§49νυνὶ δʼ ὁρᾶτε μὲν δήπου τὰ πλεῖστα τοὺς προδότας ἀπολωλεκότας, οὐδὲν δʼ ἐκ παρατάξεως οὐδὲ μάχης γιγνόμενον· ἀκούετε δὲ Φίλιππον οὐχὶ τῷ φάλαγγʼ ὁπλιτῶν ἄγειν βαδίζονθʼ ὅποι βούλεται, ἀλλὰ τῷ ψιλούς, ἱππέας, τοξότας, ξένους, τοιοῦτον ἐξηρτῆσθαι στρατόπεδον.
Now, however, you surely see that in most cases it is traitors who have caused ruin, and that nothing is decided by pitched battles or regular warfare; and you hear that Philip marches wherever he pleases, not by leading a phalanx of hoplites, but because he has attached to himself an army of light troops, cavalry, archers, and mercenaries.
§50ἐπειδὰν δʼ ἐπὶ τούτοις πρὸς νοσοῦντας ἐν αὑτοῖς προσπέσῃ καὶ μηδεὶς ὑπὲρ τῆς χώρας διʼ ἀπιστίαν ἐξίῃ, μηχανήματʼ ἐπιστήσας πολιορκεῖ.
And whenever, with these forces, he falls upon those who are suffering from internal strife, and no one goes out to defend the territory because of mutual distrust, he brings up his siege engines and begins a blockade.
καὶ σιωπῶ θέρος καὶ χειμῶνα, ὡς οὐδὲν διαφέρει, οὐδʼ ἐστὶν ἐξαίρετος ὥρα τις ἣν διαλείπει.
I say nothing of summer and winter, how they make no difference to him, and how there is no particular season that he leaves for rest.
§51ταῦτα μέντοι πάντας εἰδότας καὶ λογιζομένους οὐ δεῖ προσέσθαι τὸν πόλεμον εἰς τὴν χώραν, οὐδʼ εἰς τὴν εὐήθειαν τὴν τοῦ τότε πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους πολέμου βλέποντας ἐκτραχηλισθῆναι, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐκ πλείστου φυλάττεσθαι τοῖς πράγμασι καὶ ταῖς παρασκευαῖς, ὅπως οἴκοθεν μὴ κινήσεται σκοποῦντας, οὐχὶ συμπλακέντας διαγωνίζεσθαι.
Therefore, knowing and considering all these things, you must not let the war enter your own territory, nor, looking back to the simplicity of that former war with the Lacedaemonians, must you break your own necks; rather, you must guard against him from as far away as possible by your actions and preparations, taking care that he does not stir from his own home, instead of engaging in a hand-to-hand struggle with him.
§52πρὸς μὲν γὰρ πόλεμον πολλὰ φύσει πλεονεκτήμαθʼ ἡμῖν ὑπάρχει, ἄν περ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ποιεῖν ἐθέλωμεν ἃ δεῖ, ἡ φύσις τῆς ἐκείνου χώρας, ἧς ἄγειν καὶ φέρειν ἔστι πολλὴν καὶ κακῶς ποιεῖν, ἄλλα μυρία· εἰς δʼ ἀγῶνα ἄμεινον ἡμῶν ἐκεῖνος ἤσκηται.
For as regards war, we have many natural advantages, if only, Athenian men, we are willing to do our duty—such as the nature of his country, much of which we can plunder and ravage, and countless other things; but for a pitched battle, he is better trained than we are.
§53οὐ μόνον δὲ δεῖ ταῦτα γιγνώσκειν, οὐδὲ τοῖς ἔργοις ἐκεῖνον ἀμύνεσθαι τοῖς τοῦ πολέμου, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ λογισμῷ καὶ τῇ διανοίᾳ τοὺς παρʼ ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ λέγοντας μισῆσαι, ἐνθυμουμένους ὅτι οὐκ ἔνεστι τῶν τῆς πόλεως ἐχθρῶν κρατῆσαι, πρὶν ἂν τοὺς ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει κολάσηθʼ ὑπηρετοῦντας ἐκείνοις.
And you must not only realize this, and defend yourselves against him by actual operations of war, but you must also, in your reasoning and judgment, detest those who speak on his behalf among you, reflecting that it is impossible to master the enemies outside the city until you have punished those inside the city itself who are serving them.
§54ὃ μὰ τὸν Δία καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους θεοὺς οὐ δυνήσεσθʼ ὑμεῖς ποιῆσαι, ἀλλʼ εἰς τοῦτʼ ἀφῖχθε μωρίας ἢ παρανοίας ἢ οὐκ ἔχω τί λέγω (πολλάκις γὰρ ἔμοιγʼ ἐπελήλυθε καὶ τοῦτο φοβεῖσθαι, μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματʼ ἐλαύνῃ), ὥστε λοιδορίας, φθόνου, σκώμματος, ἧστινος ἂν τύχηθʼ ἕνεκʼ αἰτίας ἀνθρώπους μισθωτούς, ὧν οὐδʼ ἂν ἀρνηθεῖεν ἔνιοι ὡς οὐκ εἰσὶ τοιοῦτοι, λέγειν κελεύετε, καὶ γελᾶτε, ἄν τισι λοιδορηθῶσιν.
But this, by Zeus and the other gods, you will not be able to do! Instead, you have reached such a pitch of folly or madness or I know not what to call it—for the fear has often haunted me that some divine power is driving our fortunes to ruin—that for the sake of scurrilous abuse, or envy, or a jest, or any chance cause, you command hired men to speak, some of whom would not even deny that they are such, and you laugh when they heap abuse upon others.
§55καὶ οὐχί πω τοῦτο δεινόν, καίπερ ὂν δεινόν· ἀλλὰ καὶ μετὰ πλείονος ἀσφαλείας πολιτεύεσθαι δεδώκατε τούτοις ἢ τοῖς ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν λέγουσιν.
And yet even this, terrible though it is, is not the worst; for you have granted to these men the right to engage in politics with far greater safety than those who speak in your own interest.
καίτοι θεάσασθε ὅσας συμφορὰς παρασκευάζει τὸ τῶν τοιούτων ἐθέλειν ἀκροᾶσθαι.
And yet, behold how many disasters are prepared by the willingness to listen to such men.
λέξω δʼ ἔργα ἃ πάντες εἴσεσθε.
I will relate facts which you will all recognize.
§56ἦσαν ἐν Ὀλύνθῳ τῶν ἐν τοῖς πράγμασιν τινὲς μὲν Φιλίππου καὶ πάνθʼ ὑπηρετοῦντες ἐκείνῳ, τινὲς δὲ τοῦ βελτίστου καὶ ὅπως μὴ δουλεύσουσιν οἱ πολῖται πράττοντες.
There were in Olynthus some statesmen who belonged to Philip's party and served him in everything, and others who strove for the best interest of the state and to prevent their fellow-citizens from becoming slaves.
πότεροι δὴ τὴν πατρίδʼ ἐξώλεσαν;
Which of the two, then, ruined their country?
ἢ πότεροι τοὺς ἱππέας προὔδοσαν, ὧν προδοθέντων Ὄλυνθος ἀπώλετο;
Or which of them betrayed the cavalry, by whose betrayal Olynthus perished?
οἱ τὰ Φιλίππου φρονοῦντες, καὶ ὅτʼ ἦν ἡ πόλις τοὺς τὰ βέλτιστα λέγοντας συκοφαντοῦντες καὶ διαβάλλοντες οὕτως, ὥστε τόν γʼ Ἀπολλωνίδην καὶ ἐκβαλεῖν ὁ δῆμος ὁ τῶν Ὀλυνθίων ἐπείσθη.
It was those who favored Philip's cause, and who, while the city still stood, so slandered and calumniated those who spoke for the best that the Olynthian people were persuaded even to banish Apollonides.
§57οὐ τοίνυν παρὰ τούτοις μόνον τὸ ἔθος τοῦτο πάντα κάκʼ εἰργάσατο, ἄλλοθι δʼ οὐδαμοῦ· ἀλλʼ ἐν Ἐρετρίᾳ, ἐπειδὴ ἀπαλλαγέντος Πλουτάρχου καὶ τῶν ξένων ὁ δῆμος εἶχε τὴν πόλιν καὶ τὸν Πορθμόν, οἱ μὲν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς ἦγον τὰ πράγματα, οἱ δʼ ἐπὶ Φίλιππον.
Nor was it only among them that this habit wrought all kinds of evil, and nowhere else; but in Eretria, when, after Plutarch and the mercenaries were rid of, the people held the city and Porthmus, some of them tried to direct affairs toward you, and others toward Philip.
ἀκούοντες δὲ τούτων τὰ πολλά, μᾶλλον δὲ τὰ πάνθʼ οἱ ταλαίπωροι καὶ δυστυχεῖς Ἐρετριεῖς, τελευτῶντες ἐπείσθησαν τοὺς ὑπὲρ αὑτῶν λέγοντας ἐκβαλεῖν.
Listening to the latter in most things, or rather in everything, the miserable and ill-starred Eretrians were in the end persuaded to banish those who spoke in their own defense.
§58καὶ γάρ τοι πέμψας Ἱππόνικον ὁ σύμμαχος αὐτοῖς Φίλιππος καὶ ξένους χιλίους, τὰ τείχη περιεῖλε τοῦ Πορθμοῦ καὶ τρεῖς κατέστησε τυράννους, Ἵππαρχον, Αὐτομέδοντα, Κλείταρχον·
And indeed, their 'ally' Philip, having sent Hipponicus and a thousand mercenaries, demolished the walls of Porthmus and established three tyrants: Hipparchus, Automedon, and Clitarchus.
καὶ μετὰ ταῦτʼ ἐξελήλακεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας δὶς ἤδη βουλομένους σῴζεσθαι, τότε μὲν πέμψας τοὺς μετʼ Εὐρυλόχου ξένους, πάλιν δὲ τοὺς μετὰ Παρμενίωνος.
And after that, he has already twice driven out of the country those who wished to save themselves—first sending the mercenaries under Eurylochus, and again those under Parmenion.