Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §21.291-21.362

Antinous' Warning and Telemachus Defending the Stranger

Passage 152 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Antinous mocks the stranger (Odysseus) and warns him by recounting the myth of the Centaur's drunken madness. Penelope and Telemachus defend the stranger's right to try the bow, and Telemachus subsequently asserts his authority by sending his mother back to her quarters.

§21.291μύθων ἡμετέρων καὶ ῥήσιος;
but listen to our words and speech?
οὐδέ τις ἄλλος §21.292ἡμετέρων μύθων ξεῖνος καὶ πτωχὸς ἀκούει.
No other stranger or beggar listens to our words.
§21.293οἶνός σε τρώει μελιηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους §21.294βλάπτει, ὃς ἄν μιν χανδὸν ἕλῃ μηδʼ αἴσιμα πίνῃ.
Honey-sweet wine harms you, which also injures others, whoever takes it greedily and does not drink in moderation.
§21.295οἶνος καὶ Κένταυρον, ἀγακλυτὸν Εὐρυτίωνα, §21.296ἄασʼ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ μεγαθύμου Πειριθόοιο, §21.297ἐς Λαπίθας ἐλθόνθʼ·
Wine also drove mad the Centaur, famous Eurytion, in the hall of great-hearted Peirithous, when he went to the Lapithae.
ὁ δʼ ἐπεὶ φρένας ἄασεν οἴνῳ, §21.298μαινόμενος κάκʼ ἔρεξε δόμον κάτα Πειριθόοιο·
And when his mind was darkened with wine, in his madness he did evil deeds throughout the house of Peirithous.
§21.299ἥρωας δʼ ἄχος εἷλε, διὲκ προθύρου δὲ θύραζε §21.300ἕλκον ἀναΐξαντες, ἀπʼ οὔατα νηλέϊ χαλκῷ §21.301ῥῖνάς τʼ ἀμήσαντες·
Grief seized the heroes, and springing up they dragged him out through the porch, having cut off his ears and nose with the pitiless bronze.
ὁ δὲ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀασθεὶς §21.302ἤϊεν ἣν ἄτην ὀχέων ἀεσίφρονι θυμῷ.
And he, with darkened mind, went his way, bearing his own doom in his foolish heart.
§21.303ἐξ οὗ Κενταύροισι καὶ ἀνδράσι νεῖκος ἐτύχθη, §21.304οἷ δʼ αὐτῷ πρώτῳ κακὸν εὕρετο οἰνοβαρείων.
From this arose the feud between Centaurs and men, and he was the first to find evil for himself through being heavy with wine.
§21.305ὣς καὶ σοὶ μέγα πῆμα πιφαύσκομαι, αἴ κε τὸ τόξον §21.306ἐντανύσῃς· οὐ γάρ τευ ἐπητύος ἀντιβολήσεις §21.307ἡμετέρῳ ἐνὶ δήμῳ, ἄφαρ δέ σε νηῒ μελαίνῃ §21.308εἰς Ἔχετον βασιλῆα, βροτῶν δηλήμονα πάντων, §21.309πέμψομεν· ἔνθεν δʼ οὔ τι σαώσεαι·
So also to you I foretell great disaster, if you string the bow; for you will meet with no kindness in our land, but we will send you at once in a black ship to King Echetus, the destroyer of all mortals; and from him you will in no way be saved.
ἀλλὰ ἕκηλος §21.310πῖνέ τε, μηδʼ ἐρίδαινε μετʼ ἀνδράσι κουροτέροισιν.
So drink in peace, and do not strive with younger men.
§21.311τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· §21.312Ἀντίνοʼ, οὐ μὲν καλὸν ἀτέμβειν οὐδὲ δίκαιον §21.313ξείνους Τηλεμάχου, ὅς κεν τάδε δώμαθʼ ἵκηται·
Then wise Penelope answered him: "Antinous, it is neither honorable nor just to mistreat the guests of Telemachus, whoever comes to this house.
§21.314ἔλπεαι, αἴ χʼ ὁ ξεῖνος Ὀδυσσῆος μέγα τόξον §21.315ἐντανύσῃ χερσίν τε βίηφί τε ἧφι πιθήσας, §21.316οἴκαδέ μʼ ἄξεσθαι καὶ ἑὴν θήσεσθαι ἄκοιτιν;
Do you expect that, if the stranger strings the great bow of Odysseus, trusting in his hands and his strength, he will lead me to his home and make me his wife?
§21.317οὐδʼ αὐτός που τοῦτό γʼ ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔολπε·
He himself, I suppose, has no such hope in his breast.
§21.318μηδέ τις ὑμείων τοῦ γʼ εἵνεκα θυμὸν ἀχεύων §21.319ἐνθάδε δαινύσθω, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδὲ ἔοικεν. §21.320τὴν δʼ αὖτʼ Εὐρύμαχος, Πολύβου πάϊς, ἀντίον ηὔδα· §21.321κούρη Ἰκαρίοιο, περίφρον Πηνελόπεια, §21.322οὔ τί σε τόνδʼ ἄξεσθαι ὀϊόμεθʼ· οὐδὲ ἔοικεν·
Let none of you feast here with a heavy heart on that account, for indeed that is not seemly at all." Then Eurymachus, son of Polybus, answered her: "Daughter of Icarius, wise Penelope, we do not think this man will lead you away; indeed, it is not seemly.
§21.323ἀλλʼ αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν, §21.324μή ποτέ τις εἴπῃσι κακώτερος ἄλλος Ἀχαιῶν §21.325ἦ πολὺ χείρονες ἄνδρες ἀμύμονος ἀνδρὸς ἄκοιτιν §21.326μνῶνται, οὐδέ τι τόξον ἐΰξοον ἐντανύουσιν· §21.327ἀλλʼ ἄλλος τις πτωχὸς ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθὼν §21.328ῥηϊδίως ἐτάνυσσε βιόν, διὰ δʼ ἧκε σιδήρου. §21.329ὣς ἐρέουσʼ, ἡμῖν δʼ ἂν ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα γένοιτο. §21.330τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· §21.331Εὐρύμαχʼ, οὔ πως ἔστιν ἐϋκλεῖας κατὰ δῆμον §21.332ἔμμεναι οἳ δὴ οἶκον ἀτιμάζοντες ἔδουσιν §21.333ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος·
But we feel shame at the talk of men and women, lest some other baser Achaean should say: 'Surely far meaner men court the wife of a noble man, yet they cannot string the well-polished bow at all; but another, a wandering beggar who came here, easily strung the bow and shot through the iron.' So they will say, and this would be a reproach to us." Then wise Penelope answered him: "Eurymachus, there is no way for men to be of good repute among the people who dishonor and devour the house of a prince.
τί δʼ ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε;
Why do you make this a matter of reproach?
§21.334οὗτος δὲ ξεῖνος μάλα μὲν μέγας ἠδʼ εὐπηγής, §21.335πατρὸς δʼ ἐξ ἀγαθοῦ γένος εὔχεται ἔμμεναι υἱός.
This stranger is very tall and well-built, and claims to be by birth the son of a noble father.
§21.336ἀλλʼ ἄγε οἱ δότε τόξον ἐΰξοον, ὄφρα ἴδωμεν.
But come, give him the well-polished bow, so that we may see.
§21.337ὧδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, τὸ δὲ καὶ τετελεσμένον ἔσται· §21.338εἴ κέ μιν ἐντανύσῃ, δώῃ δέ οἱ εὖχος Ἀπόλλων, §21.339ἕσσω μιν χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, εἵματα καλά, §21.340δώσω δʼ ὀξὺν ἄκοντα, κυνῶν ἀλκτῆρα καὶ ἀνδρῶν, §21.341καὶ ξίφος ἄμφηκες· δώσω δʼ ὑπὸ ποσσὶ πέδιλα, §21.342πέμψω δʼ ὅππη μιν κραδίη θυμός τε κελεύει. §21.343τὴν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· §21.344μῆτερ ἐμή, τόξον μὲν Ἀχαιῶν οὔ τις ἐμεῖο §21.345κρείσσων, ᾧ κʼ ἐθέλω, δόμεναί τε καὶ ἀρνήσασθαι, §21.346οὔθʼ ὅσσοι κραναὴν Ἰθάκην κάτα κοιρανέουσιν, §21.347οὔθʼ ὅσσοι νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος ἱπποβότοιο·
For thus I will speak, and this shall indeed be brought to pass: if he strings it, and Apollo grants him glory, I will clothe him in a cloak and a tunic, fair garments, and give him a sharp javelin to ward off dogs and men, and a two-edged sword; and I will give him sandals for his feet, and send him wherever his heart and spirit bid him go." Then wise Telemachus answered her: "My mother, as for the bow, no one of the Achaeans has better right than I to give or to deny it to whomsoever I will, neither of those who rule in rugged Ithaca, nor of those in the islands toward horse-pasturing Elis.
§21.348τῶν οὔ τίς μʼ ἀέκοντα βιήσεται, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλωμι §21.349καὶ καθάπαξ ξείνῳ δόμεναι τάδε τόξα φέρεσθαι.
Of these, no one shall force me against my will, even if I should wish to give this bow once and for all to the stranger to bear away.
§21.350ἀλλʼ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσα τὰ σʼ αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε, §21.351ἱστόν τʼ ἠλακάτην τε, καὶ ἀμφιπόλοισι κέλευε §21.352ἔργον ἐποίχεσθαι·
But go to your chamber, and attend to your own work, the loom and the distaff, and bid your handmaids ply their tasks.
τόξον δʼ ἄνδρεσσι μελήσει §21.353πᾶσι, μάλιστα δʼ ἐμοί· τοῦ γὰρ κράτος ἔστʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ. §21.354ἡ μὲν θαμβήσασα πάλιν οἶκόνδε βεβήκει· §21.355παιδὸς γὰρ μῦθον πεπνυμένον ἔνθετο θυμῷ.
The bow shall be for men to care for, all men, and most of all for me; for mine is the authority in this house." She, amazed, went back to her chamber; for she laid to heart the wise saying of her son.
§21.356ἐς δʼ ὑπερῷʼ ἀναβᾶσα σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξὶ §21.357κλαῖεν ἔπειτʼ Ὀδυσῆα, φίλον πόσιν, ὄφρα οἱ ὕπνον §21.358ἡδὺν ἐπὶ βλεφάροισι βάλε γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη.
And going up to her upper chamber with her handmaids, she then wept for Odysseus, her dear husband, until bright-eyed Athena cast sweet sleep upon her eyelids.
§21.359αὐτὰρ ὁ τόξα λαβὼν φέρε καμπύλα δῖος ὑφορβός· §21.360μνηστῆρες δʼ ἄρα πάντες ὁμόκλεον ἐν μεγάροισιν·
Now the noble swineherd took the curved bow and was carrying it; and all the suitors shouted at him in the halls.
§21.361ὧδε δέ τις εἴπεσκε νέων ὑπερηνορεόντων· §21.362πῆ δὴ καμπύλα τόξα φέρεις, ἀμέγαρτε συβῶτα,
And thus one of the proud youths would say: "Where indeed are you carrying the curved bow, miserable swineherd,

Notes

  1. §21.291μύθων ἡμετέρων — A genitive phrase modifying the verb `ἀκούεις` at the end of the previous chunk (line 290). Both `μύθων ἡμετέρων` and the following `ῥήσιος` serve as genitive objects governed by the verb `ἀκούεις` (to hear/listen to).
  2. §21.315ἧφι πιθήσας — `ἧφι` (sometimes written as `ᾗφι`) is an archaic epic case form of the third-person singular possessive adjective `ὅς` (one's own), agreeing here with the feminine noun `βίηφι` (strength). It functions as a feminine singular dative/instrumental controlled by the participle `πιθήσας` (trusting in).
  3. §21.344ἐμεῖο κρείσσων — The comparative adjective `κρείσσων` (stronger/having more authority) is followed by `ἐμεῖο`, which is the genitive of comparison ('than I'). The subsequent infinitives `δόμεναι` (to give) and `ἀρνήσασθαι` (to deny) function as infinitives of specification, defining the area of authority.

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §21.291-21.362. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:21.291-21.362

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