Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §15.355-15.425

Laertes' Grief and the Story of Eumaeus' Youth

Passage 108 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Eumaeus tells Odysseus of the death of Odysseus's mother and the bitter grief of his father Laertes, recalling his own upbringing alongside Odysseus's sister. At Odysseus's request, Eumaeus begins to relate the story of his youth on the island of Syrie and how he was kidnapped by Phoenicians.

§15.355ἐκπάγλως γὰρ παιδὸς ὀδύρεται οἰχομένοιο §15.356κουριδίης τʼ ἀλόχοιο δαΐφρονος, ἥ ἑ μάλιστα §15.357ἤκαχʼ ἀποφθιμένη καὶ ἐν ὠμῷ γήραϊ θῆκεν.
For he grieves terribly for his son who is gone, and for his wise wedded wife, who grieved him most of all by her death and brought him to untimely old age.
§15.358ἡ δʼ ἄχεϊ οὗ παιδὸς ἀπέφθιτο κυδαλίμοιο, §15.359λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ, ὡς μὴ θάνοι ὅς τις ἐμοί γε §15.360ἐνθάδε ναιετάων φίλος εἴη καὶ φίλα ἔρδοι.
And she perished of grief for her glorious son, by a miserable death; may no one die such a death who is a friend to me here, living here and doing friendly deeds.
§15.361ὄφρα μὲν οὖν δὴ κείνη ἔην, ἀχέουσά περ ἔμπης, §15.362τόφρα τί μοι φίλον ἔσκε μεταλλῆσαι καὶ ἐρέσθαι, §15.363οὕνεκά μʼ αὐτὴ θρέψεν ἅμα Κτιμένῃ τανυπέπλῳ, §15.364θυγατέρʼ ἰφθίμῃ, τὴν ὁπλοτάτην τέκε παίδων·
So long indeed as she was alive, although grieving, it was still dear to me to ask and inquire of her, because she herself reared me along with long-robed Ctimene, her noble daughter, whom she bore as the youngest of her children.
§15.365τῇ ὁμοῦ ἐτρεφόμην, ὀλίγον δέ τί μʼ ἧσσον ἐτίμα.
With her I was brought up, and she honored me only a little less than her own.
§15.366αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἥβην πολυήρατον ἱκόμεθʼ ἄμφω, §15.367τὴν μὲν ἔπειτα Σάμηνδʼ ἔδοσαν καὶ μυρίʼ ἕλοντο, §15.368αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματʼ ἐκείνη §15.369καλὰ μάλʼ ἀμφιέσασα, ποσὶν δʼ ὑποδήματα δοῦσα §15.370ἀγρόνδε προΐαλλε· φίλει δέ με κηρόθι μᾶλλον.
But when we both reached lovely youth, they sent her to Same to marry and got countless bride-gifts; but me, she clothed in a beautiful cloak and tunic, and gave sandals for my feet, and sent me to the field; and she loved me even more from her heart.
§15.371νῦν δʼ ἤδη τούτων ἐπιδεύομαι· ἀλλά μοι αὐτῷ §15.372ἔργον ἀέξουσιν μάκαρες θεοὶ ᾧ ἐπιμίμνω· §15.373τῶν ἔφαγόν τʼ ἔπιόν τε καὶ αἰδοίοισιν ἔδωκα.
But now indeed I lack these things; yet for me myself the blessed gods prosper the work at which I abide; from these I have eaten and drunk, and given to those who deserve respect.
§15.374ἐκ δʼ ἄρα δεσποίνης οὐ μείλιχον ἔστιν ἀκοῦσαι §15.375οὔτʼ ἔπος οὔτε τι ἔργον, ἐπεὶ κακὸν ἔμπεσεν οἴκῳ, §15.376ἄνδρες ὑπερφίαλοι·
But from the new mistress there is nothing gentle to hear, neither word nor deed, since evil has fallen upon the house, namely, overbearing men.
μέγα δὲ δμῶες χατέουσιν §15.377ἀντία δεσποίνης φάσθαι καὶ ἕκαστα πυθέσθαι §15.378καὶ φαγέμεν πιέμεν τε, ἔπειτα δὲ καί τι φέρεσθαι §15.379ἀγρόνδʼ, οἷά τε θυμὸν ἀεὶ δμώεσσιν ἰαίνει.
And servants greatly desire to speak face to face with their mistress, and to ask about everything, and to eat and drink, and then also to carry something off to the field, such things as always warm the hearts of servants.
§15.380τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· §15.381ὢ πόποι, ὡς ἄρα τυτθὸς ἐών, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα, §15.382πολλὸν ἀπεπλάγχθης σῆς πατρίδος ἠδὲ τοκήων.
Then resourcefully replying, Odysseus spoke to him: "Ah, Eumaeus the swineherd, how indeed when you were but a child you wandered far from your fatherland and parents!
§15.383ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον, §15.384ἠὲ διεπράθετο πτόλις ἀνδρῶν εὐρυάγυια, §15.385ᾗ ἔνι ναιετάασκε πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ, §15.386ἦ σέ γε μουνωθέντα παρʼ οἴεσιν ἢ παρὰ βουσὶν §15.387ἄνδρες δυσμενέες νηυσὶν λάβον ἠδʼ ἐπέρασσαν §15.388τοῦδʼ ἀνδρὸς πρὸς δώμαθʼ, ὁ δʼ ἄξιον ὦνον ἔδωκε. §15.389τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν· §15.390ξεῖνʼ, ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ταῦτά μʼ ἀνείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς, §15.391σιγῇ νῦν ξυνίει καὶ τέρπεο, πῖνέ τε οἶνον §15.392ἥμενος.
But come, tell me this and relate it truly: was the wide-wayed city of men sacked, in which your father and lady mother used to dwell, or did hostile men take you in their ships when you were left alone with the sheep or cattle, and sell you to the house of this man, who paid a worthy price?" To him in turn the swineherd, leader of men, spoke: "Stranger, since indeed you ask and inquire of me about these things, listen now in silence and enjoy, and drink wine as you sit.
αἵδε δὲ νύκτες ἀθέσφατοι· ἔστι μὲν εὕδειν, §15.393ἔστι δὲ τερπομένοισιν ἀκούειν· οὐδέ τί σε χρή, §15.394πρὶν ὥρη, καταλέχθαι· ἀνίη καὶ πολὺς ὕπνος.
These nights are unspeakably long; there is time to sleep, and there is time to be pleased with listening; you need not go to bed before it is time; even too much sleep is a weariness.
§15.395τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ὅτινα κραδίη καὶ θυμὸς ἀνώγει, §15.396εὑδέτω ἐξελθών· ἅμα δʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφι §15.397δειπνήσας ἅμʼ ὕεσσιν ἀνακτορίῃσιν ἑπέσθω.
Of the others, whomsoever his heart and spirit bid, let him go out and sleep; and at the appearance of dawn let him break his fast and follow the master's swine.
§15.398νῶϊ δʼ ἐνὶ κλισίῃ πίνοντέ τε δαινυμένω τε §15.399κήδεσιν ἀλλήλων τερπώμεθα λευγαλέοισι, §15.400μνωομένω· μετὰ γάρ τε καὶ ἄλγεσι τέρπεται ἀνήρ, §15.401ὅς τις δὴ μάλα πολλὰ πάθῃ καὶ πόλλʼ ἐπαληθῇ.
But we two in the lodge, drinking and feasting, let us find pleasure in one another's grievous sorrows, calling them to mind; for after a time a man finds joy even in griefs, whoever indeed has suffered much and wandered far.
§15.402τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέω ὅ μʼ ἀνείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς.
But this I will tell you, about which you ask and inquire of me.
§15.403νῆσός τις Συρίη κικλήσκεται, εἴ που ἀκούεις, §15.404Ὀρτυγίης καθύπερθεν, ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο, §15.405οὔ τι περιπληθὴς λίην τόσον, ἀλλʼ ἀγαθὴ μέν, §15.406εὔβοτος, εὔμηλος, οἰνοπληθής, πολύπυρος.
There is an island called Syrie, if ever you have heard of it, above Ortygia, where are the turnings of the sun; not extremely populous, but a good land, rich in herds, rich in sheep, full of wine, abounding in wheat.
§15.407πείνη δʼ οὔ ποτε δῆμον ἐσέρχεται, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη §15.408νοῦσος ἐπὶ στυγερὴ πέλεται δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν· §15.409ἀλλʼ ὅτε γηράσκωσι πόλιν κάτα φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων, §15.410ἐλθὼν ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων Ἀρτέμιδι ξὺν §15.411οἷς ἀγανοῖς βελέεσσιν ἐποιχόμενος κατέπεφνεν.
Famine never enters the land, nor does any other hateful disease fall upon wretched mortals; but when the generations of men grow old throughout the city, silver-bowed Apollo comes with Artemis and assails them with his gentle shafts and slays them.
§15.412ἔνθα δύω πόλιες, δίχα δέ σφισι πάντα δέδασται· §15.413τῇσιν δʼ ἀμφοτέρῃσι πατὴρ ἐμὸς ἐμβασίλευε, §15.414Κτήσιος Ὀρμενίδης, ἐπιείκελος ἀθανάτοισιν.
There are two cities there, and all things are divided between them in two; over both of them my father ruled, Ctesius, son of Ormenus, like to the immortals.
§15.415ἔνθα δὲ Φοίνικες ναυσίκλυτοι ἤλυθον ἄνδρες, §15.416τρῶκται, μυρίʼ ἄγοντες ἀθύρματα νηῒ μελαίνῃ.
Thither came Phoenicians, men famous for seafaring, greedy knaves, bringing countless trinkets in their black ship.
§15.417ἔσκε δὲ πατρὸς ἐμοῖο γυνὴ Φοίνισσʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ, §15.418καλή τε μεγάλη τε καὶ ἀγλαὰ ἔργα ἰδυῖα· §15.419τὴν δʼ ἄρα Φοίνικες πολυπαίπαλοι ἠπερόπευον.
Now there was in my father's house a Phoenician woman, beautiful and tall, and skilled in glorious handiwork; her then the wily Phoenicians beguiled.
§15.420πλυνούσῃ τις πρῶτα μίγη κοίλῃ παρὰ νηῒ §15.421εὐνῇ καὶ φιλότητι, τά τε φρένας ἠπεροπεύει §15.422θηλυτέρῃσι γυναιξί, καὶ ἥ κʼ εὐεργὸς ἔῃσιν.
First, as she was washing clothes, one of them lay with her beside the hollow ship in love and passion, things which beguile the mind of womenfolk, even of one who is honest.
§15.423εἰρώτα δὴ ἔπειτα τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι· §15.424ἡ δὲ μάλʼ αὐτίκα πατρὸς ἐπέφραδεν ὑψερεφὲς δῶ· §15.425ἐκ μὲν Σιδῶνος πολυχάλκου εὔχομαι εἶναι,
Then he asked her who she was and whence she came; and she straightway pointed out the high-roofed house of her father: 'From Sidon, rich in bronze, I boast to be,'

Notes

  1. 15.359ὡς μὴ θάνοι ὅς τις ἐμοί γε ... φίλος εἴη καὶ φίλα ἔρδοι — `ὡς` functions as a particle introducing a wish (equivalent to `εἴθε` or `αἴθε`), and with the optative `θάνοι`, expresses a desire that "no one may die such a death." The following relative clause `ὅς τις ... εἴη καὶ ... ἔρδοι` also stands in the optative by assimilation to the main clause's optative of wish.
  2. 15.404ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο — This phrase meaning "where are the turnings of the sun" is interpreted either as referring to the astronomical solstices or to the place where the sun turns back to set (i.e., the far West). In either case, it functions as a relative clause indicating the remote geographical location of the island of Syrie.
  3. 15.422καί ἥ κʼ εὐεργὸς ἔῃσιν — The relative pronoun `ἥ` is accompanied by the particle `κε` (`ἄν`) and the subjunctive `ἔῃσιν` (epic form, third-person singular), forming a relative clause of general condition meaning "even one who is/might be upright."

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §15.355-15.425. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:15.355-15.425

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