Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §21.270-21.337

Divine Intervention against Scamander's Flood

Passage 189 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Achilles struggles against the fierce onslaught of the River Scamander and prays to Zeus, but Poseidon and Athena encourage him. Scamander then enlists the aid of Simois to overwhelm Achilles, prompting Hera to call upon Hephaestus to intervene with fire to save him.

§21.270θυμῷ ἀνιάζων· ποταμὸς δʼ ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἐδάμνα §21.271λάβρος ὕπαιθα ῥέων, κονίην δʼ ὑπέρεπτε ποδοῖιν.
vexed in his heart; and the River kept wearing out his knees from beneath, flowing violently from beneath, and kept scraping away the earth from under his feet.
§21.272Πηλεΐδης δʼ ᾤμωξεν ἰδὼν εἰς οὐρανὸν εὐρύν· §21.273Ζεῦ πάτερ ὡς οὔ τίς με θεῶν ἐλεεινὸν ὑπέστη §21.274ἐκ ποταμοῖο σαῶσαι·
And the son of Peleus groaned, looking into the broad heaven: "Father Zeus, how is it that no one of the gods has undertaken to save me in my pity from the River!
ἔπειτα δὲ καί τι πάθοιμι.
After that, let me even suffer anything.
§21.275ἄλλος δʼ οὔ τις μοι τόσον αἴτιος Οὐρανιώνων, §21.276ἀλλὰ φίλη μήτηρ, ἥ με ψεύδεσσιν ἔθελγεν· §21.277ἥ μʼ ἔφατο Τρώων ὑπὸ τείχεϊ θωρηκτάων §21.278λαιψηροῖς ὀλέεσθαι Ἀπόλλωνος βελέεσσιν.
No other of the heavenly ones is so much to blame in my eyes, but my dear mother, who beguiled me with falsehoods; she said that beneath the wall of the armored Trojans I should perish by the swift arrows of Apollo.
§21.279ὥς μʼ ὄφελʼ Ἕκτωρ κτεῖναι ὃς ἐνθάδε γʼ ἔτραφʼ ἄριστος· §21.280τώ κʼ ἀγαθὸς μὲν ἔπεφνʼ, ἀγαθὸν δέ κεν ἐξενάριξε·
Would that Hector had slain me, the best of those bred here; then a brave man would have slain, and a brave man would he have despoiled.
§21.281νῦν δέ με λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ εἵμαρτο ἁλῶναι §21.282ἐρχθέντʼ ἐν μεγάλῳ ποταμῷ ὡς παῖδα συφορβόν, §21.283ὅν ῥά τʼ ἔναυλος ἀποέρσῃ χειμῶνι περῶντα. §21.284ὣς φάτο, τῷ δὲ μάλʼ ὦκα Ποσειδάων καὶ Ἀθήνη §21.285στήτην ἐγγὺς ἰόντε, δέμας δʼ ἄνδρεσσιν ἐΐκτην, §21.286χειρὶ δὲ χεῖρα λαβόντες ἐπιστώσαντʼ ἐπέεσσι.
But now it is my fate to be caught by a miserable death, pent in a great river like a swineherd boy, whom a torrent sweeps away as he crosses it in winter." So he spoke, and very quickly Poseidon and Athena came near and stood by him, in form like to men, and taking his hand in their hands, they reassured him with words.
§21.287τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων· §21.288Πηλεΐδη μήτʼ ἄρ τι λίην τρέε μήτέ τι τάρβει· §21.289τοίω γάρ τοι νῶϊ θεῶν ἐπιταρρόθω εἰμὲν §21.290Ζηνὸς ἐπαινήσαντος ἐγὼ καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη· §21.291ὡς οὔ τοι ποταμῷ γε δαμήμεναι αἴσιμόν ἐστιν, §21.292ἀλλʼ ὅδε μὲν τάχα λωφήσει, σὺ δὲ εἴσεαι αὐτός·
And among them Poseidon, the shaker of earth, was first to speak: "Son of Peleus, tremble not too much, neither be afraid; for such helpers are we two to you from among the gods, with the approval of Zeus, even I and Pallas Athena; so it is not your fate to be vanquished by a river, but he shall soon abate, and you shall yourself know it.
§21.293αὐτάρ τοι πυκινῶς ὑποθησόμεθʼ αἴ κε πίθηαι· §21.294μὴ πρὶν παύειν χεῖρας ὁμοιΐου πολέμοιο §21.295πρὶν κατὰ Ἰλιόφι κλυτὰ τείχεα λαὸν ἐέλσαι §21.296Τρωϊκόν, ὅς κε φύγῃσι· σὺ δʼ Ἕκτορι θυμὸν ἀπούρας §21.297ἂψ ἐπὶ νῆας ἴμεν· δίδομεν δέ τοι εὖχος ἀρέσθαι. §21.298τὼ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰπόντε μετʼ ἀθανάτους ἀπεβήτην· §21.299αὐτὰρ ὃ βῆ, μέγα γάρ ῥα θεῶν ὄτρυνεν ἐφετμή, §21.300ἐς πεδίον· τὸ δὲ πᾶν πλῆθʼ ὕδατος ἐκχυμένοιο, §21.301πολλὰ δὲ τεύχεα καλὰ δαὶ κταμένων αἰζηῶν §21.302πλῶον καὶ νέκυες· τοῦ δʼ ὑψόσε γούνατʼ ἐπήδα §21.303πρὸς ῥόον ἀΐσσοντος ἀνʼ ἰθύν, οὐδέ μιν ἴσχεν §21.304εὐρὺ ῥέων ποταμός· μέγα γὰρ σθένος ἔμβαλʼ Ἀθήνη.
But we will give you wise counsel, if you will obey: cease not your hands from equally-shared war until you have penned the Trojan host within Ilium's famous walls, whoever of them shall escape; but when you have reft Hector of life, go back to the ships; and we grant you to win glory." The two, having thus spoken, went away to the immortals; but he went on—for the command of the gods urged him greatly— into the plain; and it was all filled with flooded water, and many fair arms of slain youths and corpses were floating; but his knees leapt high as he rushed straight against the flood, nor did it hold him back, the wide-flowing river; for Athena had put great strength into him.
§21.305οὐδὲ Σκάμανδρος ἔληγε τὸ ὃν μένος, ἀλλʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον §21.306χώετο Πηλεΐωνι, κόρυσσε δὲ κῦμα ῥόοιο §21.307ὑψόσʼ ἀειρόμενος, Σιμόεντι δὲ κέκλετʼ ἀΰσας· §21.308φίλε κασίγνητε σθένος ἀνέρος ἀμφότεροί περ §21.309σχῶμεν, ἐπεὶ τάχα ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος §21.310ἐκπέρσει, Τρῶες δὲ κατὰ μόθον οὐ μενέουσιν.
Nor did Scamander stay his own wrath, but even more was he wroth with the son of Peleus, and he crested the wave of his flood, lifting himself on high, and called to Simois with a shout: "Dear brother, the strength of this man let us both hold back, since soon he will utterly sack the great city of king Priam, and the Trojans will not abide in the battle.
§21.311ἀλλʼ ἐπάμυνε τάχιστα, καὶ ἐμπίπληθι ῥέεθρα §21.312ὕδατος ἐκ πηγέων, πάντας δʼ ὀρόθυνον ἐναύλους, §21.313ἵστη δὲ μέγα κῦμα, πολὺν δʼ ὀρυμαγδὸν ὄρινε §21.314φιτρῶν καὶ λάων, ἵνα παύσομεν ἄγριον ἄνδρα §21.315ὃς δὴ νῦν κρατέει, μέμονεν δʼ ὅ γε ἶσα θεοῖσι.
But bring help with all speed, and fill your streams with water from your springs, and rouse all your torrents, and raise up a great wave, and stir up a great din of logs and stones, that we may stay this wild man who now has sway and rages even as a god.
§21.316φημὶ γὰρ οὔτε βίην χραισμησέμεν οὔτέ τι εἶδος §21.317οὔτε τὰ τεύχεα καλά, τά που μάλα νειόθι λίμνης §21.318κείσεθʼ ὑπʼ ἰλύος κεκαλυμμένα· κὰδ δέ μιν αὐτὸν §21.319εἰλύσω ψαμάθοισιν ἅλις χέραδος περιχεύας §21.320μυρίον, οὐδέ οἱ ὀστέʼ ἐπιστήσονται Ἀχαιοὶ §21.321ἀλλέξαι· τόσσην οἱ ἄσιν καθύπερθε καλύψω.
For I say that neither his strength shall avail him, nor yet his beauty, nor his beautiful armor, which somewhere deep beneath the mere shall lie covered over with slime; and himself I will envelop in sands, pouring over him shingle past measuring, so that the Achaeans shall not know where to gather his bones, so great a heap of silt will I cover over him.
§21.322αὐτοῦ οἱ καὶ σῆμα τετεύξεται, οὐδέ τί μιν χρεὼ §21.323ἔσται τυμβοχόης, ὅτε μιν θάπτωσιν Ἀχαιοί. §21.324ἦ, καὶ ἐπῶρτʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ κυκώμενος ὑψόσε θύων §21.325μορμύρων ἀφρῷ τε καὶ αἵματι καὶ νεκύεσσι.
There too shall his tomb be built, nor shall he have any need of a mound of earth, when the Achaeans bury him." He spoke, and rushed upon Achilles, in a tumult, raging on high, murmuring with foam and blood and corpses.
§21.326πορφύρεον δʼ ἄρα κῦμα διιπετέος ποταμοῖο §21.327ἵστατʼ ἀειρόμενον, κατὰ δʼ ᾕρεε Πηλεΐωνα·
And the purple wave of the rain-fed river stood rising on high, and was taking down the son of Peleus.
§21.328Ἥρη δὲ μέγʼ ἄϋσε περιδείσασʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ §21.329μή μιν ἀποέρσειε μέγας ποταμὸς βαθυδίνης, §21.330αὐτίκα δʼ Ἥφαιστον προσεφώνεεν ὃν φίλον υἱόν· §21.331ὄρσεο κυλλοπόδιον ἐμὸν τέκος·
But Hera cried out aloud, fearing greatly for Achilles, lest the great deep-eddying River should sweep him away; and straightway she spoke to Hephaestus, her own dear son: "Rouse you, lamefoot, my child!
ἄντα σέθεν γὰρ §21.332Ξάνθον δινήεντα μάχῃ ἠΐσκομεν εἶναι· §21.333ἀλλʼ ἐπάμυνε τάχιστα, πιφαύσκεο δὲ φλόγα πολλήν.
For against you we deemed eddying Xanthus to be a match in fight; but bring help with all speed, and show forth a great flame.
§21.334αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ Ζεφύροιο καὶ ἀργεστᾶο Νότοιο §21.335εἴσομαι ἐξ ἁλόθεν χαλεπὴν ὄρσουσα θύελλαν, §21.336ἥ κεν ἀπὸ Τρώων κεφαλὰς καὶ τεύχεα κήαι §21.337φλέγμα κακὸν φορέουσα·
But I will go and rouse from the sea a fierce tempest of Zephyrus and clearing Notus, which shall burn the heads and armor of the Trojans, carrying an evil flame.
σὺ δὲ Ξάνθοιο παρʼ ὄχθας
But you along the banks of Xanthus..."

Notes

  1. §21.274ἔπειτα δὲ καί τι πάθοιμι — Optative of wish or potential expressing a concessive desire: "after that, may I suffer even anything." This emphasizes that once his primary prayer of being saved from the river is granted, he is prepared to face any fate, even death.
  2. §21.279ὥς μʼ ὄφελʼ Ἕκτωρ κτεῖναι — An expression of an unattainable past wish, utilizing ὤφελον (aorist of ὀφείλω) followed by the infinitive κτεῖναι: "Would that Hector had slain me (which did not happen)."
  3. §21.282ἐρχθέντʼ — The elided form of ἐρχθέντα, which is the passive aorist participle (masculine singular accusative) of εἴργω ("to pent/shut in"). Syntactically, it agrees with the pronoun με ("me") in the main clause, meaning "having been shut in/pent."
  4. §21.314ἵνα παύσομεν — Following the purpose conjunction ἵνα, the verb is either a future indicative or a short-vowel aorist subjunctive (Homeric dialect) παύσομεν, expressing a certain and intended future purpose: "in order that we shall stop/stay (him)."

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §21.270-21.337. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.270-21.337

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