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Sophocles · Oedipus Rex §80-157

Creon Reports the Oracle and Oedipus's Vow

Passage 2 of 19 · Greek

Summary

Creon returns from Apollo's oracle with a command to purify the land by punishing the murderers of the former king Laius. Oedipus vows to investigate the truth and seek vengeance, and the Chorus sings of their dread upon the arrival of the oracle.

§80ὦναξ Ἄπολλον, εἰ γὰρ ἐν τύχῃ γέ τῳ §81σωτῆρι βαίη λαμπρὸς ὥσπερ ὄμματι
Lord Apollo, may he come with some saving fortune, bright as his eye!
§82ἀλλʼ εἰκάσαι μέν, ἡδύς· οὐ γὰρ ἂν κάρα §83πολυστεφὴς ὧδʼ εἷρπε παγκάρπου δάφνης.
But to guess, he brings joy; for otherwise he would not approach thus, his head thickly crowned with all-fruitful laurel.
§84τάχʼ εἰσόμεσθα· ξύμμετρος γὰρ ὡς κλύειν.
We shall soon know; for he is at a distance to hear us.
§85ἄναξ, ἐμὸν κήδευμα, παῖ Μενοικέως, §86τίνʼ ἡμὶν ἥκεις τοῦ θεοῦ φήμην φέρων;
Lord, my kinsman, son of Menoeceus, what message of the god have you come bringing to us?
§87ἐσθλήν· λέγω γὰρ καὶ τὰ δύσφορʼ, εἰ τύχοι §88κατʼ ὀρθὸν ἐξελθόντα, πάντʼ ἂν εὐτυχεῖν.
Good news; for I say that even difficult things, if they should happen to turn out aright, would all be fortunate.
§89ἔστιν δὲ ποῖον τοὔπος;
But what is the word?
οὔτε γὰρ θρασὺς §90οὔτʼ οὖν προδείσας εἰμὶ τῷ γε νῦν λόγῳ.
For as yet I am neither confident nor premature in fear at your speech.
§91εἰ τῶνδε χρῄζεις πλησιαζόντων κλύειν, §92ἕτοιμος εἰπεῖν, εἴτε καὶ στείχειν ἔσω.
If you wish to hear while these are standing near, I am ready to speak, or else to go inside.
§93ἐς πάντας αὔδα· τῶνδε γὰρ πλέον φέρω §94τὸ πένθος ἢ καὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ψυχῆς πέρι.
Speak to all; for I bear the grief for these more than for my own life.
§95λέγοιμʼ ἂν οἷʼ ἤκουσα τοῦ θεοῦ πάρα.
I will say what I heard from the god.
§96ἄνωγεν ἡμᾶς Φοῖβος ἐμφανῶς ἄναξ §97μίασμα χώρας, ὡς τεθραμμένον χθονὶ §98ἐν τῇδʼ, ἐλαύνειν μηδʼ ἀνήκεστον τρέφειν.
Lord Phoebus clearly commands us to drive out the pollution of the country, which has been nurtured in this land, and not to cherish it till it is past cure.
§99ποίῳ καθαρμῷ;
By what purification?
τίς ὁ τρόπος τῆς ξυμφορᾶς;
What is the manner of the misfortune?
§100ἀνδρηλατοῦντας ἢ φόνῳ φόνον πάλιν §101λύοντας, ὡς τόδʼ αἷμα χειμάζον πόλιν.
By banishing men, or by expiating blood with blood again, since it is this blood that storms the city.
§102ποίου γὰρ ἀνδρὸς τήνδε μηνύει τύχην;
For which man's fate does he reveal this?
§103ἦν ἡμίν, ὦναξ, Λάϊός ποθʼ ἡγεμὼν §104γῆς τῆσδε, πρὶν σὲ τήνδʼ ἀπευθύνειν πόλιν.
We had, O king, Laius as leader of this land once, before you guided this city.
§105ἔξοιδʼ ἀκούων· οὐ γὰρ εἰσεῖδόν γέ πω.
I know it well by hearsay; for I never saw him.
§106τούτου θανόντος νῦν ἐπιστέλλει σαφῶς §107τοὺς αὐτοέντας χειρὶ τιμωρεῖν τινας.
Now that he is dead, the god clearly commands us to punish certain murderers with hand.
§108οἳ δʼ εἰσὶ ποῦ γῆς;
But where on earth are they?
ποῦ τόδʼ εὑρεθήσεται §109ἴχνος παλαιᾶς δυστέκμαρτον αἰτίας;
Where will this hard-to-trace footprint of an ancient guilt be found?
§110ἐν τῇδʼ ἔφασκε γῇ· τὸ δὲ ζητούμενον §111ἁλωτόν, ἐκφεύγειν δὲ τἀμελούμενον.
He said it was in this land; and what is sought is found, but what is neglected escapes.
§112πότερα δʼ ἐν οἴκοις ἢ ʼν ἀγροῖς ὁ Λάϊος §113ἢ γῆς ἐπʼ ἄλλης τῷδε συμπίπτει φόνῳ;
Was it at home, or in the fields, or in another land, that Laius met with this murder?
§114θεωρός, ὡς ἔφασκεν, ἐκδημῶν, πάλιν §115πρὸς οἶκον οὐκέθʼ ἵκεθʼ, ὡς ἀπεστάλη.
As a sacred messenger, as he said, traveling abroad, he went out and never came back home.
§116οὐδʼ ἄγγελός τις οὐδὲ συμπράκτωρ ὁδοῦ §117κατεῖδʼ, ὅτου τις ἐκμαθὼν ἐχρήσατʼ ἄν;
Did no messenger, or companion of his journey, see it, from whom one might have learned something to use?
§118θνῄσκουσι γάρ, πλὴν εἷς τις, ὃς φόβῳ, φυγὼν §119ὧν εἶδε πλὴν ἓν οὐδὲν εἶχʼ εἰδὼς φράσαι.
For they died, except for one, who, having fled in fear, could tell nothing that he knew of what he saw, except one thing.
§120τὸ ποῖον;
What is that thing?
ἓν γὰρ πόλλʼ ἂν ἐξεύροι μαθεῖν, §121ἀρχὴν βραχεῖαν εἰ λάβοιμεν ἐλπίδος.
For one thing could lead to learning many, if we could get a small beginning of hope.
§122λῃστὰς ἔφασκε συντυχόντας οὐ μιᾷ §123ῥώμῃ κτανεῖν νιν, ἀλλὰ σὺν πλήθει χερῶν.
He said that robbers, having fallen in with them, killed him, not with one man's strength, but with a multitude of hands.
§124πῶς οὖν ὁ λῃστής, εἴ τι μὴ ξὺν ἀργύρῳ §125ἐπράσσετʼ ἐνθένδʼ, ἐς τόδʼ ἂν τόλμης ἔβη;
How then would the robber have gone to such a pitch of daring, unless something had been done from here with money?
§126δοκοῦντα ταῦτʼ ἦν· Λαΐου δʼ ὀλωλότος §127οὐδεὶς ἀρωγὸς ἐν κακοῖς ἐγίγνετο.
Such was the suspicion; but when Laius was dead, no avenger arose in our troubles.
§128κακὸν δὲ ποῖον ἐμποδών, τυραννίδος §129οὕτω πεσούσης, εἶργε τοῦτʼ ἐξειδέναι;
But what evil, when the kingship had fallen thus, stood in the way to prevent you from knowing this?
§130ἡ ποικιλῳδὸς Σφὶγξ τὸ πρὸς ποσὶν σκοπεῖν §131μεθέντας ἡμᾶς τἀφανῆ προσήγετο.
The riddling Sphinx brought us to abandon unseen things and look to what was at our feet.
§132ἀλλʼ ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς αὖθις αὔτʼ ἐγὼ φανῶ· §133ἐπαξίως γὰρ Φοῖβος, ἀξίως δὲ σὺ §134πρὸ τοῦ θανόντος τήνδʼ ἔθεσθʼ ἐπιστροφήν·
But I will reveal it again from the beginning; for worthily has Phoebus, and worthily have you, shown this care on behalf of the dead.
§135ὥστʼ ἐνδίκως ὄψεσθε κἀμὲ σύμμαχον §136γῇ τῇδε τιμωροῦντα τῷ θεῷ θʼ ἅμα.
So that justly you will see me too as an ally, avenging this land and at the same time the god.
§137ὑπὲρ γὰρ οὐχὶ τῶν ἀπωτέρω φίλων, §138ἀλλʼ αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ τοῦτʼ ἀποσκεδῶ μύσος.
For not on behalf of far-off friends, but for my own sake, I will disperse this pollution.
§139ὅστις γὰρ ἦν ἐκεῖνον ὁ κτανών, τάχʼ ἂν §140κἄμʼ ἂν τοιαύτῃ χειρὶ τιμωροῦνθʼ ἕλοι.
For whoever it was that killed him, might perhaps wish to strike me too with such a hand of vengeance.
§141κείνῳ προσαρκῶν οὖν ἐμαυτὸν ὠφελῶ.
Therefore, in helping him, I benefit myself.
§142ἀλλʼ ὡς τάχιστα, παῖδες, ὑμεῖς μὲν βάθρων §143ἵστασθε, τούσδʼ ἄραντες ἱκτῆρας κλάδους, §144ἄλλος δὲ Κάδμου λαὸν ὧδʼ ἀθροιζέτω, §145ὡς πᾶν ἐμοῦ δράσοντος· ἢ γὰρ εὐτυχεῖς §146σὺν τῷ θεῷ φανούμεθʼ ἢ πεπτωκότες.
But as quickly as possible, children, arise from the steps, lifting up these suppliant branches, and let another assemble the people of Cadmus here, since I will do everything; for we shall be seen either successful with the help of the god, or fallen.
§147ὦ παῖδες, ἱστώμεσθα· τῶνδε γὰρ χάριν §148καὶ δεῦρʼ ἔβημεν ὧν ὅδʼ ἐξαγγέλλεται.
O children, let us arise; for because of these things we came here, which this man promises.
§149Φοῖβος δʼ ὁ πέμψας τάσδε μαντείας ἅμα §150σωτήρ δʼ ἵκοιτο καὶ νόσου παυστήριος.
And may Phoebus, who sent these oracles, come at once as savior and stopper of the sickness.
§151ὦ Διὸς ἁδυεπὲς φάτι, τίς ποτε τᾶς πολυχρύσου §152Πυθῶνος ἀγλαὰς ἔβας §153Θήβας;
O sweet-speaking voice of Zeus, in what spirit did you come from golden Pytho to glorious Thebes?
ἐκτέταμαι φοβερὰν φρένα, δείματι πάλλων, §154ἰήιε Δάλιε Παιάν,
My fearful mind is stretched, shaking with dread, O healer of Delos, called with cries!
§155ἀμφὶ σοὶ ἁζόμενος τί μοι ἢ νέον §156ἢ περιτελλομέναις ὥραις πάλιν ἐξανύσεις χρέος.
In awe of you, I wonder what task you will accomplish for me, either new or returning again in the revolving seasons.
§157εἰπέ μοι, ὦ χρυσέας τέκνον Ἐλπίδος, ἄμβροτε Φάμα.
Tell me, O child of golden Hope, immortal Voice.

Notes

  1. §80εἰ γὰρ ... βαίη — εἰ γάρ with the optative (βαίη) expresses a attainable wish ('would that...').
  2. §88πάντʼ ἂν εὐτυχεῖν — An accusative with infinitive construction where ἄν with the infinitive (εὐτυχεῖν) represents a potential optative (εὐτυχοῖ ἄν) in indirect discourse after λέγω.
  3. §97ὡς τεθραμμένον — A participle agreeing with the preceding accusative μίασμα. The conjunction ὡς introduces the subjective ground or reason asserted by the god ('as having been nurtured').
  4. §119ὧν εἶδε — Attraction of the relative pronoun. The genitive ὧν is attracted from the expected accusative ἃ (object of εἶδε) to the case of the omitted genitive antecedent (τούτων 'of those things which').

Cite this passage

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex §80-157. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0011.tlg004.humanitext-grc2:80-157

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