§1.44Ἡ ἐν Ἄργει ἀσπίς: οἱ ἐν Ἄργει οἱ τὴν ἐν τοῖς παισὶν ὥραν καθαρὰν καὶ ἀδιάφθορον φυλάξαντες, ἀναλαβόντες χρυσῆν ἀσπίδα προπομπεύουσι, τοῦτο γέρας ἔχοντες κατά τι νόμιμον ἀρχαῖον.
Ἡ ἐν Ἄργει ἀσπίς: those in Argos who kept the beauty of their youth pure and undefiled, receiving a golden shield, lead the procession, having this privilege according to some ancient custom.
§1.45Ἀθηνᾷ τὸν αἴλουρον: ἐπὶ τῶν κακῶς συγκρινόντων τὰ κρείττονα τοῖς ἥττοσι διὰ μικρὰν ὁμοιότητα· ὡς εἴ τις διὰ γλαυκότητα τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν τὸν αἴλουρον τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ συμβάλλοι.
Ἀθηνᾷ τὸν αἴλουρον: said of those who badly compare better things to inferior ones due to a slight resemblance; as if someone, because of the brightness of the eyes, should compare a cat to Athena.
§1.46Ἑστίᾳ θύεις: ἐπὶ τῶν μηδενὶ ῥᾳδίως μεταδιδόντων.
Ἑστίᾳ θύεις: said of those who do not easily share with anyone.
Δι’ ἔθους γὰρ ἦν τοῖς παλαιοῖς, ὁπότε ἔθυον Ἑστίᾳ, μηδενὶ μεταδιδόναι τῆς θυσίας.
For it was a custom among the ancients, whenever they sacrificed to Hestia, to share the sacrifice with no one.
§1.47Τί [ὅτι] οὐκ ἀπήγξω, ἵνα Θήβησιν ἥρως γένῃ: φασὶν, ἐν Θήβαις ἑαυτοὺς ἀναιροῦντες οὐδεμιᾶς τιμῆς μετεῖχον.
Τί [ὅτι] οὐκ ἀπήγξω, ἵνα Θήβησιν ἥρως γένῃ: Why did you not hang yourself, so that you might become a hero in Thebes. For they say that in Thebes those who killed themselves shared in no honor.
ὅθεν τὸ, ἵνα ἥρως γένῃ, κατ’ εὐφημισμὸν εἴρηται.
Whence the phrase "so that you might become a hero" is spoken euphemistically.
§1.48Δέχεται καὶ βῶλον Ἀλήτης: ἐπὶ τῶν ἅπαντα πρὸς τὸ κρεῖττον ἐκδεχομένων.
Δέχεται καὶ βῶλον Ἀλήτης: said of those who interpret everything for the better.
Ἀλήτης γὰρ, ὥς φησι Δοῦρις, ἀποπεσὼν Κορίνθου, κατὰ χρησμὸν τοῦ θεοῦ ἀπεπειρᾶτο πάλιν κτηθεῖν· ἐνὶ † τῇ χώρᾳ περιϊδών τινα βουκόλον, ᾔτει τροφήν· ὁ δὲ βῶλον ἐκ τῆς πήρας ἀράμενος ἐδίδου.
For Aletes, as Duris says, having been expelled from Corinth, tried to acquire it again according to an oracle of the god; seeing a certain herdsman in the country, he asked for food; and the herdsman, taking a clod of earth from his bag, gave it to him.
ὁ δὲ Ἀλήτης ἐδέξατο οἰωνισάμενος καὶ εἰπών· Δέχεται καὶ βῶλον Ἀλήτης. §1.49Ἄδακρυς πόλεμος: ἐπὶ τῶν ἔξω τινὸς χαλεποῦ πράγματα κατορθούντων.
Aletes received it, taking it as an omen, and saying: "Aletes receives even a clod of earth." Ἄδακρυς πόλεμος: said of those who accomplish things without any difficulty.
ὁ γὰρ Δωδωναῖος προεῖπε Λακεδαιμονίοις πολεμοῦσι πρὸς Ἀρκάδας, μάχην ἄδακρυν ἔσεσθαι· συμβαλόντες δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐνίκησαν μηδενὸς ἀποθανόντος.
For the oracle of Dodona foretold to the Lacedaemonians who were warring against the Arcadians that the battle would be tearless; and having engaged in battle after this, they won without anyone dying.
§1.50Ἀττικοὶ τὰ Ἐλευσίνια: ἐλλείπει τὸ, καθ’ ἑαυτούς.
Ἀττικοὶ τὰ Ἐλευσίνια: the phrase "by themselves" is omitted.
Ὅταν καθ’ ἑαυτοὺς συλλεγέντες τινὲς πράττωσί τι, ἐπιλέγουσιν ἑαυτοῖς, Ἀττικοὶ τὰ Ἐλευσίνια. §1.51Ἐν Τροφωνίου μεμάντευται: ἐπὶ τῶν σκυθρωπῶν καὶ ἀγελάστων.
Whenever some people gather by themselves and do something, they say to themselves: "Athenians at the Eleusinian mysteries." Ἐν Τροφωνίου μεμάντευται: said of the gloomy and laughterless.
οἱ γὰρ καταβαίνοντες ἐς Τροφωνίου λέγουσι τὸν ἑξῆς χρόνον ἀγέλαστοι εἶναι.
For those who go down to Trophonius' cave are said to be laughterless for the time hereafter.
ὁ γὰρ Τροφώνιος ἔχων τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ Ἀγαμήδους καὶ διωκόμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Αὐγέου, εὐξάμενος εἰς χάσμα ἐνέπεσεν, οὗ δὴ καὶ μαντεῖον ἐγένετο.
For Trophonius, holding the head of his brother Agamedes and being pursued by Augeas, fell into a chasm after praying, where indeed a prophetic shrine was established.
§1.52Φὰλλος τῷ θεῷ: ἐπὶ τῶν ἀπονεμόντων ἐνίοις τὰ οἰκεῖα πρόςφορα· ἐπεὶ τῷ Διονύσῳ ἵστατο ὁ φάλλος.
Φὰλλος τῷ θεῷ: said of those who assign to some people things that are appropriate and suitable to them; since the phallus was set up for Dionysus.
§1.53Δῶρον δ’ ὅ, τι δῷ τις ἐπαίνει.
Δῶρον δ’ ὅ, τι δῷ τις ἐπαίνει: Praise a gift, whatever one may give. Praise a gift, whatever one may give.
§1.54Ταινάριον κακόν: τὸ μέγα καὶ παρανομούμενον εἰς ἱκέτας.
Ταιναρίον κακόν: a great and unlawful crime against suppliants.
οἱ γὰρ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοὺς καταφυγόντας εἰς Ταίναρον τῶν Εἱλώτων ἀπαγαγόντες ἀπέκτειναν.
For the Lacedaemonians dragged away and killed those of the Helots who had fled to Taenarum for refuge.
§1.55Πιτάνη εἰμί: κατὰ τῶν πυκναῖς συμφοραῖς χρωμένων.
Πιτάνη εἰμί: used against those who experience frequent misfortunes.
τῇ γὰρ Πιτάνῃ τοιαῦτα συνέβη πράγματα.
For such things happened to Pitane.
§1.56Θρᾷκες ὅρκια οὐκ ἐπίστανται.
Θρᾷκες ὅρκια οὐκ ἐπίστανται: Thracians do not know oaths. Thracians do not know oaths.
§1.57Ταχύτερον ὁ Μάνδρης κρητίνας † ἀπεπέρασε: Ἐφέσιοι κρητίνας ἐκτήσαντο τὰς Μαγνήτων· ἀπεπέρασε δέ σφιν Μάνδρης ὁ Μανδρολύτου παρ’ οἶνον καὶ μέθην καὶ κύβην.
Ταχύτερον ὁ Μάνδρης κρητίνας † ἀπεπέρασε: the Ephesians acquired the "kretinas" of the Magnesians; but Mandres, the son of Mandrolytos, got rid of them for them over wine, drunkenness, and dicing.
§1.58Πολυκράτης μητέρα νέμει: Πολυκράτης ὁ Σάμιος τῶν ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ ἀποθανόντων τὰς μητέρας συναγαγὼν, δέδωκε τοῖς πλουσίοις τῶν πολιτῶν τρέφειν, πρὸς ἕκαστον λέγων, ὅτι Μητέρα σοι ταύτην δίδωμι. §1.59Ἀττικὸς πάροικος: οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι τοὺς παροικοῦντας αὐτοῖς καὶ γειτνιάζοντας ἐξέβαλλον.
Πολυκράτης μητέρα νέμει: Polycrates of Samos, having gathered the mothers of those who had died in the war, gave them to the wealthy citizens to support, saying to each: "I give you this woman as a mother." Ἀττικὸς πάροικος: the Athenians used to expel those who lived with them and neighbored them.
ἢ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰς Σάμον πεμφθέντων Ἀθήνηθεν ἐποίκων.
Or from the colonists sent to Samos from Athens.
§1.60Εἰς Μασσαλίαν πλεύσειας: οἱ Μασσαλιῶται θηλύτερον ἕξων, καὶ στολαῖς ποικίλαις καὶ ποδήρεσι χρώμενοι, ἔτι δὲ τὰς κόμας μεμυρισμένας ἀναδεδεμένοι, καὶ διὰ ταύτην τὴν μαλακίαν ἀσχημονοῦντες.
Εἰς Μασσαλίαν πλεύσειας: the Massalians led a more effeminate lifestyle, using variegated and ankle-length robes, and moreover having their perfumed hair tied up, and making a shameful spectacle of themselves because of this softness.
§1.61Σαμίων ἄνθη, καὶ, Σαμιακὴ λαύρα: ἐπὶ τῶν ὑστάταις ἡδοναῖς χρωμένων.
Σαμίων ἄνθη, καὶ, Σαμιακὴ λαύρα: said of those who indulge in extreme pleasures.
ἡ Σαμιακὴ λαύρα στενωπὴ ἦν παρὰ Σαμίοις, ἐν ᾖ τὰ πέμματα ἐπιπράσκετο.
The Samian alley was a narrow lane among the Samians where pastries were sold.
τὰ δὲ Σαμίων ἄνθη τόπος, ἐν ᾧ συνῄεσαν αἱ γυναῖκες τοῖς ἀνδράσι συνευωχησόμεναι.
The flowers of Samos was a place where women gathered to feast together with men.
διὰ ταύτην τὴν τρυφὴν οἱ Σάμιοι τοῖς Πέρσαις ἐδουλώθησαν.
Because of this luxury, the Samians were enslaved to the Persians.
§1.62Ἡ Σκυθῶν ῥῆσις: πρὸς Δαρεῖον τὸν Πέρσην ἀπεκρίναντο οἱ Σκύθαι, κλαίειν αὐτόν.
Ἡ Σκυθῶν ῥῆσις: the Scythians answered Darius the Persian that he should weep.
ἐπὶ τῶν ἀποτόμως οἰμώζειν τινὰ λεγόντων.
Said of those who abruptly tell someone to wail.
§1.63Διὸς ἐγκέφαλος: ἐπὶ τῶν ἡδυπαθούντων.
Διὸς ἐγκέφαλος: said of those who live in luxury.
τὰ γὰρ πολυτελῇ βρώματα παρὰ τοῖς Πέρσαις Διὸς καὶ βασιλέως ἐγκέφαλος ἐκαλεῖτο.
For among the Persians, expensive foods were called the brain of Zeus and of the king.
§1.64Λευκηπατίας: φασὶ συμβαίνειν τι ἐπὶ τὸ ἧπαρ ἐπί τινων, ὃ δειλοὺς ποιεῖ.
Λευκηπατίας: they say that something happens to the liver in some people which makes them cowardly.
εἴρηται οὖν ἐπὶ τῶν τοιούτων.
It is therefore said of such people.
§1.65Ἀκκώ: αὕτη γέγονεν ἐπὶ τῶν ἐπὶ μωρίᾳ διαβεβλημένων, ἦν φασιν ἐςοπτριζομένην τῇ εἰκόνι ὡς ἑτέρᾳ διαλέγεσθαι.
Ἀκκώ: this is said of those who are discredited for their folly, who they say, looking into a mirror, used to talk to her own reflection as if to another woman.