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Homer · Iliad §21.338-21.403

The Fire of Hephaestus and the Clash of the Gods

Passage 190 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Ordered by Hera, Hephaestus unleashes a devastating fire that dries up the plain and boils the river, forcing Xanthus to surrender and promise not to help the Trojans. Subsequently, a direct battle among the Olympian gods erupts, with Ares attacking Athena.

§21.338δένδρεα καῖʼ, ἐν δʼ αὐτὸν ἵει πυρί· μὴ δέ σε πάμπαν §21.339μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν ἀποτρεπέτω καὶ ἀρειῇ· §21.340μὴ δὲ πρὶν ἀπόπαυε τεὸν μένος, ἀλλʼ ὁπότʼ ἂν δὴ §21.341φθέγξομʼ ἐγὼν ἰάχουσα, τότε σχεῖν ἀκάματον πῦρ.
burn the trees, and cast fire upon the River himself; let him by no means turn you back by soothing words and threats; nor stay your fury before, but when at length I shout and give the sign, then stay your unwearied fire.
§21.342ὣς ἔφαθʼ, Ἥφαιστος δὲ τιτύσκετο θεσπιδαὲς πῦρ.
So she spoke, and Hephaestus prepared his wondrous-blazing fire.
§21.343πρῶτα μὲν ἐν πεδίῳ πῦρ δαίετο, καῖε δὲ νεκροὺς §21.344πολλούς, οἵ ῥα κατʼ αὐτὸν ἅλις ἔσαν, οὓς κτάνʼ Ἀχιλλεύς· §21.345πᾶν δʼ ἐξηράνθη πεδίον, σχέτο δʼ ἀγλαὸν ὕδωρ.
First on the plain the fire was kindled, and it burned the dead who lay there in abundance, whom Achilles had slain; and all the plain was dried, and the bright water was stayed.
§21.346ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ὀπωρινὸς Βορέης νεοαρδέʼ ἀλωὴν §21.347αἶψʼ ἀγξηράνῃ· χαίρει δέ μιν ὅς τις ἐθείρῃ· §21.348ὣς ἐξηράνθη πεδίον πᾶν, κὰδ δʼ ἄρα νεκροὺς §21.349κῆεν· ὃ δʼ ἐς ποταμὸν τρέψε φλόγα παμφανόωσαν.
And as when the north wind of autumn quickly dries a newly watered orchard, and he who tills it is glad; so was the whole plain dried, and he burned the dead; and then he turned his gleaming flame against the River.
§21.350καίοντο πτελέαι τε καὶ ἰτέαι ἠδὲ μυρῖκαι, §21.351καίετο δὲ λωτός τε ἰδὲ θρύον ἠδὲ κύπειρον, §21.352τὰ περὶ καλὰ ῥέεθρα ἅλις ποταμοῖο πεφύκει·
Burned were the elms and the willows and the tamarisks, and burned was the lotus and the reed and the galingale, which grew in abundance about the beautiful streams of the river.
§21.353τείροντʼ ἐγχέλυές τε καὶ ἰχθύες οἳ κατὰ δίνας, §21.354οἳ κατὰ καλὰ ῥέεθρα κυβίστων ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα §21.355πνοιῇ τειρόμενοι πολυμήτιος Ἡφαίστοιο.
Harassed were the eels and the fish that down the eddies, and down the beautiful streams were tumbling this way and that, harassed by the blast of wise Hephaestus.
§21.356καίετο δʼ ἲς ποταμοῖο ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν· §21.357Ἥφαιστʼ, οὔ τις σοί γε θεῶν δύνατʼ ἀντιφερίζειν, §21.358οὐδʼ ἂν ἐγὼ σοί γʼ ὧδε πυρὶ φλεγέθοντι μαχοίμην.
Burned too was the strength of the River, and he spoke and addressed him: "Hephaestus, no one of the gods can contend against you, nor would I fight with you thus, when you blaze with fire.
§21.359λῆγʼ ἔριδος, Τρῶας δὲ καὶ αὐτίκα δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς §21.360ἄστεος ἐξελάσειε· τί μοι ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς; §21.361φῆ πυρὶ καιόμενος, ἀνὰ δʼ ἔφλυε καλὰ ῥέεθρα.
Cease from strife, and let noble Achilles drive the Trojans straightway from their city; what have I to do with strife and helping?" So he spoke, parched with fire, and his beautiful streams bubbled up.
§21.362ὡς δὲ λέβης ζεῖ ἔνδον ἐπειγόμενος πυρὶ πολλῷ §21.363κνίσην μελδόμενος ἁπαλοτρεφέος σιάλοιο §21.364πάντοθεν ἀμβολάδην, ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα κάγκανα κεῖται, §21.365ὣς τοῦ καλὰ ῥέεθρα πυρὶ φλέγετο, ζέε δʼ ὕδωρ· §21.366οὐδʼ ἔθελε προρέειν, ἀλλʼ ἴσχετο· τεῖρε δʼ ἀϋτμὴ §21.367Ἡφαίστοιο βίηφι πολύφρονος.
And as a cauldron boils within, urged by a great fire, melting the lard of a tender-fed swine on every side, bubbling up, and dry wood lies beneath; so were his beautiful streams burned with fire, and the water boiled; nor would it flow forward, but was stayed; for the blast of wise Hephaestus' might harassed him.
αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ Ἥρην §21.368πολλὰ λισσόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §21.369Ἥρη τίπτε σὸς υἱὸς ἐμὸν ῥόον ἔχραε κήδειν
Then he made long entreaty to Hera, and spoke to her winged words: "Hera, why does your son set upon my stream to vex it above others?
§21.370ἐξ ἄλλων; οὐ μέν τοι ἐγὼ τόσον αἴτιός εἰμι §21.371ὅσσον οἱ ἄλλοι πάντες, ὅσοι Τρώεσσιν ἀρωγοί.
I am not so much to blame in your eyes as all the others who are helpers to the Trojans.
§21.372ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ἐγὼν ἀποπαύσομαι εἰ σὺ κελεύεις, §21.373παυέσθω δὲ καὶ οὗτος· ἐγὼ δʼ ἐπὶ καὶ τόδʼ ὀμοῦμαι, §21.374μή ποτʼ ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀλεξήσειν κακὸν ἦμαρ, §21.375μὴ δʼ ὁπότʼ ἂν Τροίη μαλερῷ πυρὶ πᾶσα δάηται §21.376καιομένη, καίωσι δʼ ἀρήϊοι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν. §21.377αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τό γʼ ἄκουσε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη, §21.378αὐτίκʼ ἄρʼ Ἥφαιστον προσεφώνεεν ὃν φίλον υἱόν· §21.379Ἥφαιστε σχέο τέκνον ἀγακλεές·
But I will indeed cease, if you so bid, and let him also cease; and I will moreover swear this: never to ward off the evil day from the Trojans, not even when all Troy shall burn with consuming fire, and the warlike sons of the Achaeans shall burn it." But when the goddess, white-armed Hera, heard this, straightway she spoke to Hephaestus, her own dear son: "Hephaestus, hold, my glorious child!
οὐ γὰρ ἔοικεν §21.380ἀθάνατον θεὸν ὧδε βροτῶν ἕνεκα στυφελίζειν. §21.381ὣς ἔφαθʼ, Ἥφαιστος δὲ κατέσβεσε θεσπιδαὲς πῦρ, §21.382ἄψορρον δʼ ἄρα κῦμα κατέσσυτο καλὰ ῥέεθρα.
For it is not seemly to harass an immortal god thus for the sake of mortals." So she spoke, and Hephaestus quenched his wondrous-blazing fire, and back again the wave rushed into the beautiful streams.
§21.383αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ Ξάνθοιο δάμη μένος, οἳ μὲν ἔπειτα §21.384παυσάσθην, Ἥρη γὰρ ἐρύκακε χωομένη περ· §21.385ἐν δʼ ἄλλοισι θεοῖσιν ἔρις πέσε βεβριθυῖα §21.386ἀργαλέη, δίχα δέ σφιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἄητο· §21.387σὺν δʼ ἔπεσον μεγάλῳ πατάγῳ, βράχε δʼ εὐρεῖα χθών, §21.388ἀμφὶ δὲ σάλπιγξεν μέγας οὐρανός.
But when the strength of Xanthus was vanquished, the two then ceased, for Hera held them back, though she was wroth; but among the other gods fell strife heavy and grievous, and the spirit in their hearts was blown in diverse directions; and they clashed with a great din, and the wide earth rang, and the great heaven trumpeted around.
ἄϊε δὲ Ζεὺς §21.389ἥμενος Οὐλύμπῳ· ἐγέλασσε δέ οἱ φίλον ἦτορ §21.390γηθοσύνῃ, ὅθʼ ὁρᾶτο θεοὺς ἔριδι ξυνιόντας.
And Zeus heard it as he sat on Olympus, and his heart laughed for joy when he saw the gods coming together in strife.
§21.391ἔνθʼ οἵ γʼ οὐκέτι δηρὸν ἀφέστασαν· ἦρχε γὰρ Ἄρης §21.392ῥινοτόρος, καὶ πρῶτος Ἀθηναίῃ ἐπόρουσε §21.393χάλκεον ἔγχος ἔχων, καὶ ὀνείδειον φάτο μῦθον· §21.394τίπτʼ αὖτʼ ὦ κυνάμυια θεοὺς ἔριδι ξυνελαύνεις §21.395θάρσος ἄητον ἔχουσα, μέγας δέ σε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν;
Then they stood not long apart, for Ares, piercer of shields, led the way, and first rushed upon Athena holding his bronze spear, and spoke words of reviling: "Why now again, you dog-fly, do you clash the gods together in strife with your restless daring, and as your great heart incites you?
§21.396ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ ὅτε Τυδεΐδην Διομήδεʼ ἀνῆκας §21.397οὐτάμεναι, αὐτὴ δὲ πανόψιον ἔγχος ἑλοῦσα §21.398ἰθὺς ἐμεῦ ὦσας, διὰ δὲ χρόα καλὸν ἔδαψας;
Remember you not when you egged on Diomedes, son of Tydeus, to wound me, and yourself taking the spear in all men's sight did drive it straight against me and tear my fair flesh?
§21.399τώ σʼ αὖ νῦν ὀΐω ἀποτισέμεν ὅσσα ἔοργας. §21.400ὣς εἰπὼν οὔτησε κατʼ αἰγίδα θυσσανόεσσαν §21.401σμερδαλέην, ἣν οὐδὲ Διὸς δάμνησι κεραυνός· §21.402τῇ μιν Ἄρης οὔτησε μιαιφόνος ἔγχεϊ μακρῷ.
Therefore now I deem you shall pay for all that you have wrought." So saying, he smote upon her tasselled aegis, terrible, which not even the lightning of Zeus can subdue; thereon blood-stained Ares smote with his long spear.
§21.403ἣ δʼ ἀναχασσαμένη λίθον εἵλετο χειρὶ παχείῃ
But she, drawing back, seized with her stout hand a stone

Notes

  1. 21.339ἀποτρεπέτω — Third-person singular present imperative. The subject is the preceding "αὐτόν" (the River Xanthus), and the object is the accusative "σε" (Hephaestus). The context means "do not let him (the River) turn you back with gentle words or threats."
  2. 21.356ἲς ποταμοῖο — The subject. Literally "the strength of the River," which is a metonymic expression referring to the River god Xanthus himself.
  3. 21.360τί μοι ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς; — Using the dative of interest "μοι" and the genitives of relation "ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς," this forms a rhetorical question: "What have I to do with strife and helping?" (meaning "they are of no concern to me").
  4. 21.369ἐξ ἄλλων — Prepositional phrase. Meaning "differently from others" or "distinctly from all others," expressing Xanthus's complaint about why he is being singled out by Hephaestus's attack.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §21.338-21.403. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.338-21.403

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