰς παῖδας καὶ γυναῖκας.
If indeed someone should ask, O men of Athens, at what you would be most indignant if someone should force you, I think that, if the Peisistratidae were alive at the present time and someone forced you to restore them here, you, having seized arms, would undergo every danger instead of receiving them, or if you were persuaded, you would serve as slaves indeed instead of those bought with money, and so much the more, because no one would willingly kill a household slave, whereas those under tyrants can be seen being destroyed without trial and at the same time outraged in the persons of their children and wives.
§4παρὰ τοὺς ὅρκους τοίνυν καὶ τὰς συνθήκας τὰς ἐν τῇ κοινῇ εἰρήνῃ γεγραμμένας Ἀλέξανδρος εἰς Μεσσήνην καταγαγὼν τοὺς Φιλιάδου παῖδας, ὄντας τυράννους, ἆρʼ ἐφρόντισε τοῦ δικαίου, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐχρήσατο τῷ αὑτοῦ ἤθει τῷ τυραννικῷ, βραχὺ φροντίσας ὑμῶν καὶ τῆς κοινῆς ὁμολογίας;
Contrary to the oaths, therefore, and the treaties written in the common peace, did Alexander, by restoring the sons of Philiades, who are tyrants, to Messene, care for justice? Did he not rather use his own tyrannical disposition, caring little for you and the common agreement?
§5οὐ δὴ δεῖ, εἰ μέν τις ὑμᾶς ταῦτα βιάζοιτο, μάλιστʼ ἀγανακτῆσαι, εἰ δʼ ἑτέρωθί που γέγονε παρὰ τοὺς πρὸς ὑμᾶς ὅρκους, μὴ φυλάξασθαι, καὶ ἡμῖν μὲν διακελεύεσθαί τινας ἐνταυθὶ ἐμμένειν τοῖς ὅρκοις, τοῖς δʼ αὐτοὺς οὕτω περιβοήτως ἀνῃρηκόσι καταλείπειν ταύτην τὴν ἐξουσίαν.
It is surely not right, if someone should force these things upon you, to be highly indignant, but if it has happened somewhere else contrary to the oaths made to you, not to be on your guard; and that some people here should exhort us to abide by the oaths, but leave this license to those who have so notoriously destroyed them.
§6ἀλλʼ οὐχ οἷόν τε ταῦθʼ οὕτως ἔχειν, ἐὰν βούλησθε τῷ δικαίῳ χρῆσθαι· καὶ γὰρ ἔτι προσγέγραπται ἐν ταῖς συνθήκαις πολέμιον εἶναι τὸν ἐκεῖνʼ ἅπερ Ἀλέξανδρος ποιοῦντα ἅπασι τοῖς τῆς εἰρήνης κοινωνοῦσι, καὶ τὴν χώραν αὐτοῦ, καὶ στρατεύεσθαι ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἅπαντας.
But it is not possible for these things to be so, if you wish to act with justice; for it is further written in the treaties that the one doing those very things which Alexander is doing is an enemy to all who share in the peace, and his land is enemy land, and all are to march against him.
οὐκοῦν ἐὰν ποιῶμεν τὰ συγκείμενα, πολεμίῳ χρησόμεθα τῷ καταγαγόντι.
Therefore, if we do what was agreed, we shall treat the one who restored them as an enemy.
§7ἀλλὰ γὰρ εἴποιεν ἂν οἱ τυραννίζοντες οὗτοι, ὅτι πρὶν τὰς συνθήκας γενέσθαι ἐτυράννουν Μεσσηνίων οἱ Φιλιάδου παῖδες· διὸ καὶ καταγαγεῖν τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον αὐτούς.
But indeed, those who support tyranny might say that before the treaties were made, the sons of Philiades were tyrants of the Messenians; wherefore Alexander also restored them.
ἀλλὰ καταγέλαστος ὁ λόγος, τοὺς μὲν ἐκ Λέσβου τυράννους, οἷον ἐξ Ἀντίσσης καὶ Ἐρέσου, ἐκβαλεῖν ὡς ἀδικήματος ὄντος τοῦ πολιτεύματος, τοὺς πρὸ τῶν ὁμολογιῶν τυραννήσαντας, ἐν δὲ Μεσσήνῃ μηδὲν οἴεσθαι διαφέρειν, τῆς αὐτῆς δυσχερείας ὑπαρχούσης.
But this argument is ridiculous: that they expelled the tyrants from Lesbos, such as from Antissa and Eresus, on the ground that this form of government was an injustice, though they had ruled before the agreements, but in the case of Messene they think it makes no difference, although the same objectionable condition exists.
§8ἔπειτα καὶ ἐπιτάττει ἡ συνθήκη εὐθὺς ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐλευθέρους εἶναι καὶ αὐτονόμους τοὺς Ἕλληνας.
Furthermore, the treaty commands right at the beginning that the Greeks be free and autonomous.
διὸ καὶ πῶς οὐχ ὑπεράτοπον, ἡγεῖσθαι μὲν τῶν συνθηκῶν τὸ αὐτονόμους εἶναι καὶ ἐλευθέρους, τὸν δʼ εἰς δουλείαν ἀγαγόντα μὴ οἴεσθαι τἀναντία ταῖς κοιναῖς ὁμολογίαις διαπεπρᾶχθαι;
Therefore, how is it not utterly absurd to consider that being autonomous and free is the chief point of the treaties, but not to think that the one who has led them into slavery has acted contrary to the common agreements?
οὐκοῦν ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστιν ἡμῖν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, εἴπερ ταῖς συνθήκαις καὶ τοῖς ὅρκοις ἐμμενοῦμεν καὶ τὰ δίκαια ποιήσομεν, ἐφʼ ἃ ὑμᾶς παρακαλοῦσι, καθάπερ ἄρτι εἶπον, λαβοῦσι τὰ ὅπλα στρατεύεσθαι ἐπὶ τοὺς παραβεβηκότας μετὰ τῶν βουλομένων.
Therefore it is necessary for us, O men of Athens, if indeed we are to abide by the treaties and the oaths and do what is just, to which they exhort you, as I just said, to take up arms and march against those who have violated them, along with whoever wishes.