Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §5.357-5.426

The Wreck of the Raft and Sighting of Phaeacia

Passage 37 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Odysseus decides to follow Ino's advice, strips off his garments, and swims as his raft shatters. With Athena's assistance, the storm calms and he sights the land of the Phaeacians, but faces a new danger from the steep, harborless cliffs.

§5.357ἀθανάτων, ὅ τέ με σχεδίης ἀποβῆναι ἀνώγει.
"of the immortals, in that she bids me abandon the raft.
§5.358ἀλλὰ μάλʼ οὔ πω πείσομʼ, ἐπεὶ ἑκὰς ὀφθαλμοῖσιν §5.359γαῖαν ἐγὼν ἰδόμην, ὅθι μοι φάτο φύξιμον εἶναι.
But I will by no means obey yet, since with my eyes I saw the land far off, where she said my escape would be.
§5.360ἀλλὰ μάλʼ ὧδʼ ἔρξω, δοκέει δέ μοι εἶναι ἄριστον· §5.361ὄφρʼ ἂν μέν κεν δούρατʼ ἐν ἁρμονίῃσιν ἀρήρῃ, §5.362τόφρʼ αὐτοῦ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι ἄλγεα πάσχων· §5.363αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν δή μοι σχεδίην διὰ κῦμα τινάξῃ, §5.364νήξομʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐ μέν τι πάρα προνοῆσαι ἄμεινον. §5.365ἧος ὁ ταῦθʼ ὥρμαινε κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν, §5.366ὦρσε δʼ ἐπὶ μέγα κῦμα Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων, §5.367δεινόν τʼ ἀργαλέον τε, κατηρεφές, ἤλασε δʼ αὐτόν.
But rather I will do thus, and it seems to me to be best: as long as the timbers hold together in their joints, so long will I remain here and endure, suffering woes; but when the wave has shattered my raft to pieces, I will swim, since there is nothing better to devise." While he was pondering these things in his mind and heart, Poseidon, the shaker of the earth, raised a great wave against him, dreadful and grievous, overhanging, and drove it upon him.
§5.368ὡς δʼ ἄνεμος ζαὴς ἠΐων θημῶνα τινάξῃ §5.369καρφαλέων· τὰ μὲν ἄρ τε διεσκέδασʼ ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ· §5.370ὣς τῆς δούρατα μακρὰ διεσκέδασʼ.
And as a fierce wind tosses a heap of dry chaff, scattering it this way and that; so the wave scattered the long timbers of the raft.
αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς §5.371ἀμφʼ ἑνὶ δούρατι βαῖνε, κέληθʼ ὡς ἵππον ἐλαύνων, §5.372εἵματα δʼ ἐξαπέδυνε, τά οἱ πόρε δῖα Καλυψώ.
But Odysseus straddled a single timber, riding as if on a racehorse, and stripped off the garments which beautiful Calypso had given him.
§5.373αὐτίκα δὲ κρήδεμνον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τάνυσσεν, §5.374αὐτὸς δὲ πρηνὴς ἁλὶ κάππεσε, χεῖρε πετάσσας, §5.375νηχέμεναι μεμαώς.
And straightway he stretched the immortal veil beneath his breast, and himself fell headlong into the sea, spreading his hands, eager to swim.
ἴδε δὲ κρείων ἐνοσίχθων, §5.376κινήσας δὲ κάρη προτὶ ὃν μυθήσατο θυμόν· §5.377οὕτω νῦν κακὰ πολλὰ παθὼν ἀλόω κατὰ πόντον, §5.378εἰς ὅ κεν ἀνθρώποισι διοτρεφέεσσι μιγήῃς.
And the lord, the shaker of the earth, saw him, and shaking his head he spoke to his own heart: "Go on, suffer many evils and wander over the sea, until you mingle with the people nurtured by Zeus.
§5.379ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὥς σε ἔολπα ὀνόσσεσθαι κακότητος. §5.380ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἵμασεν καλλίτριχας ἵππους, §5.381ἵκετο δʼ εἰς Αἰγάς, ὅθι οἱ κλυτὰ δώματʼ ἔασιν.
Yet even so, I do not expect you will complain of your trouble." So saying, he lashed his fair-maned horses, and came to Aegae, where his glorious palace is.
§5.382αὐτὰρ Ἀθηναίη κούρη Διὸς ἄλλʼ ἐνόησεν.
But Athena, daughter of Zeus, purposed otherwise.
§5.383ἦ τοι τῶν ἄλλων ἀνέμων κατέδησε κελεύθους, §5.384παύσασθαι δʼ ἐκέλευσε καὶ εὐνηθῆναι ἅπαντας· §5.385ὦρσε δʼ ἐπὶ κραιπνὸν Βορέην, πρὸ δὲ κύματʼ ἔαξεν, §5.386ἧος ὃ Φαιήκεσσι φιληρέτμοισι μιγείη §5.387διογενὴς Ὀδυσεὺς θάνατον καὶ κῆρας ἀλύξας.
Indeed, she bound up the paths of the other winds, and commanded them all to cease and be laid to rest; and she aroused the swift North Wind, and broke the waves before him, so that Odysseus, born of Zeus, might mingle with the Phaeacians, lovers of the oar, having escaped death and the fates.
§5.388ἔνθα δύω νύκτας δύο τʼ ἤματα κύματι πηγῷ §5.389πλάζετο, πολλὰ δέ οἱ κραδίη προτιόσσετʼ ὄλεθρον.
Then for two nights and two days he was tossed upon the swelling wave, and many times his heart foreboded destruction.
§5.390ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τρίτον ἦμαρ ἐυπλόκαμος τέλεσʼ Ἠώς, §5.391καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτʼ ἄνεμος μὲν ἐπαύσατο ἠδὲ γαλήνη §5.392ἔπλετο νηνεμίη· ὁ δʼ ἄρα σχεδὸν εἴσιδε γαῖαν §5.393ὀξὺ μάλα προϊδών, μεγάλου ὑπὸ κύματος ἀρθείς.
But when fair-tressed Dawn at last brought the third day, then indeed the wind ceased and there was a breathless calm; and he, looking ahead very sharply, being lifted up by a great wave, saw the land close by.
§5.394ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ἀσπάσιος βίοτος παίδεσσι φανήῃ §5.395πατρός, ὃς ἐν νούσῳ κεῖται κρατέρʼ ἄλγεα πάσχων, §5.396δηρὸν τηκόμενος, στυγερὸς δέ οἱ ἔχραε δαίμων, §5.397ἀσπάσιον δʼ ἄρα τόν γε θεοὶ κακότητος ἔλυσαν, §5.398ὣς Ὀδυσεῖ ἀσπαστὸν ἐείσατο γαῖα καὶ ὕλη, §5.399νῆχε δʼ ἐπειγόμενος ποσὶν ἠπείρου ἐπιβῆναι.
And as when the life of a father appears welcome to his children, who lies in sickness, suffering strong pains, wasting away for a long time, and a hateful god has assailed him, but then the gods welcome him back, releasing him from his affliction; so welcome to Odysseus appeared the land and the forest, and he swam, hastening to set foot on the mainland.
§5.400ἀλλʼ ὅτε τόσσον ἀπῆν ὅσσον τε γέγωνε βοήσας, §5.401καὶ δὴ δοῦπον ἄκουσε ποτὶ σπιλάδεσσι θαλάσσης· §5.402ῥόχθει γὰρ μέγα κῦμα ποτὶ ξερὸν ἠπείροιο §5.403δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον, εἴλυτο δὲ πάνθʼ ἁλὸς ἄχνῃ· §5.404οὐ γὰρ ἔσαν λιμένες νηῶν ὄχοι, οὐδʼ ἐπιωγαί. §5.405ἀλλʼ ἀκταὶ προβλῆτες ἔσαν σπιλάδες τε πάγοι τε·
But when he was as far off as a man's voice carries when he shouts, then indeed he heard the thud of the sea against the reefs; for the great wave roared terribly as it broke against the dry land, and all was wrapped in the spray of the sea; for there were no harbors for ships to ride in, nor any shelters, but there were projecting crags and reefs and cliffs.
§5.406καὶ τότʼ Ὀδυσσῆος λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ, §5.407ὀχθήσας δʼ ἄρα εἶπε πρὸς ὃν μεγαλήτορα θυμόν· §5.408ὤ μοι, ἐπεὶ δὴ γαῖαν ἀελπέα δῶκεν ἰδέσθαι §5.409Ζεύς, καὶ δὴ τόδε λαῖτμα διατμήξας ἐπέρησα, §5.410ἔκβασις οὔ πῃ φαίνεθʼ ἁλὸς πολιοῖο θύραζε· §5.411ἔκτοσθεν μὲν γὰρ πάγοι ὀξέες, ἀμφὶ δὲ κῦμα §5.412βέβρυχεν ῥόθιον, λισσὴ δʼ ἀναδέδρομε πέτρη, §5.413ἀγχιβαθὴς δὲ θάλασσα, καὶ οὔ πως ἔστι πόδεσσι §5.414στήμεναι ἀμφοτέροισι καὶ ἐκφυγέειν κακότητα· §5.415μή πώς μʼ ἐκβαίνοντα βάλῃ λίθακι ποτὶ πέτρῃ §5.416κῦμα μέγʼ ἁρπάξαν· μελέη δέ μοι ἔσσεται ὁρμή.
And then the knees of Odysseus were loosened and his heart failed him, and deeply moved he spoke to his own great-hearted spirit: "Ah, me! since Zeus has granted me to see the land beyond my hope, and indeed I have crossed and cut through this gulf, yet no way out from the grey sea appears; for outside are sharp reefs, and around them the wave roars in foam, and the sheer rock rises up, and the sea is deep close inshore, and there is no way to stand on both feet and escape destruction; lest, as I try to land, a great wave should snatch me and dash me against the stony rock, and my effort will be in vain.
§5.417εἰ δέ κʼ ἔτι προτέρω παρανήξομαι, ἤν που ἐφεύρω §5.418ἠιόνας τε παραπλῆγας λιμένας τε θαλάσσης, §5.419δείδω μή μʼ ἐξαῦτις ἀναρπάξασα θύελλα §5.420πόντον ἐπʼ ἰχθυόεντα φέρῃ βαρέα στενάχοντα, §5.421ἠέ τί μοι καὶ κῆτος ἐπισσεύῃ μέγα δαίμων §5.422ἐξ ἁλός, οἷά τε πολλὰ τρέφει κλυτὸς Ἀμφιτρίτη· §5.423οἶδα γάρ, ὥς μοι ὀδώδυσται κλυτὸς ἐννοσίγαιος. §5.424ἧος ὁ ταῦθʼ ὥρμαινε κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν, §5.425τόφρα δέ μιν μέγα κῦμα φέρε τρηχεῖαν ἐπʼ ἀκτήν.
But if I swim along yet further, if perchance I may find beaches that take the waves slantwise, and harbors of the sea, I fear lest the tempest should snatch me up again and bear me over the fish-abundant sea, groaning heavily, or some god should even send a great monster against me from the sea, of the many that glorious Amphitrite breeds; for I know how the glorious earth-shaker is wroth with me." While he was pondering these things in his mind and heart, meanwhile a great wave bore him against the rugged shore.
§5.426ἔνθα κʼ ἀπὸ ῥινοὺς δρύφθη, σὺν δʼ ὀστέʼ ἀράχθη,
There his skin would have been stripped off and his bones shattered,

Notes

  1. 5.357ἀθανάτων — Functioning as a partitive genitive or in apposition in continuation from the previous line (356), `μή τίς μοι ὑφαίνῃσιν δόλον αὖτε` ('lest someone is weaving a snare for me again'), meaning 'someone of the immortals' (is weaving a snare by ordering me to leave the raft).
  2. 5.361ὄφρʼ ἂν μέν κεν — A Homeric double usage of the modal particles `ἄν` and `κεν` with the temporal conjunction `ὄφρα` ('as long as'). The verb `ἀρήρῃ` is in the subjunctive mood, expressing indefinite future duration ('as long as the timbers hold together').
  3. 5.371κέληθʼ ὡς ἵππον ἐλαύνων — The word `κέλης` refers to a 'riding horse' or 'racehorse'. This simile comparing Odysseus straddling a single timber to a rider on a horse is notable, as riding on horseback (rather than driving a chariot) was a sport of later times, not the typical warfare of the heroic age.
  4. 5.379ὀνόσσεσθαι κακότητος — The verb `ὀνόζομαι` ('to find fault with, treat with contempt') takes the genitive of cause `κακότητος` ('evil, trouble'). The phrase conveys Poseidon's sarcasm: 'I do not expect you will think your suffering is too small' (i.e., 'you have suffered more than enough').
  5. 5.394ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ἀσπάσιος βίοτος — A famous extended simile introduced by `ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν` ('as when'), corresponding to `ὣς` in line 398. It compares the children's joy at the unexpected recovery of a dying father to Odysseus' relief and joy upon seeing the land and forest.

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §5.357-5.426. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:5.357-5.426

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