§1ἐπὶ πολλῶν μὲν ἄν τις ἰδεῖν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, δοκεῖ μοι τὴν παρὰ τῶν θεῶν εὔνοιαν φανερὰν γιγνομένην τῇ πόλει, οὐχ ἥκιστα δʼ ἐν τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασι·
In many cases, men of Athens, it seems to me that one may see the goodwill of the gods being manifested toward our city, and not least in our present circumstances.
τὸ γὰρ τοὺς πολεμήσοντας Φιλίππῳ γεγενῆσθαι καὶ χώραν ὅμορον καὶ δύναμίν τινα κεκτημένους, καὶ τὸ μέγιστον ἁπάντων, τὴν ὑπὲρ τοῦ πολέμου γνώμην τοιαύτην ἔχοντας ὥστε τὰς πρὸς ἐκεῖνον διαλλαγὰς πρῶτον μὲν ἀπίστους, εἶτα τῆς ἑαυτῶν πατρίδος νομίζειν ἀνάστασιν, δαιμονίᾳ τινὶ καὶ θείᾳ παντάπασιν ἔοικεν εὐεργεσίᾳ.
For that those who are to wage war against Philip have arisen, possessing both a neighboring land and a certain degree of power, and, what is greatest of all, holding such an opinion concerning the war that they regard a reconciliation with him first as untrustworthy and then as the ruin of their own fatherland—this seems entirely like a kind of divine and supernatural favor.
§2δεῖ τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, τοῦτʼ ἤδη σκοπεῖν αὐτούς, ὅπως μὴ χείρους περὶ ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς εἶναι δόξομεν τῶν ὑπαρχόντων, ὡς ἔστι τῶν αἰσχρῶν, μᾶλλον δὲ τῶν αἰσχίστων, μὴ μόνον πόλεων καὶ τόπων ὧν ἦμέν ποτε κύριοι φαίνεσθαι προϊεμένους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ὑπὸ τῆς τύχης παρασκευασθέντων συμμάχων καὶ καιρῶν.
It is necessary, therefore, men of Athens, that we ourselves look to this at once, so that we do not appear to be worse toward ourselves than the existing circumstances deserve; since it is one of the shameful things, or rather of the most shameful, to be seen abandoning not only the cities and places of which we were once masters, but also the allies and opportunities provided by fortune.
§3τὸ μὲν οὖν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, τὴν Φιλίππου ῥώμην διεξιέναι καὶ διὰ τούτων τῶν λόγων προτρέπειν τὰ δέοντα ποιεῖν ὑμᾶς, οὐχὶ καλῶς ἔχειν ἡγοῦμαι.
Now, men of Athens, to go through the power of Philip and by these words to exhort you to do your duty, I do not consider to be proper.
διὰ τί;
Why?
ὅτι μοι δοκεῖ πάνθʼ ὅσʼ ἂν εἴποι τις ὑπὲρ τούτων, ἐκείνῳ μὲν ἔχειν φιλοτιμίαν, ἡμῖν δʼ οὐχὶ καλῶς πεπρᾶχθαι.
Because it seems to me that everything one might say on these matters brings honor to him, but has not been well achieved by us.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ ὅσῳ πλείονʼ ὑπὲρ τὴν ἀξίαν πεποίηκε τὴν αὑτοῦ, τοσούτῳ θαυμαστότερος παρὰ πᾶσι νομίζεται· ὑμεῖς δʼ ὅσῳ χεῖρον ἢ προσῆκε κέχρησθε τοῖς πράγμασι, τοσούτῳ πλείονʼ αἰσχύνην ὠφλήκατε.
For the more he has performed actions beyond his own worth, the more admirable he is considered by all; whereas, the worse you have treated your affairs than was fitting, the more shame you have incurred.
§4ταῦτα μὲν οὖν παραλείψω.
I shall, then, pass over these things.
καὶ γὰρ εἰ μετʼ ἀληθείας τις, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, σκοποῖτο, ἐνθένδʼ ἂν αὐτὸν ἴδοι μέγαν γεγενημένον, οὐχὶ παρʼ αὑτοῦ.
For indeed, if anyone, men of Athens, should examine them in truth, he would see that he has become great from this place, and not from himself.
ὧν οὖν ἐκεῖνος μὲν ὀφείλει τοῖς ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ πεπολιτευμένοις χάριν, ὑμῖν δὲ δίκην προσήκει λαβεῖν, τούτων οὐχὶ νῦν ὁρῶ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ λέγειν·
Of those things, therefore, for which he owes thanks to those who have conducted public affairs for him, and for which it is fitting that you should take vengeance, I do not see the opportunity to speak now.
ἃ δὲ καὶ χωρὶς τούτων ἔνι, καὶ βέλτιόν ἐστιν ἀκηκοέναι πάντας ὑμᾶς, καὶ μεγάλʼ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, κατʼ ἐκείνου φαίνοιτʼ ἂν ὀνείδη βουλομένοις ὀρθῶς δοκιμάζειν, ταῦτʼ εἰπεῖν πειράσομαι.
But what also exists apart from these, and is better for all of you to have heard, and which, men of Athens, would appear as great reproaches against him to those who wish to judge correctly, these things I shall endeavor to say.
§5τὸ μὲν οὖν ἐπίορκον κἄπιστον καλεῖν ἄνευ τοῦ τὰ πεπραγμένα δεικνύναι λοιδορίαν εἶναί τις ἂν φήσειε κενὴν δικαίως·
To call him a perjurer and untrustworthy without showing what has been done, anyone would justly say is empty abuse.
τὸ δὲ πάνθʼ ὅσα πώποτʼ ἔπραξε διεξιόντα ἐφʼ ἅπασι τούτοις ἐλέγχειν, καὶ βραχέος λόγου συμβαίνει δεῖσθαι, καὶ δυοῖν ἕνεχʼ ἡγοῦμαι συμφέρειν εἰρῆσθαι, τοῦ τʼ ἐκεῖνον, ὅπερ καὶ ἀληθὲς ὑπάρχει, φαῦλον φαίνεσθαι, καὶ τοὺς ὑπερεκπεπληγμένους ὡς ἄμαχόν τινα τὸν Φίλιππον ἰδεῖν ὅτι πάντα διεξελήλυθεν οἷς πρότερον παρακρουόμενος μέγας ηὐξήθη, καὶ πρὸς αὐτὴν ἥκει τὴν τελευτὴν τὰ πράγματʼ αὐτῷ.
But to go through everything he has ever done and to convict him on all these grounds, as it happens, requires a brief speech, and I think it is useful to have been spoken for two reasons: both that he, which is indeed true, may appear base, and that those who are exceedingly terrified of Philip as some invincible being may see that he has exhausted all those means by which he previously deceived people and grew great, and that his affairs have come to their very end.
§6ἐγὼ γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, σφόδρʼ ἂν ἡγούμην καὶ αὐτὸς φοβερὸν τὸν Φίλιππον καὶ θαυμαστόν, εἰ τὰ δίκαια πράττονθʼ ἑώρων ηὐξημένον·
For I, men of Athens, would myself have considered Philip very formidable and admirable, if I saw that he had grown great by doing what is just.
νῦν δὲ θεωρῶν καὶ σκοπῶν εὑρίσκω τὴν μὲν ἡμετέραν εὐήθειαν τὸ κατʼ ἀρχάς, ὅτʼ Ὀλυνθίους ἀπήλαυνόν τινες ἐνθένδε βουλομένους ὑμῖν διαλεχθῆναι, τῷ τὴν Ἀμφίπολιν φάσκειν παραδώσειν καὶ τὸ θρυλούμενόν ποτʼ ἀπόρρητον ἐκεῖνο κατασκευάσαι, §7τούτῳ προσαγαγόμενον, τὴν δʼ Ὀλυνθίων φιλίαν μετὰ ταῦτα τῷ Ποτείδαιαν οὖσαν ὑμετέραν ἐξελεῖν καὶ τοὺς μὲν πρότερον συμμάχους ἀδικῆσαι, παραδοῦναι δʼ ἐκείνοις, Θετταλοὺς δὲ νῦν τὰ τελευταῖα τῷ Μαγνησίαν παραδώσειν ὑποσχέσθαι καὶ τὸν Φωκικὸν πόλεμον πολεμήσειν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀναδέξασθαι.
But now, observing and examining, I find that he, at the beginning, when certain people drove away the Olynthians from here who wished to confer with you, by claiming that he would deliver up Amphipolis and by arranging that once-rumored secret agreement, won over our simplicity; and after this, he won the friendship of the Olynthians by taking Potidaea, which was yours, and injuring his former allies, delivering it to them; and finally, just recently, he won over the Thessalians by promising to deliver up Magnesia and undertaking to wage the Phocian war on their behalf.
ὅλως δʼ οὐδεὶς ἔστιν ὅντινʼ οὐ πεφενάκικʼ ἐκεῖνος τῶν αὐτῷ χρησαμένων·
In short, there is no one whom he has not cheated of those who have had dealings with him.
τὴν γὰρ ἑκάστων ἄνοιαν ἀεὶ τῶν ἀγνοούντων αὐτὸν ἐξαπατῶν καὶ προσλαμβάνων οὕτως ηὐξήθη.
For by always deceiving the ignorance of each who did not know him and taking them to his side, he grew great in this way.
§8ὥσπερ οὖν διὰ τούτων ἤρθη μέγας, ἡνίχʼ ἕκαστοι συμφέρον αὐτὸν ἑαυτοῖς ᾤοντό τι πράξειν, οὕτως ὀφείλει διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν τούτων καὶ καθαιρεθῆναι πάλιν, ἐπειδὴ πάνθʼ εἵνεχʼ ἑαυτοῦ ποιῶν ἐξελήλεγκται.
Just as, therefore, he was raised great through these means, when each thought he would do something of advantage for themselves, so he must be brought down again through these very same means, since he has been convicted of doing everything for his own sake.
καιροῦ μὲν δή, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, πρὸς τοῦτο πάρεστι Φιλίππῳ τὰ πράγματα·
Indeed, men of Athens, the affairs of Philip have reached this crisis.
ἢ παρελθών τις ἐμοί, μᾶλλον δʼ ὑμῖν δειξάτω, ἢ ὡς οὐκ ἀληθῆ ταῦτʼ ἐγὼ λέγω, ἢ ὡς οἱ τὰ πρῶτʼ ἐξηπατημένοι τὰ λοιπὰ πιστεύσουσιν, ἢ ὡς οἱ παρὰ τὴν αὑτῶν ἀξίαν δεδουλωμένοι νῦν οὐκ ἂν ἐλεύθεροι γένοιντʼ ἄσμενοι.
Or let someone come forward and show to me, or rather to you, either that what I say is not true, or that those who were deceived at first will trust him for the future, or that those who have been enslaved contrary to their own worth would not now gladly be free.