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Homer · Iliad §15.405-15.472

Battle at the Ships and Teucer's Broken Bowstring

Passage 135 of 226 · Greek

Summary

After Patroclus departs, the Achaeans and Trojans fight in a deadlock, and Hector clashes with Ajax over a ship. Teucer shoots enemies with his bow, but when aiming at Hector, Zeus snaps his bowstring.

§15.405τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰπόντα πόδες φέρον· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ §15.406Τρῶας ἐπερχομένους μένον ἔμπεδον, οὐδʼ ἐδύναντο §15.407παυροτέρους περ ἐόντας ἀπώσασθαι παρὰ νηῶν·
Thus he spoke, and his feet bore him away; but the Achaeans awaited the oncoming Trojans steadfastly, yet they were not able to thrust them back from the ships, though they were fewer.
§15.408οὐδέ ποτε Τρῶες Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο φάλαγγας §15.409ῥηξάμενοι κλισίῃσι μιγήμεναι ἠδὲ νέεσσιν.
Nor could the Trojans ever break the phalanxes of the Danaans and mingle among the huts and the ships.
§15.410ἀλλʼ ὥς τε στάθμη δόρυ νήϊον ἐξιθύνει §15.411τέκτονος ἐν παλάμῃσι δαήμονος, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης §15.412εὖ εἰδῇ σοφίης ὑποθημοσύνῃσιν Ἀθήνης, §15.413ὣς μὲν τῶν ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο πτόλεμός τε·
But as a line makes straight a ship's timber in the hands of a skilled craftsman, who knows well all manner of wisdom by the promptings of Athena; even so was their battle and war stretched equal.
§15.414ἄλλοι δʼ ἀμφʼ ἄλλῃσι μάχην ἐμάχοντο νέεσσιν, §15.415Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἄντʼ Αἴαντος ἐείσατο κυδαλίμοιο.
Others were fighting in battle about the other ships, but Hector went straight against glorious Ajax.
§15.416τὼ δὲ μιῆς περὶ νηὸς ἔχον πόνον, οὐδὲ δύναντο §15.417οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν ἐξελάσαι καὶ ἐνιπρῆσαι πυρὶ νῆα §15.418οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν ἂψ ὤσασθαι, ἐπεί ῥʼ ἐπέλασσέ γε δαίμων.
And these two had toil over one ship, nor could the one drive the other off and burn the ship with fire, nor the other thrust him back, since a god had brought him near.
§15.419ἔνθʼ υἷα Κλυτίοιο Καλήτορα φαίδιμος Αἴας §15.420πῦρ ἐς νῆα φέροντα κατὰ στῆθος βάλε δουρί.
There glorious Ajax smote Caletor, son of Clytius, with his spear in the breast as he was bringing fire to the ship.
§15.421δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, δαλὸς δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός.
And he fell with a thud, and the brand fell from his hand.
§15.422Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς ἐνόησεν ἀνεψιὸν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν §15.423ἐν κονίῃσι πεσόντα νεὸς προπάροιθε μελαίνης, §15.424Τρωσί τε καὶ Λυκίοισιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· §15.425Τρῶες καὶ Λύκιοι καὶ Δάρδανοι ἀγχιμαχηταὶ §15.426μὴ δή πω χάζεσθε μάχης ἐν στείνεϊ τῷδε, §15.427ἀλλʼ υἷα Κλυτίοιο σαώσατε, μή μιν Ἀχαιοὶ §15.428τεύχεα συλήσωσι νεῶν ἐν ἀγῶνι πεσόντα. §15.429ὣς εἰπὼν Αἴαντος ἀκόντισε δουρὶ φαεινῷ.
But Hector, when he perceived with his eyes his cousin fallen in the dust before the black ship, called to the Trojans and Lycians with a loud shout: "Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians that fight hand to hand, shrink not from the fight in this strait of the battle, but save the son of Clytius, lest the Achaeans strip of his armor, now that he has fallen in the gathering of the ships." So saying, he cast at Ajax with his bright spear.
§15.430τοῦ μὲν ἅμαρθʼ, ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα Λυκόφρονα Μάστορος υἱὸν §15.431Αἴαντος θεράποντα Κυθήριον, ὅς ῥα παρʼ αὐτῷ §15.432ναῖʼ, ἐπεὶ ἄνδρα κατέκτα Κυθήροισι ζαθέοισι, §15.433τόν ῥʼ ἔβαλεν κεφαλὴν ὑπὲρ οὔατος ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ §15.434ἑσταότʼ ἄγχʼ Αἴαντος· ὃ δʼ ὕπτιος ἐν κονίῃσι §15.435νηὸς ἄπο πρυμνῆς χαμάδις πέσε, λύντο δὲ γυῖα.
Him he missed, but Lycophron, son of Mastor, a squire of Ajax from Cythera, who dwelt with him since he had slain a man in sacred Cythera— him he smote upon the head above the ear with the sharp bronze, as he stood near Ajax; and backward in the dust he fell to the ground from the stern of the ship, and his limbs were loosed.
§15.436Αἴας δʼ ἐρρίγησε, κασίγνητον δὲ προσηύδα· §15.437Τεῦκρε πέπον δὴ νῶϊν ἀπέκτατο πιστὸς ἑταῖρος §15.438Μαστορίδης, ὃν νῶϊ Κυθηρόθεν ἔνδον ἐόντα §15.439ἶσα φίλοισι τοκεῦσιν ἐτίομεν ἐν μεγάροισι·
And Ajax shuddered, and spoke to his brother: "Dear Teucer, our faithful companion is slain indeed, the son of Mastor, whom when he was with us, coming from Cythera, we honored in our halls even as our own parents.
§15.440τὸν δʼ Ἕκτωρ μεγάθυμος ἀπέκτανε.
Him high-hearted Hector has slain.
ποῦ νύ τοι ἰοὶ §15.441ὠκύμοροι καὶ τόξον ὅ τοι πόρε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων; §15.442ὣς φάθʼ, ὃ δὲ ξυνέηκε, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη, §15.443τόξον ἔχων ἐν χειρὶ παλίντονον ἠδὲ φαρέτρην §15.444ἰοδόκον· μάλα δʼ ὦκα βέλεα Τρώεσσιν ἐφίει.
Where now are thy arrows of swift death, and the bow that Phoebus Apollo gave thee?" So he spoke, and Teucer heard, and ran and stood close by him, holding in his hand his bent-back bow and the quiver that held arrows; and very swiftly he let fly his shafts upon the Trojans.
§15.445καί ῥʼ ἔβαλε Κλεῖτον Πεισήνορος ἀγλαὸν υἱὸν §15.446Πουλυδάμαντος ἑταῖρον ἀγαυοῦ Πανθοΐδαο §15.447ἡνία χερσὶν ἔχοντα· ὃ μὲν πεπόνητο καθʼ ἵππους·
And he smote Cleitus, the glorious son of Peisenor, companion of Polydamas, the lordly son of Panthous, as he held the reins in his hands; he was busy with his horses.
§15.448τῇ γὰρ ἔχʼ ᾗ ῥα πολὺ πλεῖσται κλονέοντο φάλαγγες §15.449Ἕκτορι καὶ Τρώεσσι χαριζόμενος· τάχα δʼ αὐτῷ §15.450ἦλθε κακόν, τό οἱ οὔ τις ἐρύκακεν ἱεμένων περ.
For he held them there where the phalanxes were being most confounded, to do pleasure to Hector and the Trojans; but quickly to him came evil, which no one could ward off from him, though they wished it.
§15.451αὐχένι γάρ οἱ ὄπισθε πολύστονος ἔμπεσεν ἰός· §15.452ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπερώησαν δέ οἱ ἵπποι §15.453κείνʼ ὄχεα κροτέοντες.
For upon his neck behind fell the arrow fraught with groans; and he fell from the chariot, and the horses swerved aside, rattling the empty car.
ἄναξ δʼ ἐνόησε τάχιστα §15.454Πουλυδάμας, καὶ πρῶτος ἐναντίος ἤλυθεν ἵππων.
And the lord Polydamas saw it at once, and was the first to go to meet the horses.
§15.455τοὺς μὲν ὅ γʼ Ἀστυνόῳ Προτιάονος υἱέϊ δῶκε, §15.456πολλὰ δʼ ἐπότρυνε σχεδὸν ἴσχειν εἰσορόωντα §15.457ἵππους· αὐτὸς δʼ αὖτις ἰὼν προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη.
These he gave to Astynous, son of Protiaon, and strictly charged him to keep the horses near at hand, watching them; and he himself went back and mingled with the foremost fighters.
§15.458Τεῦκρος δʼ ἄλλον ὀϊστὸν ἐφʼ Ἕκτορι χαλκοκορυστῇ §15.459αἴνυτο, καί κεν ἔπαυσε μάχης ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν, §15.460εἴ μιν ἀριστεύοντα βαλὼν ἐξείλετο θυμόν.
Then Teucer took another arrow for Hector clad in bronze, and would have made him cease from battle at the ships of the Achaeans, if he had smitten him while doing valiantly, and taken away his life.
§15.461ἀλλʼ οὐ λῆθε Διὸς πυκινὸν νόον, ὅς ῥʼ ἐφύλασσεν §15.462Ἕκτορʼ, ἀτὰρ Τεῦκρον Τελαμώνιον εὖχος ἀπηύρα, §15.463ὅς οἱ ἐϋστρεφέα νευρὴν ἐν ἀμύμονι τόξῳ §15.464ῥῆξʼ ἐπὶ τῷ ἐρύοντι· παρεπλάγχθη δέ οἱ ἄλλῃ §15.465ἰὸς χαλκοβαρής, τόξον δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός.
But he escaped not the close mind of Zeus, who watched over Hector, and robbed Teucer, son of Telamon, of his glory, who snapped the well-twisted string on his noble bow as he was drawing it against him; and the arrow heavy with bronze was turned aside, and the bow fell from his hand.
§15.466Τεῦκρος δʼ ἐρρίγησε, κασίγνητον δὲ προσηύδα· §15.467ὢ πόποι ἦ δὴ πάγχυ μάχης ἐπὶ μήδεα κείρει §15.468δαίμων ἡμετέρης, ὅ τέ μοι βιὸν ἔκβαλε χειρός, §15.469νευρὴν δʼ ἐξέρρηξε νεόστροφον, ἣν ἐνέδησα §15.470πρώϊον, ὄφρʼ ἀνέχοιτο θαμὰ θρῴσκοντας ὀϊστούς. §15.471τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα μέγας Τελαμώνιος Αἴας· §15.472ὦ πέπον ἀλλὰ βιὸν μὲν ἔα καὶ ταρφέας ἰοὺς
And Teucer shuddered, and spoke to his brother: "Ah, indeed, a god is utterly cutting off the counsels of our battle, who has cast the bow from my hand, and has broken the newly-twisted cord which I bound on this morning, that it might hold out against the thick-falling arrows." Then great Ajax, son of Telamon, answered him: "Dear brother, let thy bow lie, and thy many arrows,

Notes

  1. 15.417οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν... οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν... — The articles ὅ and τόν are used as demonstrative pronouns. In line 417, ὃ refers to Hector and τὸν to Ajax, while in line 418, ὃ refers to Ajax and τὸν to Hector, expressing a mutual deadlock where neither can dislodge the other.
  2. 15.450ἱεμένων περ — The genitive plural participle ἱεμένων ('eagerly desiring') is used without an explicit noun. It refers to the surrounding Trojan warriors (or bystanders) who 'were eager to ward off' the disaster, requiring the subject of the genitive absolute or participle modifier to be supplied from the context.
  3. 15.459καί κεν ἔπαυσε... εἴ μιν... ἐξείλετο — This is a past contrary-to-fact conditional construction (past unreal), consisting of an apodosis with a past indicative and the particle κεν (equivalent to ἄν) (ἔπαυσε) and a protasis with εἰ and a past indicative (ἐξείλετο). It indicates an event that would have happened but did not.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §15.405-15.472. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:15.405-15.472

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