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Homer · Iliad §23.555-23.622

Antilochus' Apology and the Gift to Nestor

Passage 210 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Achilles accepts Antilochus' defense and compensates Eumelus with a bronze breastplate, while Menelaus demands an oath from Antilochus but is appeased by his humble apology and relinquishment of the mare. After the chariot race prizes are settled, Achilles respectfully presents the remaining fifth prize to the elder Nestor.

§23.555ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς §23.556χαίρων Ἀντιλόχῳ, ὅτι οἱ φίλος ἦεν ἑταῖρος· §23.557καί μιν ἀμειβόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §23.558Ἀντίλοχʼ, εἰ μὲν δή με κελεύεις οἴκοθεν ἄλλο §23.559Εὐμήλῳ ἐπιδοῦναι, ἐγὼ δέ κε καὶ τὸ τελέσσω. §23.560δώσω οἱ θώρηκα, τὸν Ἀστεροπαῖον ἀπηύρων §23.561χάλκεον, ᾧ πέρι χεῦμα φαεινοῦ κασσιτέροιο §23.562ἀμφιδεδίνηται· πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται. §23.563ἦ ῥα, καὶ Αὐτομέδοντι φίλῳ ἐκέλευσεν ἑταίρῳ §23.564οἰσέμεναι κλισίηθεν· ὃ δʼ ᾤχετο καί οἱ ἔνεικεν, §23.565Εὐμήλῳ δʼ ἐν χερσὶ τίθει· ὃ δὲ δέξατο χαίρων. §23.566τοῖσι δὲ καὶ Μενέλαος ἀνίστατο θυμὸν ἀχεύων §23.567Ἀντιλόχῳ ἄμοτον κεχολωμένος· ἐν δʼ ἄρα κῆρυξ §23.568χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκε, σιωπῆσαί τε κέλευσεν §23.569Ἀργείους· ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα μετηύδα ἰσόθεος φώς· §23.570Ἀντίλοχε πρόσθεν πεπνυμένε ποῖον ἔρεξας. §23.571ᾔσχυνας μὲν ἐμὴν ἀρετήν, βλάψας δέ μοι ἵππους §23.572τοὺς σοὺς πρόσθε βαλών, οἵ τοι πολὺ χείρονες ἦσαν. §23.573ἀλλʼ ἄγετʼ Ἀργείων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες §23.574ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι δικάσσατε, μὴ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀρωγῇ, §23.575μή ποτέ τις εἴπῃσιν Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων· §23.576Ἀντίλοχον ψεύδεσσι βιησάμενος Μενέλαος §23.577οἴχεται ἵππον ἄγων, ὅτι οἱ πολὺ χείρονες ἦσαν §23.578ἵπποι, αὐτὸς δὲ κρείσσων ἀρετῇ τε βίῃ τε. §23.579εἰ δʼ ἄγʼ ἐγὼν αὐτὸς δικάσω, καί μʼ οὔ τινά φημι §23.580ἄλλον ἐπιπλήξειν Δαναῶν· ἰθεῖα γὰρ ἔσται. §23.581Ἀντίλοχʼ εἰ δʼ ἄγε δεῦρο διοτρεφές, ἣ θέμις ἐστί, §23.582στὰς ἵππων προπάροιθε καὶ ἅρματος, αὐτὰρ ἱμάσθλην §23.583χερσὶν ἔχε ῥαδινήν, ᾗ περ τὸ πρόσθεν ἔλαυνες, §23.584ἵππων ἁψάμενος γαιήοχον ἐννοσίγαιον §23.585ὄμνυθι μὴ μὲν ἑκὼν τὸ ἐμὸν δόλῳ ἅρμα πεδῆσαι. §23.586τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίλοχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· §23.587ἄνσχεο νῦν· πολλὸν γὰρ ἔγωγε νεώτερός εἰμι §23.588σεῖο ἄναξ Μενέλαε, σὺ δὲ πρότερος καὶ ἀρείων. §23.589οἶσθʼ οἷαι νέου ἀνδρὸς ὑπερβασίαι τελέθουσι· §23.590κραιπνότερος μὲν γάρ τε νόος, λεπτὴ δέ τε μῆτις. §23.591τώ τοι ἐπιτλήτω κραδίη· ἵππον δέ τοι αὐτὸς §23.592δώσω, τὴν ἀρόμην.
So he spoke, and swift-footed noble Achilles smiled,\n rejoicing in Antilochus, because he was a dear companion to him;\n and answering him, he spoke winged words:\n "Antilochus, if indeed you bid me to give another prize from my house\n to Eumelus, I will perform even this for you.\n I will give him the bronze breastplate that I took from Asteropaeus,\n around which a casting of bright tin is\n wound; and it will be of great value to him."\n He spoke, and ordered his dear companion Automedon\n to bring it from the tent; and he went and brought it to him,\n and Achilles placed it in Eumelus' hands; and he received it rejoicing.\n And among them Menelaus also arose, grieving in his heart,\n fiercely angry with Antilochus; and then a herald\n placed the sceptre in his hand, and ordered the Argives\n to be silent; and then the godlike man spoke among them:\n "Antilochus, who before were wise, what a thing you have done!\n You have shamed my skill, and harmed my horses,\n casting your own in front, which were far worse.\n But come, leaders and rulers of the Argives,\n judge between us both in the midst, and do not show favor,\n lest someone of the bronze-clad Achaeans should ever say:\n 'Menelaus, having overcome Antilochus by falsehoods,\n is gone, leading away the mare, because his horses were far worse,\n but he himself was superior in skill and in power.'\n But come, I myself will judge, and I think that no other\n of the Danaans will find fault with me; for the judgment will be straight.\n Antilochus, come hither, nurtured of Zeus, as is the custom,\n stand before your horses and chariot, and hold the slender whip\n in your hands, with which you drove before,\n and touching the horses, swear by the earth-holder and earth-shaker\n that you did not willingly block my chariot by guile."\n And to him wise Antilochus answered in turn:\n "Bear with me now; for I am much younger\n than you, lord Menelaus, and you are elder and better.\n You know what kind of transgressions belong to a young man;\n for his mind is more hasty, and his counsel is thin.\n Therefore let your heart bear with me; and I myself\n will give you the mare which I won.
εἰ καί νύ κεν οἴκοθεν ἄλλο §23.593μεῖζον ἐπαιτήσειας, ἄφαρ κέ τοι αὐτίκα δοῦναι §23.594βουλοίμην ἢ σοί γε διοτρεφὲς ἤματα πάντα §23.595ἐκ θυμοῦ πεσέειν καὶ δαίμοσιν εἶναι ἀλιτρός. §23.596ἦ ῥα καὶ ἵππον ἄγων μεγαθύμου Νέστορος υἱὸς §23.597ἐν χείρεσσι τίθει Μενελάου· τοῖο δὲ θυμὸς §23.598ἰάνθη ὡς εἴ τε περὶ σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση §23.599ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος, ὅτε φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι· §23.600ὣς ἄρα σοὶ Μενέλαε μετὰ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἰάνθη. §23.601καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §23.602Ἀντίλοχε νῦν μέν τοι ἐγὼν ὑποείξομαι αὐτὸς §23.603χωόμενος, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι παρήορος οὐδʼ ἀεσίφρων §23.604ἦσθα πάρος· νῦν αὖτε νόον νίκησε νεοίη. §23.605δεύτερον αὖτʼ ἀλέασθαι ἀμείνονας ἠπεροπεύειν. §23.606οὐ γάρ κέν με τάχʼ ἄλλος ἀνὴρ παρέπεισεν Ἀχαιῶν. §23.607ἀλλὰ σὺ γὰρ δὴ πολλὰ πάθες καὶ πολλὰ μόγησας §23.608σός τε πατὴρ ἀγαθὸς καὶ ἀδελφεὸς εἵνεκʼ ἐμεῖο· §23.609τώ τοι λισσομένῳ ἐπιπείσομαι, ἠδὲ καὶ ἵππον §23.610δώσω ἐμήν περ ἐοῦσαν, ἵνα γνώωσι καὶ οἵδε §23.611ὡς ἐμὸς οὔ ποτε θυμὸς ὑπερφίαλος καὶ ἀπηνής. §23.612ἦ ῥα, καὶ Ἀντιλόχοιο Νοήμονι δῶκεν ἑταίρῳ §23.613ἵππον ἄγειν· ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα λέβηθʼ ἕλε παμφανόωντα. §23.614Μηριόνης δʼ ἀνάειρε δύω χρυσοῖο τάλαντα §23.615τέτρατος, ὡς ἔλασεν.
And if indeed you should ask\n for something else greater from my house, I would wish to give it to you at once\n right now, rather than to fall from your heart, nurtured of Zeus, for all days,\n and to be a sinner against the gods."\n So spoke the son of great-hearted Nestor, and leading the mare\n placed her in the hands of Menelaus; and his heart\n was softened, as when the dew falls upon the ears of corn\n of a growing crop, when the fields are bristling;\n so indeed, Menelaus, was the heart in your breast softened.\n And speaking, he addressed him with winged words:\n "Antilochus, now indeed I myself will yield to you,\n though I was angry, since you were never flighty or foolish\n before; but now indeed youth has overcome your mind.\n In the future avoid tricking your betters.\n For no other man of the Achaeans would have easily persuaded me.\n But since you have indeed suffered much and laboured much,\n and your noble father and brother too, for my sake;\n therefore I will yield to your prayer, and I will also give you\n the mare, though she is mine, so that these men also may know\n that my heart is never arrogant or unyielding."\n He spoke, and gave the mare to Noemon, the companion of Antilochus,\n to lead away; and then he himself took the shining cauldron.\n And Meriones took up the two talents of gold,\n fourth, as he had driven.
πέμπτον δʼ ὑπελείπετʼ ἄεθλον, §23.616ἀμφίθετος φιάλη· τὴν Νέστορι δῶκεν Ἀχιλλεὺς §23.617Ἀργείων ἀνʼ ἀγῶνα φέρων, καὶ ἔειπε παραστάς· §23.618τῆ νῦν, καὶ σοὶ τοῦτο γέρον κειμήλιον ἔστω §23.619Πατρόκλοιο τάφου μνῆμʼ ἔμμεναι· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ αὐτὸν §23.620ὄψῃ ἐν Ἀργείοισι· δίδωμι δέ τοι τόδʼ ἄεθλον §23.621αὔτως· οὐ γὰρ πύξ γε μαχήσεαι, οὐδὲ παλαίσεις, §23.622οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἀκοντιστὺν ἐσδύσεαι, οὐδὲ πόδεσσι
And the fifth prize was left,\n a double-handled bowl; this Achilles gave to Nestor,\n carrying it through the assembly of the Argives, and standing by him said:\n "Take this now, elder, and let this be a treasure for you,\n to be a memorial of Patroclus' burial; for you will no longer\n see him among the Argives; and I give you this prize\n as a gift; for you will not fight with fists, nor wrestle,\n nor enter the javelin throw, nor run with your feet."

Notes

  1. 23.558-559εἰ μὲν δή με κελεύεις ... ἐγὼ δέ κε καὶ τὸ τελέσσω — The protasis with the present indicative (κελεύεις) is paired with an apodosis containing the particle κε and the future indicative (or aorist subjunctive) verb (τελέσσω). Unlike standard Attic conditional rules, this Homeric construction vividly expresses the speaker's immediate and certain willingness to comply with the request.
  2. 23.574μὴ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀρωγῇ — An adverbial phrase meaning 'not for the purpose of aiding [either side]'. The preposition ἐπί with the dative noun ἀρωγῇ expresses purpose or intent, underscoring Menelaus' demand for strict impartiality and neutrality from the judging chieftains.
  3. 23.598-599ὡς εἴ τε περὶ σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση / ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος — A prominent Homeric simile comparing Menelaus' softening heart to dew falling upon the ears of a growing crop. The genitive absolute construction (ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος, 'while the crop is growing') is embedded within the clause, vividly reflecting his internal transformation from dry anger to refreshing relief.
  4. 23.605δεύτερον αὖτʼ ἀλέασθαι ἀμείνονας ἠπεροπεύειν — The infinitive verb ἀλέασθαι ('to avoid', here carrying an imperatival force) governs another infinitive ἠπεροπεύειν ('to deceive') as its direct object, forming a strong moral warning: 'in the future, avoid deceiving your betters'.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §23.555-23.622. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:23.555-23.622

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