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Homer · Odyssey §23.297-23.372

Exchange of Past Hardships and Departure for Laertes

Passage 165 of 173 · Greek

Summary

After sharing their bed, Odysseus and Penelope recount to each other the hardships they have endured. The next morning, Odysseus instructs Penelope to remain inside, and departs with Telemachus and others, fully armed, to visit his father Laertes.

§23.297αὐτὰρ Τηλέμαχος καὶ βουκόλος ἠδὲ συβώτης §23.298παῦσαν ἄρʼ ὀρχηθμοῖο πόδας, παῦσαν δὲ γυναῖκας, §23.299αὐτοὶ δʼ εὐνάζοντο κατὰ μέγαρα σκιόεντα.
And Telemachus and the neatherd and the swineherd stayed their feet from dancing, and stayed the women, and themselves lay down to sleep in the shadowy halls.
§23.300τὼ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν φιλότητος ἐταρπήτην ἐρατεινῆς, §23.301τερπέσθην μύθοισι, πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐνέποντε, §23.302ἡ μὲν ὅσʼ ἐν μεγάροισιν ἀνέσχετο δῖα γυναικῶν, §23.303ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων ἐσορῶσʼ ἀΐδηλον ὅμιλον, §23.304οἳ ἕθεν εἵνεκα πολλά, βόας καὶ ἴφια μῆλα, §23.305ἔσφαζον, πολλὸς δὲ πίθων ἠφύσσετο οἶνος· §23.306αὐτὰρ ὁ διογενὴς Ὀδυσεὺς ὅσα κήδεʼ ἔθηκεν §23.307ἀνθρώποις ὅσα τʼ αὐτὸς ὀϊζύσας ἐμόγησε, §23.308πάντʼ ἔλεγʼ· ἡ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐτέρπετʼ ἀκούουσʼ, οὐδέ οἱ ὕπνος §23.309πῖπτεν ἐπὶ βλεφάροισι πάρος καταλέξαι ἅπαντα.
But when the two had had their fill of lovely love, they took delight in tales, speaking to one another, she, the noble lady, telling how much she had endured in the halls, as she looked upon the ruinous throng of the suitors, who for her sake slaughtered many cattle and fat sheep, and much wine was drawn from the jars; and he, the Zeus-born Odysseus, told of all the griefs he had wrought upon men, and all that he himself had suffered in his sorrow, and he told all; and she took delight in listening, nor did sleep fall upon her eyelids before he had told the whole story.
§23.310ἤρξατο δʼ ὡς πρῶτον Κίκονας δάμασʼ, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα §23.311ἦλθʼ ἐς Λωτοφάγων ἀνδρῶν πίειραν ἄρουραν· §23.312ἠδʼ ὅσα Κύκλωψ ἔρξε, καὶ ὡς ἀπετίσατο ποινὴν §23.313ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων, οὓς ἤσθιεν οὐδʼ ἐλέαιρεν· §23.314ἠδʼ ὡς Αἴολον ἵκεθʼ, ὅ μιν πρόφρων ὑπέδεκτο §23.315καὶ πέμπʼ, οὐδέ πω αἶσα φίλην ἐς πατρίδʼ ἱκέσθαι §23.316ἤην, ἀλλά μιν αὖτις ἀναρπάξασα θύελλα §23.317πόντον ἐπʼ ἰχθυόεντα φέρεν βαρέα στενάχοντα· §23.318ἠδʼ ὡς Τηλέπυλον Λαιστρυγονίην ἀφίκανεν, §23.319οἳ νῆάς τʼ ὄλεσαν καὶ ἐϋκνήμιδας ἑταίρους §23.320πάντας· Ὀδυσσεὺς δʼ οἶος ὑπέκφυγε νηῒ μελαίνῃ· §23.321καὶ Κίρκης κατέλεξε δόλον πολυμηχανίην τε, §23.322ἠδʼ ὡς εἰς Ἀΐδεω δόμον ἤλυθεν εὐρώεντα, §23.323ψυχῇ χρησόμενος Θηβαίου Τειρεσίαο, §23.324νηῒ πολυκλήϊδι, καὶ εἴσιδε πάντας ἑταίρους §23.325μητέρα θʼ, ἥ μιν ἔτικτε καὶ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα· §23.326ἠδʼ ὡς Σειρήνων ἁδινάων φθόγγον ἄκουσεν, §23.327ὥς θʼ ἵκετο Πλαγκτὰς πέτρας δεινήν τε Χάρυβδιν §23.328Σκύλλην θʼ, ἣν οὔ πώ ποτʼ ἀκήριοι ἄνδρες ἄλυξαν· §23.329ἠδʼ ὡς Ἠελίοιο βόας κατέπεφνον ἑταῖροι· §23.330ἠδʼ ὡς νῆα θοὴν ἔβαλε ψολόεντι κεραυνῷ §23.331Ζεὺς ὑψιβρεμέτης, ἀπὸ δʼ ἔφθιθεν ἐσθλοὶ ἑταῖροι §23.332πάντες ὁμῶς, αὐτὸς δὲ κακὰς ὑπὸ κῆρας ἄλυξεν· §23.333ὥς θʼ ἵκετʼ Ὠγυγίην νῆσον νύμφην τε Καλυψώ, §23.334ἣ δή μιν κατέρυκε, λιλαιομένη πόσιν εἶναι, §23.335ἐν σπέσσι γλαφυροῖσι, καὶ ἔτρεφεν ἠδὲ ἔφασκε §23.336θήσειν ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀγήραον ἤματα πάντα· §23.337ἀλλὰ τοῦ οὔ ποτε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔπειθεν· §23.338ἠδʼ ὡς ἐς Φαίηκας ἀφίκετο πολλὰ μογήσας, §23.339οἳ δή μιν περὶ κῆρι θεὸν ὣς τιμήσαντο §23.340καὶ πέμψαν σὺν νηῒ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν, §23.341χαλκόν τε χρυσόν τε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες.
He began with how at the first he conquered the Cicones, and how thereafter he came to the rich land of the Lotus-eaters; and all that the Cyclops did, and how he took vengeance for his mighty comrades, whom the Cyclops had eaten and pitied not; and how he came to Aeolus, who welcomed him kindly and sent him on his way, but it was not yet his fate to reach his dear fatherland, nay, the tempest snatched him up again and bore him over the fish-teeming deep, groaning heavily; and how he came to Telepylus of the Laestryginians, who destroyed his ships and his well-greaved comrades all; and Odysseus alone escaped with his black ship; and he told of the guile and many devices of Circe, and how he went to the moldering house of Hades, to consult the soul of Teiresias of Thebes, in his many-benched ship, and saw all his comrades and his mother, who bore him and reared him when he was a child; and how he heard the voice of the Sirens thronging, and how he came to the Wandering Rocks, and to dread Charybdis, and Scylla, whom never yet had men escaped unharmed; and how his comrades slaughtered the cattle of Helios; and how Zeus, thundering on high, smote his swift ship with a smoldering bolt, and his goodly comrades perished, all together, but he himself escaped from the evil fates; and how he came to the island Ogygia and to the nymph Calypso, who held him there, desiring him to be her husband, in her hollow caves, and nurtured him, and said she would make him immortal and ageless for all time; yet she could never persuade the heart in his breast; and how he came to the Phaeacians after many labors, who honored him from their heart even as a god, and sent him with a ship to his dear fatherland, giving him bronze and gold in abundance, and clothing.
§23.342τοῦτʼ ἄρα δεύτατον εἶπεν ἔπος, ὅτε οἱ γλυκὺς ὕπνος §23.343λυσιμελὴς ἐπόρουσε, λύων μελεδήματα θυμοῦ.
This was the last word he spoke, when sweet sleep, that loosens the limbs, leapt upon him, releasing the cares of his heart.
§23.344ἡ δʼ αὖτʼ ἄλλʼ ἐνόησε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·
Then the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, took other counsel.
§23.345ὁππότε δή ῥʼ Ὀδυσῆα ἐέλπετο ὃν κατὰ θυμὸν §23.346εὐνῆς ἧς ἀλόχου ταρπήμεναι ἠδὲ καὶ ὕπνου, §23.347αὐτίκʼ ἀπʼ Ὠκεανοῦ χρυσόθρονον ἠριγένειαν §23.348ὦρσεν, ἵνʼ ἀνθρώποισι φόως φέροι· ὦρτο δʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς §23.349εὐνῆς ἐκ μαλακῆς, ἀλόχῳ δʼ ἐπὶ μῦθον ἔτελλεν· §23.350ὦ γύναι, ἤδη μὲν πολέων κεκορήμεθʼ ἀέθλων §23.351ἀμφοτέρω, σὺ μὲν ἐνθάδʼ ἐμὸν πολυκηδέα νόστον §23.352κλαίουσʼ. αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ Ζεὺς ἄλγεσι καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι §23.353ἱέμενον πεδάασκον ἐμῆς ἀπὸ πατρίδος αἴης·
When she deemed in her heart that Odysseus had had his fill of his wife's bed and of sleep, straightway from Oceanus she roused the golden-throned, early-born Dawn, that she might bring light to men; and Odysseus arose from his soft bed, and laid a charge upon his wife, saying: "O lady, already have we both had our fill of many trials, thou here weeping over my grievous return, while Zeus and the other gods bound me fast in fetters of pain, eager as I was to return, far from my native land.
§23.354νῦν δʼ ἐπεὶ ἀμφοτέρω πολυήρατον ἱκόμεθʼ εὐνήν, §23.355κτήματα μὲν τά μοι ἔστι, κομιζέμεν ἐν μεγάροισι, §23.356μῆλα δʼ ἅ μοι μνηστῆρες ὑπερφίαλοι κατέκειραν, §23.357πολλὰ μὲν αὐτὸς ἐγὼ ληΐσσομαι, ἄλλα δʼ Ἀχαιοὶ §23.358δώσουσʼ, εἰς ὅ κε πάντας ἐνιπλήσωσιν ἐπαύλους.
But now that we have both come to our long-desired bed, do thou care for the property that is mine in the halls, and as for the sheep which the insolent suitors have slaughtered, many will I myself take as booty, and others the Achaeans shall give, until they fill all my folds.
§23.359ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι μὲν ἐγὼ πολυδένδρεον ἀγρὸν ἔπειμι, §23.360ὀψόμενος πατέρʼ ἐσθλόν, ὅ μοι πυκινῶς ἀκάχηται·
But lo, I am going to my well-wooded farm to see my noble father, who is sorely grieved for my sake.
§23.361σοὶ δέ, γύναι, τάδʼ ἐπιτέλλω, πινυτῇ περ ἐούσῃ· §23.362αὐτίκα γὰρ φάτις εἶσιν ἅμʼ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι §23.363ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων, οὓς ἔκτανον ἐν μεγάροισιν·
And on thee, lady, I lay this charge, wise though thou art: for straightway with the rising sun a rumor will go abroad concerning the suitors whom I slew in the halls.
§23.364εἰς ὑπερῷʼ ἀναβᾶσα σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξὶν §23.365ἧσθαι, μηδέ τινα προτιόσσεο μηδʼ ἐρέεινε. §23.366ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἐδύσετο τεύχεα καλά, §23.367ὦρσε δὲ Τηλέμαχον καὶ βουκόλον ἠδὲ συβώτην, §23.368πάντας δʼ ἔντεʼ ἄνωγεν ἀρήϊα χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι.
Go up to thy upper chamber with thy handmaids, and sit there, and look upon no man, nor ask any question." He spoke, and put his beautiful armor about his shoulders, and roused Telemachus and the neatherd and the swineherd, and bade them all take their weapons of war in their hands.
§23.369οἱ δέ οἱ οὐκ ἀπίθησαν, ἐθωρήσσοντο δὲ χαλκῷ, §23.370ὤϊξαν δὲ θύρας, ἐκ δʼ ἤϊον· ἦρχε δʼ Ὀδυσσεύς.
And they did not disobey him, but clad themselves in bronze, and opened the doors and went out; and Odysseus led the way.
§23.371ἤδη μὲν φάος ἦεν ἐπὶ χθόνα, τοὺς δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθήνη §23.372νυκτὶ κατακρύψασα θοῶς ἐξῆγε πόληος.
And now there was light upon the earth, but Athena, hiding them in night, led them swiftly out of the city.

Notes

  1. §23.300τὼ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν φιλότητος ἐταρπήτην — The dual pronoun τὼ and the third-person dual aorist verb ἐταρπήτην refer to the couple, Odysseus and Penelope. The verb τέρπομαι (to enjoy) governs the genitive φιλότητος, meaning 'to have one's fill of love.'
  2. §23.308πάρος καταλέξαι ἅπαντα — The conjunctive adverb πάρος here functions like πρίν (before), introducing the infinitive καταλέξαι without an accusative subject. Combined with the negative expression in the main clause (οὐδέ... πῖπτεν), it means 'sleep did not fall upon her until he had told the whole story.'
  3. §23.310ἤρξατο δʼ ὡς πρῶτον Κίκονας δάμασʼ — The sequence of clauses introduced by ὡς (and ἠδʼ ὡς) from line 310 down to line 341 (ending with δόντες) are indirect question clauses dependent on the main verb ἔλεγε (he told) in line 308. This long hyperbaton structure unpacks the entire scope of Odysseus's adventures.
  4. §23.356μῆλα δʼ ἅ μοι μνηστῆρες — The noun μῆλα at the beginning of the sentence is modified by the relative clause ἅ μοι μνηστῆρες... but the actual object of the main verb ληΐσσομαι is πολλὰ in line 357. This is a proleptic or pendens-like topicalization where the topic μῆλα is introduced first and then partially picked up by the accusative πολλά.

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §23.297-23.372. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:23.297-23.372

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