§1επὶ τὰ ἕωλοι τῆς σαρκοφαγίοις προσφάτους ἡμᾶς ὁ λόγος παρακαλεῖ ταῖς τε διανοίαις καὶ ταῖς προθυμίαις γενέσθαι.
Our reason encourages us to become pure in both our minds and desires toward the stale remnants of meat-eating.
χαλεπὸν μὲν γάρ, ὥσπερ ὁ Κάτων ἔφησε, λέγειν πρὸς γαστέρας ὦτα μὴ ἐχούσας·
For it is difficult, as Cato said, to speak to bellies that have no ears.
καὶ πέποται ὁ τῆς συνηθείας κυκεών, ὥσπερ ὁ τῆς Κίρκης
"ὠδίνας ὀδύνας κυκεὼν ἀπάτας τε γόους τε· "
καὶ τὸ ἄγκιστρον ἐκβάλλειν τῆς σαρκοφαγίας ὡς ἐμπεπηγμένον τῇ φιληδονίᾳ καὶ διαπεπαρμένον οὐ ῥᾴδιόν ἐστιν.
And the mixed potion of habit has already been drunk, just like that of Circe: "A potion of pangs, pains, deceits, and groans." And to cast out the hook of meat-eating, which is fixed in our love of pleasure and driven through us, is not easy.
ἐπεὶ καλῶς εἶχεν, ὥσπερ Αἰγύπτιοι τῶν νεκρῶν τὴν κοιλίαν ἐξελόντες καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἥλιον ἀνασχίζοντες ἐκβάλλουσιν ὡς αἰτίαν ἁπάντων ὧν ὁ ἄνθρωπος;
Since it would have been well if, just as the Egyptians take out the belly of the dead, split it open to the sun, and cast it out as the cause of all that the person sinned, we too had cut out our own gluttony and blood-guilt, and purified the rest of our life.
ἥμαρτεν, οὕτως ἡμᾶς ἑαυτῶν τὴν γαστριμαργίαν καὶ μιαιφονίαν ἐκτεμόντας ἁγνεῦσαι τὸν λοιπὸν βίον ἐπεὶ ἥ γε γαστὴρ οὐ μιαιφόνον ἐστὶν ἀλλὰ μιαινόμενον ἀπὸ τῆς ἀκρασίας.
For the belly is not itself blood-guilty, but rather defiled by our lack of self-control.
οὐ μὴν ἀλλʼ εἰ καὶ ἀδύνατον νὴ Δία διὰ τὴν συνήθειαν τὸ ἀναμάρτητον, αἰσχυνόμενοι τῷ ἁμαρτάνοντι χρησόμεθα διὰ τὸν λόγον, ἐδόμεθα σάρκας, ἀλλὰ πεινῶντες οὐ τρυφῶντες· ἀναιρήσομεν ζῷον, ἀλλʼ οἰκτείροντες καὶ ἀλγοῦντες, οὐχ ὑβρίζοντες οὐδὲ βασανίζοντες· οἷα νῦν πολλὰ δρῶσιν οἱ μὲν εἰς σφαγὴν ὑῶν ὠθοῦντες ὀβελοὺς διαπύρους, ἵνα τῇ βαφῇ τοῦ σιδήρου περισβεννύμενον τὸ αἷμα καὶ διαχεόμενον τὴν σάρκα θρύψῃ καὶ μαλάξῃ· οἱ δʼ οὔθασι συῶν ἐπιτόκων ἐναλλόμενοι καὶ λακτίζοντες, ἵνʼ αἷμα καὶ γάλα καὶ λύθρον ἐμβρύων ὁμοῦ συμφθαρέντων ἐν ὠδῖσιν ἀναδεύσαντες, ὦ Ζεῦ καθάρσιε, φάγωσι τοῦ ζῴου τὸ μάλιστα φλεγμαῖνον ἄλλοι γεράνων ὄμματα καὶ κύκνων ἀπορράψαντες καὶ ἀποκλείσαντες ἐν σκότει πιαίνουσιν, ἀλλοκότοις μίγμασι καὶ καρυκείαις τισὶν αὐτῶν τὴν σάρκα ὀψοποιοῦντες.
Nevertheless, even if, by Zeus, sinlessness is impossible because of habit we shall act with shame for our sin because of reason; we shall eat flesh, but when we are hungry, not for luxury; we shall kill an animal, but with pity and pain, not with insolence or torture—things that many now do, some thrusting red-hot spits into the slaughter of pigs, so that by the tempering of the iron, the blood may be extinguished and diffused, making the flesh tender and soft; others jumping and kicking upon the udders of pregnant sows, so that they may knead together blood and milk and the gore of embryos ruined together in the pangs of labor, and eat, O purifying Zeus, the most inflamed part of the animal; others sewing up the eyes of cranes and swans and shutting them up in darkness to fatten them, preparing their flesh with strange mixtures and sauces.
§2ἐξ ὧν καὶ μάλιστα δῆλόν ἐστιν, ὡς οὐ διὰ τροφὴν οὐδὲ χρείαν οὐδʼ ἀναγκαίως ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ κόρου καὶ ὕβρεως καὶ πολυτελείας ἡδονὴν πεποίηνται τὴν ἀνομίαν·
From which things it is especially clear that not for food or need or by necessity, but out of satiety, insolence, and luxury, they have made lawlessness into a pleasure.
εἶθʼ ὥσπερ ἔρως ἐν γυναιξὶν κόρον ἡδονῆς οὐκ ἐχούσαις, ἀποπειρώμενος πάντα καὶ πλανώμενος ἀκολασταίνων ἐξέπεσεν εἰς τὰ ἄρρητα· οὕτως αἱ περὶ τὴν ἐδωδὴν ἀκρασίαι τὸ φυσικὸν παρελθοῦσαι καὶ ἀναγκαῖον τέλος ἐν ὠμότητι καὶ παρανομίᾳ ποικίλλουσι τὴν ὄρεξιν.
Then, just as lust in women who have no satiety of pleasure, trying everything and wandering about, falls in its wantonness into unspeakable things, so the lack of self-control regarding food, passing beyond the natural and necessary end, varies its desire in cruelty and lawlessness.
συννοσεῖ γὰρ ἀλλήλοις τὰ αἰσθητήρια καὶ συναναπείθεται καὶ συνακολασταίνει μὴ κρατοῦντα τῶν φυσικῶν μέτρων.
For the senses fall ill together, and are persuaded and become wanton together when they do not control their natural measures.
οὕτως ἀκοὴ νοσήσασα μουσικὴν διέφθειρεν, ἀφʼ ἧς τὸ θρυπτόμενον καὶ ἐκλυόμενον αἰσχρὰς ποθεῖ ψηλαφήσεις καὶ γυναικώδεις γαργαλισμούς.
Thus the hearing, falling ill, corrupted music, from which that which is weakened and dissolved desires shameful touches and effeminate ticklings.
ταῦτα τὴν ὄψιν ἐδίδαξε μὴ πυρρίχαις χαίρειν μηδὲ χειρονομίαις μηδʼ ὀρχήμασι γλαφυροῖς μηδʼ ἀγάλμασι καὶ γραφαῖς, ἀλλὰ φόνον καὶ θάνατον ἀνθρώπων καὶ τραύματα καὶ μάχας θέαμα ποιεῖσθαι πολυτελέστατον.
These taught the sight not to rejoice in pyrrhic dances, nor in gestures, nor in graceful dances, nor in statues and paintings, but to make the slaughter and death of men, wounds, and battles its most luxurious spectacle.
οὕτως ἕπονται παρανόμοις τραπέζαις συνουσίαι ἀκρατεῖς, ἀφροδισίοις αἰσχροῖς ἀκροάσεις ἄμουσοι, μέλεσι καὶ ἀκούσμασιν ἀναισχύντοις θέατρα ἔκφυλα, θεάμασιν ἀνημέροις ἀπάθεια πρὸς ἀνθρώπους καὶ ὠμότης.
Thus, lawless tables are followed by uncontrolled assemblies, shameful sexual acts by unmusical hearings, shameless melodies and sounds by degenerate theaters, and brutal spectacles by insensibility and cruelty toward humans.
διὰ τοῦτο διέταττεν ὁ θεῖος· Λυκοῦργος ἐν ταῖς τρισὶ ῥήτραις τὸ ἀπὸ πρίονος καὶ πελέκεως γίγνεσθαι τὰ θυρώματα τῶν οἰκιῶν καὶ τὰς ἐρέψεις, ἄλλο δʼ ὄργανον μηδὲν προσφέρεσθαι, οὐ πολεμῶν δήπου τερέτροις καὶ σκεπάρνοις καὶ ὅσα λεπτουργεῖν πέφυκεν ἀλλʼ εἰδὼς ὅτι διὰ τοιούτων ἔργων οὐκ εἰσοίσεις κλινίδιον ἐπίχρυσον οὐδὲ τολμήσεις εἰς οἰκίαν λιτὴν ἀργυρᾶς εἰσενεγκεῖν τραπέζας καὶ δάπιδας ἁλουργοὺς καὶ λίθους πολυτελεῖς· ἀλλʼ ἕπεται οἰκίᾳ καὶ κλίνῃ καὶ τραπέζῃ καὶ κύλικι τοιαύτῃ δεῖπνον ἀφελὲς καὶ ἄριστον δημοτικόν, ἀρχῇ δὲ μοχθηρᾶς διαίτης
"ἄθηλος ἵππῳ πῶλος ὣς ἅμα τρέχει"
πᾶσα τρυφὴ καὶ πολυτέλεια.
For this reason, the divine Lycurgus ordained in the three rhetrai that the doorways of houses and the roofs should be made with the saw and the axe, and that no other tool should be applied, not indeed warring against drills and adzes and all that is made for fine work, but knowing that by such works you will not bring in a gilded couch, nor will you dare to bring into a simple house silver tables, purple carpets, and precious stones; but a plain dinner and a democratic lunch follow such a house, couch, table, and cup, whereas at the beginning of a wretched lifestyle, "like a colt unweaned running beside its mother horse," all luxury and extravagance run along.