Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §1.138-1.203

The Wrath of Achilles and Athena's Intervention

Passage 3 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Agamemnon threatens to seize Achilles' prize, prompting an enraged Achilles to denounce the expedition's unfairness and announce his departure. As Achilles prepares to draw his sword, Athena, sent by Hera, intervenes to stop him.

§1.138ἢ τεὸν ἢ Αἴαντος ἰὼν γέρας, ἢ Ὀδυσῆος §1.139ἄξω ἑλών· ὃ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι.
Or indeed I will go and take either your prize, or that of Ajax, or that of Odysseus and lead it away; and he whom I visit will be angered.
§1.140ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα μεταφρασόμεσθα καὶ αὖτις, §1.141νῦν δʼ ἄγε νῆα μέλαιναν ἐρύσσομεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν, §1.142ἐν δʼ ἐρέτας ἐπιτηδὲς ἀγείρομεν, ἐς δʼ ἑκατόμβην §1.143θείομεν, ἂν δʼ αὐτὴν Χρυσηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον §1.144βήσομεν· εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνὴρ βουληφόρος ἔστω, §1.145ἢ Αἴας ἢ Ἰδομενεὺς ἢ δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς §1.146ἠὲ σὺ Πηλεΐδη πάντων ἐκπαγλότατʼ ἀνδρῶν, §1.147ὄφρʼ ἥμιν ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι ἱερὰ ῥέξας. §1.148τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς· §1.149ὤ μοι ἀναιδείην ἐπιειμένε κερδαλεόφρον §1.150πῶς τίς τοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν πείθηται Ἀχαιῶν
But indeed we will consider these things again hereafter, but now let us draw a black ship into the divine sea, and let us gather suitable rowers within, and place a hecatomb embark, and let us make beautiful-cheeked Chryseis herself embark; and let there be one counselor as leader, either Ajax, or Idomeneus, or noble Odysseus, or you, son of Peleus, most terrifying of all men, so that you may appease the far-worker for us by performing sacrifices." Then looking at him fiercely swift-footed Achilles addressed him: "Ah me, clothed in shamelessness, minded for gain, how shall any of the Achaeans readily obey your words either to go on a journey or to fight mightily against men?
§1.151ἢ ὁδὸν ἐλθέμεναι ἢ ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μάχεσθαι; §1.152οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ Τρώων ἕνεκʼ ἤλυθον αἰχμητάων §1.153δεῦρο μαχησόμενος, ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν· §1.154οὐ γὰρ πώποτʼ ἐμὰς βοῦς ἤλασαν οὐδὲ μὲν ἵππους, §1.155οὐδέ ποτʼ ἐν Φθίῃ ἐριβώλακι βωτιανείρῃ §1.156καρπὸν ἐδηλήσαντʼ, ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα πολλὰ μεταξὺ §1.157οὔρεά τε σκιόεντα θάλασσά τε ἠχήεσσα· §1.158ἀλλὰ σοὶ ὦ μέγʼ ἀναιδὲς ἅμʼ ἑσπόμεθʼ ὄφρα σὺ χαίρῃς, §1.159τιμὴν ἀρνύμενοι Μενελάῳ σοί τε κυνῶπα §1.160πρὸς Τρώων· τῶν οὔ τι μετατρέπῃ οὐδʼ ἀλεγίζεις· §1.161καὶ δή μοι γέρας αὐτὸς ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς, §1.162ᾧ ἔπι πολλὰ μόγησα, δόσαν δέ μοι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν.
For I did not come here because of the spear-wielding Trojans to fight, since they are in no way to blame as far as I am concerned; for never yet did they drive away my cattle nor my horses, nor did they ever in deep-soiled Phthia, breeder of men, damage the harvest, since indeed very many shadowy mountains and the sounding sea lie between; but we followed you, O greatly shameless one, so that you might rejoice, seeking to win recompense from the Trojans for Menelaus and for you, dog-faced one; of these things you take no turn nor care; and now indeed you threaten that you yourself will take away my prize, for which I labored much, and which the sons of the Achaeans gave to me.
§1.163οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας ὁππότʼ Ἀχαιοὶ §1.164Τρώων ἐκπέρσωσʼ εὖ ναιόμενον πτολίεθρον· §1.165ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν πλεῖον πολυάϊκος πολέμοιο §1.166χεῖρες ἐμαὶ διέπουσʼ· ἀτὰρ ἤν ποτε δασμὸς ἵκηται, §1.167σοὶ τὸ γέρας πολὺ μεῖζον, ἐγὼ δʼ ὀλίγον τε φίλον τε §1.168ἔρχομʼ ἔχων ἐπὶ νῆας, ἐπεί κε κάμω πολεμίζων.
Never indeed do I have a prize equal to yours whenever the Achaeans sack a well-inhabited city of the Trojans; but my hands direct the greater part of the furious war; yet if ever a distribution comes, your prize is much greater, while I go to my ships holding something small and dear, when I have grown weary of fighting.
§1.169νῦν δʼ εἶμι Φθίην δʼ, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολὺ φέρτερόν ἐστιν §1.170οἴκαδʼ ἴμεν σὺν νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν, οὐδέ σʼ ὀΐω §1.171ἐνθάδʼ ἄτιμος ἐὼν ἄφενος καὶ πλοῦτον ἀφύξειν. §1.172τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων· §1.173φεῦγε μάλʼ εἴ τοι θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται, οὐδέ σʼ ἔγωγε §1.174λίσσομαι εἵνεκʼ ἐμεῖο μένειν· πάρʼ ἔμοιγε καὶ ἄλλοι §1.175οἵ κέ με τιμήσουσι, μάλιστα δὲ μητίετα Ζεύς.
And now I will go to Phthia, since indeed it is much better to go home with my curved ships, nor do I think that I, being dishonored here, will draw abundance and wealth for you." Then the king of men, Agamemnon, answered him: "Flee by all means if your heart urges you, nor do I entreat you to stay for my sake; other men are by my side who will honor me, and most of all counseling Zeus.
§1.176ἔχθιστος δέ μοί ἐσσι διοτρεφέων βασιλήων· §1.177αἰεὶ γάρ τοι ἔρις τε φίλη πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε· §1.178εἰ μάλα καρτερός ἐσσι, θεός που σοὶ τό γʼ ἔδωκεν· §1.179οἴκαδʼ ἰὼν σὺν νηυσί τε σῇς καὶ σοῖς ἑτάροισι §1.180Μυρμιδόνεσσιν ἄνασσε, σέθεν δʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ ἀλεγίζω, §1.181οὐδʼ ὄθομαι κοτέοντος· ἀπειλήσω δέ τοι ὧδε· §1.182ὡς ἔμʼ ἀφαιρεῖται Χρυσηΐδα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων, §1.183τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σὺν νηΐ τʼ ἐμῇ καὶ ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι §1.184πέμψω, ἐγὼ δέ κʼ ἄγω Βρισηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον §1.185αὐτὸς ἰὼν κλισίην δὲ τὸ σὸν γέρας ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς §1.186ὅσσον φέρτερός εἰμι σέθεν, στυγέῃ δὲ καὶ ἄλλος §1.187ἶσον ἐμοὶ φάσθαι καὶ ὁμοιωθήμεναι ἄντην. §1.188ὣς φάτο· Πηλεΐωνι δʼ ἄχος γένετʼ, ἐν δέ οἱ ἦτορ §1.189στήθεσσιν λασίοισι διάνδιχα μερμήριξεν, §1.190ἢ ὅ γε φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ §1.191τοὺς μὲν ἀναστήσειεν, ὃ δʼ Ἀτρεΐδην ἐναρίζοι, §1.192ἦε χόλον παύσειεν ἐρητύσειέ τε θυμόν.
You are most hateful to me of the kings nurtured by Zeus; for always strife is dear to you, and wars and battles; if you are very strong, a god, I think, gave this to you; going home with your ships and your companions, rule over the Myrmidons, but of you I take no care, nor do I trouble about you being angry; but I will threaten you thus: since Phoebus Apollo is taking Chryseis from me, her indeed I will send with my ship and my companions, but I will lead away beautiful-cheeked Briseis myself, going to your shelter, even your prize, so that you may well know how much superior I am to you, and another may dread to speak as an equal with me and to liken himself to me face to face." So he spoke; and grief came upon the son of Peleus, and his heart within his shaggy breast debated two ways, whether he should draw his sharp sword from beside his thigh and make the others rise up, and slay the son of Atreus, or make his anger cease and restrain his spirit.
§1.193ἧος ὃ ταῦθʼ ὥρμαινε κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν, §1.194ἕλκετο δʼ ἐκ κολεοῖο μέγα ξίφος, ἦλθε δʼ Ἀθήνη §1.195οὐρανόθεν· πρὸ γὰρ ἧκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη §1.196ἄμφω ὁμῶς θυμῷ φιλέουσά τε κηδομένη τε· §1.197στῆ δʼ ὄπιθεν, ξανθῆς δὲ κόμης ἕλε Πηλεΐωνα §1.198οἴῳ φαινομένη· τῶν δʼ ἄλλων οὔ τις ὁρᾶτο· §1.199θάμβησεν δʼ Ἀχιλεύς, μετὰ δʼ ἐτράπετʼ, αὐτίκα δʼ ἔγνω §1.200Παλλάδʼ Ἀθηναίην· δεινὼ δέ οἱ ὄσσε φάανθεν· §1.201καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
While he was pondering these things in his mind and in his spirit, and was drawing his great sword from its sheath, Athena came from heaven; for the white-armed goddess Hera sent her ahead, loving and caring for both of them alike in her heart; she stood behind him, and by his golden hair she took the son of Peleus, appearing to him alone; and of the others no one saw her; and Achilles was astonished, and turned around, and immediately recognized Pallas Athena; and her eyes flashed terribly; and speaking to her he addressed her with winged words: "Why again, child of aegis-bearing Zeus, have you come?
§1.202τίπτʼ αὖτʼ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος εἰλήλουθας; §1.203ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος Ἀτρεΐδαο;
Is it so that you might see the outrage of Agamemnon, son of Atreus?"

Notes

  1. 1.139ὃ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι — The future perfect κεχολώσεται functions here as a emphatic or immediate future expressing certainty ('he will be angered straightway'). The relative pronoun ὅν is in the accusative case as the direct object of ἵκωμαι, indicating the person to whom Agamemnon will go.
  2. 1.150πείθηται — This is a deliberative subjunctive expressing incredulity or refusal in a rhetorical question ('how could any of the Achaeans readily obey...?').
  3. 1.171ἄτιμος ἐὼν ἄφενος καὶ πλοῦτον ἀφύξειν — The participle ἄτιμος ἐὼν is in the nominative case, agreeing with the unexpressed subject of the infinitive ἀφύξειν, which is 'I' (Achilles). Thus, the meaning is 'I, being dishonored here, do not intend to draw wealth for you'.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §1.138-1.203. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.138-1.203

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