§50ἐξὸν δὲ τοῖς μὲν ἀποδοῦσιν Ἑλένην ἀπηλλάχθαι τῶν παρόντων κακῶν, τοῖς δʼ ἀμελήσασιν ἐκείνης ἀδεῶς οἰκεῖν τὸν ἐπίλοιπον χρόνον, οὐδέτεροι ταῦτʼ ἠθέλησαν· ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν περιεώρων καὶ πόλεις ἀναστάτους γιγνομένας καὶ τὴν χώραν πορθουμένην, ὥστε μὴ προέσθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν αὐτήν, οἱ δʼ ᾑροῦντο μένοντες ἐπὶ τῆς ἀλλοτρίας καταγηράσκειν καὶ μηδέποτε τοὺς αὑτῶν ἰδεῖν μᾶλλον ἢ ʼκείνην καταλιπόντες εἰς τὰς αὑτῶν πατρίδας ἀπελθεῖν.
Although it was possible for the one side to be rid of their present evils by giving Helen back, and for the other to dwell without fear for the rest of their time by neglecting her, neither side wished for this; but the former allowed both their cities to be laid waste and their land to be ravaged so as not to surrender her to the Greeks, while the latter chose to grow old staying in a foreign land and never to see their own people, rather than to abandon her and depart to their own homelands.
§51καὶ ταῦτʼ ἐποίουν οὐχ ὑπὲρ Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Μενελάου φιλονικοῦντες, ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἀσίας, οἱ δʼ ὑπὲρ τῆς Εὐρώπης, νομίζοντες, ἐν ὁποτέρᾳ τὸ σῶμα τοὐκείνης κατοικήσειε, ταύτην εὐδαιμονεστέραν τὴν χώραν ἔσεσθαι.
And they did this, not contending for the sake of Alexander and Menelaus, but the one side on behalf of Asia, and the other on behalf of Europe, believing that whichever of the two her body should dwell in, that land would be the more prosperous.
§52τοσοῦτος δʼ ἔρως ἐνέπεσε τῶν πόνων καὶ τῆς στρατείας ἐκείνης οὐ μόνον τοῖς Ἕλλησι καὶ τοῖς βαρβάροις ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς θεοῖς, ὥστʼ οὐδὲ τοὺς ἐξ αὑτῶν γεγονότας ἀπέτρεψαν τῶν ἀγώνων τῶν περὶ Τροίαν, ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς μὲν προειδὼς τὴν Σαρπηδόνος εἱμαρμένην, Ἠὼς δὲ τὴν Μέμνονος, Ποσειδῶν δὲ τὴν Κύκνου, Θέτις δὲ τὴν Ἀχιλλέως, ὅμως αὐτοὺς συνεξώρμησαν καὶ συνεξέπεμψαν, §53ἡγούμενοι κάλλιον αὐτοῖς εἶναι τεθνάναι μαχομένοις περὶ τῆς Διὸς θυγατρὸς μᾶλλον ἢ ζῆν ἀπολειφθεῖσι τῶν περὶ ἐκείνης κινδύνων.
And so great a desire for those labors and that expedition fell not only upon the Greeks and the barbarians but also upon the gods, that they did not even turn their own offspring away from the contests around Troy; but Zeus, though foreknowing the fate of Sarpedon, and Eos that of Memnon, and Poseidon that of Cycnus, and Thetis that of Achilles, nevertheless urged them on and sent them forth together, believing that it was more noble for them to die fighting for the daughter of Zeus than to live holding aloof from the dangers concerning her.
καὶ τί δεῖ θαυμάζειν, ἃ περὶ τῶν παίδων διενοήθησαν;
And why is there need to wonder at what they decided concerning their children?
αὐτοὶ γὰρ πολὺ μείζω καὶ δεινοτέραν ἐποιήσαντο παράταξιν τῆς πρὸς Γίγαντας αὐτοῖς γενομένης· πρὸς μὲν γὰρ ἐκείνους μετʼ ἀλλήλων ἐμαχέσαντο, περὶ δὲ ταύτης πρὸς σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπολέμησαν.
For they themselves made a far greater and more terrible battle-array than the one they had against the Giants; for against those they fought in alliance with one another, but on behalf of her they waged war against themselves.
§54εὐλόγως δὲ κἀκεῖνοι ταῦτʼ ἔγνωσαν, κἀγὼ τηλικαύταις ὑπερβολαῖς ἔχω χρήσασθαι περὶ αὐτῆς· κάλλους γὰρ πλεῖστον μέρος μετέσχεν, ὃ σεμνότατον καὶ τιμιώτατον καὶ θειότατον τῶν ὄντων ἐστίν.
And reasonably did they resolve this, and I too can use such great superlatives concerning her; for she had the largest share of beauty, which is the most august, most honored, and most divine of all things.
ῥᾴδιον δὲ γνῶναι τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ· τῶν μὲν γὰρ ἀνδρίας ἢ σοφίας ἢ δικαιοσύνης μὴ μετεχόντων πολλὰ φανήσεται τιμώμενα μᾶλλον ἢ τούτων ἕκαστον, τῶν δὲ κάλλους ἀπεστερημένων οὐδὲν εὑρήσομεν ἀγαπώμενον ἀλλὰ πάντα καταφρονούμενα, πλὴν ὅσα ταύτης τῆς ἰδέας κεκοινώνηκε, καὶ τὴν ἀρετὴν διὰ τοῦτο μάλιστʼ εὐδοκιμοῦσαν, ὅτι κάλλιστον τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων ἐστίν.
And it is easy to know its power; for of those things which do not share in courage or wisdom or justice, many will appear to be more honored than each of these, but of things deprived of beauty we shall find nothing that is loved, but all despised, except what has partaken of this form, and virtue is most of all highly esteemed for this reason, because it is the most beautiful of pursuits.
§55γνοίη δʼ ἄν τις κἀκεῖθεν ὅσον διαφέρει τῶν ὄντων, ἐξ ὧν αὐτοὶ διατιθέμεθα πρὸς ἕκαστον αὐτῶν.
And one might know from this too how much it excels other things, namely, from how we ourselves are disposed toward each of them.
τῶν μὲν γὰρ ἄλλων ὧν ἂν ἐν χρείᾳ γενώμεθα, τυχεῖν μόνον βουλόμεθα, περαιτέρω δὲ περὶ αὐτῶν οὐδὲν τῇ ψυχῇ προσπεπόνθαμεν· τῶν δὲ καλῶν ἔρως ἡμῖν ἐγγίγνεται, τοσούτῳ μείζω τοῦ βούλεσθαι ῥώμην ἔχων, ὅσῳ περ καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα κρεῖττόν ἐστιν.
For of other things which we may stand in need of, we only wish to obtain them, and we have no further feeling in our soul toward them; but for beautiful things a desire is born in us, having a power as much greater than mere wishing as the object itself is superior.
§56καὶ τοῖς μὲν κατὰ σύνεσιν ἢ κατʼ ἄλλο τι προέχουσι φθονοῦμεν, ἢν μὴ τῷ ποιεῖν ἡμᾶς εὖ καθʼ ἑκάστην τὴν ἡμέραν προσαγάγωνται καὶ στέργειν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀναγκάσωσι· τοῖς δὲ καλοῖς εὐθὺς ἰδόντες εὖνοι γιγνόμεθα, καὶ μόνους αὐτοὺς ὥσπερ τοὺς θεοὺς οὐκ ἀπαγορεύομεν θεραπεύοντες, §57ἀλλʼ ἥδιον δουλεύομεν τοῖς τοιούτοις ἢ τῶν ἄλλων ἄρχομεν, πλείω χάριν ἔχοντες τοῖς πολλὰ προστάττουσιν ἢ τοῖς μηδὲν ἐπαγγέλλουσιν.
And we envy those who excel in intelligence or in some other respect, unless they win us over by doing us good every day and compel us to love them; but to beautiful people we become well-disposed as soon as we see them, and them alone, like the gods, we never tire of serving, but we serve such people more gladly than we rule over others, feeling more gratitude to those who command many things than to those who demand nothing.
καὶ τοὺς μὲν ὑπʼ ἄλλῃ τινὶ δυνάμει γιγνομένους λοιδοροῦμεν καὶ κόλακας ἀποκαλοῦμεν, τοὺς δὲ τῷ κάλλει λατρεύοντας φιλοκάλους καὶ φιλοπόνους εἶναι νομίζομεν.
And those who come under any other power we abuse and call flatterers, but those who serve beauty we consider to be lovers of beauty and industrious.
§58τοσαύτῃ δʼ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ προνοίᾳ χρώμεθα περὶ τὴν ἰδέαν τὴν τοιαύτην ὥστε καὶ τῶν ἐχόντων τὸ κάλλος τοὺς μὲν μισθαρνήσαντας καὶ κακῶς βουλευσαμένους περὶ τῆς αὑτῶν ἡλικίας μᾶλλον ἀτιμάζομεν ἢ τοὺς εἰς τὰ τῶν ἄλλων σώματʼ ἐξαμαρτόντας· ὅσοι δʼ ἂν τὴν αὑτῶν ὥραν διαφυλάξωσιν ἄβατον τοῖς πονηροῖς ὥσπερ ἱερὸν ποιήσαντες, τούτους εἰς τὸν ἐπίλοιπον χρόνον ὁμοίως τιμῶμεν ὥσπερ τοὺς ὅλην τὴν πόλιν ἀγαθόν τι ποιήσαντας.
And we practice such great piety and foresight regarding this form, that of those who possess beauty, we dishonor those who take wages and make bad decisions regarding their youth more than those who sin against the bodies of others; but as many as guard their own youth inviolate, making it like a temple inaccessible to the wicked, these we honor for the rest of their time in the same way as those who have done some good for the whole city.
§59καὶ τὶ δεῖ τὰς ἀνθρωπίνας δόξας λέγοντα διατρίβειν;
And why is there need to waste time speaking of human opinions?
ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ὁ κρατῶν πάντων ἐν μὲν τοῖς ἄλλοις τὴν αὑτοῦ δύναμιν ἐνδείκνυται, πρὸς δὲ τὸ κάλλος ταπεινὸς γιγνόμενος ἀξιοῖ πλησιάζειν.
For Zeus, the ruler of all, displays his own power in other things, but becoming humble before beauty, he deems it worthy to approach.
Ἀμφιτρύωνι μὲν γὰρ εἰκασθεὶς ὡς Ἀλκμήνην ἦλθε, χρυσὸς δὲ ῥυεὶς Δανάῃ συνεγένετο, κύκνος δὲ γενόμενος εἰς τοὺς Νεμέσεως κόλπους κατέφυγε, τούτῳ δὲ πάλιν ὁμοιωθεὶς Λήδαν ἐνύμφευσεν· ἀεὶ δὲ μετὰ τέχνης ἀλλʼ οὐ μετὰ βίας θηρώμενος φαίνεται τὴν φύσιν τὴν τοιαύτην.
For having likened himself to Amphitryon he came to Alcmene, and having flowed as gold he united with Danae, and having become a swan he fled for refuge to the bosom of Nemesis, and again having likened himself to this he wedded Leda; and he is always seen pursuing such a nature with art and not with violence.