§13διὰ τοῦτο τῶν φρονιμωτάτων καὶ σοφωτάτων ὀλίγους ἂν εὕροις ἐν ταῖς ἑαυτῶν πατρίσι κεκηδευμένους, οἱ δὲ πλεῖστοι μηδενὸς ἀναγκάζοντος αὐτοὶ τὸ ἀγκύριον ἀράμενοι μεθωρμίσαντο τοὺς βίους καὶ μετέστησαν οἱ μὲν εἰς Ἀθήνας οἱ δʼ ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν.
For this reason, of the most prudent and wisest, you would find few buried in their own native lands, but the majority, with no one forcing them, but of their own accord lifting anchor, shifted their lives and migrated, some to Athens and others from Athens.
τίς γὰρ εἴρηκε τῆς ἑαυτοῦ πατρίδος ἐγκώμιον τοιοῦτον, οἷον Εὐριπίδης;
For who has spoken such a eulogy of his own country, as Euripides?
"
ᾗ πρῶτα μὲν λεὼς οὐκ ἐπακτὸς ἄλλοθεν,
αὐτόχθονες δʼ ἔφυμεν· αἱ δʼ ἄλλαι πόλεις
πεσσῶν ὁμοίως διαφορηθεῖσαι βολαῖς,
ἄλλαι παρʼ ἄλλων εἰσὶν εἰσαγώγιμοι.
"Where first, indeed, the people are not imported from elsewhere, but we were born autochthonous; and the other cities, being shaken like draughts-men by the throws of dice, are imported, some from some, and others from others.
εἰ δὲ πάρεργον χρή τι κομπάσαι, γύναι,
οὐρανὸν ὑπὲρ γῆς ἔχομεν εὖ κεκραμένον
ἵνʼ οὔτʼ ἄγαν πῦρ οὔτε χεῖμα συμπίτνει.
And if it is necessary to boast of something as a side-matter, woman, we have a sky above the earth well-tempered, where neither too much heat nor winter's cold falls upon us.
ἃ δʼ Ἑλλὰς Ἀσία τʼ ἐκτρέφει κάλλιστα γῆς,
δέλεαρ ἔχοντες τήνδε συνθηρεύομεν
"
ἀλλʼ ὁ ταῦτα γράψας εἰς Μακεδονίαν ᾤχετο καὶ παρʼ Ἀρχελάῳ κατεβίωσεν.
And what things Greece and Asia nourish most beautiful of the earth, having these as a lure, we hunt them together. "But he who wrote these things went off to Macedonia and spent the end of his life with Archelaus.
ἀκήκοας δὲ δήπου καὶ τουτὶ τοὐπιγραμμάτιον
"
Αἰσχύλον Εὐφορίωνος Ἀθηναῖον τόδε κεύθει
μνῆμα καταφθίμενον πυροφόροιο Γέλας
"
καὶ γὰρ καὶ οὗτος εἰς Σικελίαν ἀπῆρε καὶ Σιμωνίδης πρότερον.
And you have surely heard also this little epigraph: ¦604f "This monument of wheat-bearing Gela hides Aeschylus, son of Euphorion, the Athenian, who died here. "For indeed he also departed for Sicily, and Simonides before him.
τὸ δʼ
Ἡροδότου Ἁλικαρνησέος ἱστορίης ἀπόδεξις ἥδε
πολλοὶ μεταγράφουσιν ʽ
Ἡροδότου Θουρίοὐ· μετῴκησε
γὰρ εἰς Θουρίους καὶ τῆς ἀποικίας ἐκείνης μετέσχε.
And as for the saying: "This is the exposition of the history of Herodotus of Halicarnassus," many transcribe it as "of Herodotus of Thurii"; for he migrated to Thurii and took part in that colony.
τὸ δʼ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον
"ἐν μούσαις πνεῦμα, Φρυγίας κοσμήτορα μάχας"
Ὅμηρον, οὐ τοῦτο πεποίηκε πολλαῖς ἀμφισβητήσιμον πόλεσιν, ὅτι μὴ μιᾶς ἐστιν ἐγκωμιαστής;
And that sacred and divine "spirit among the Muses, the marshal of the Phrygian battle," Homer—has he not made himself a subject of dispute for many cities because he is not the encomiast of only one?
καὶ ξενίου Διὸς πολλαὶ τιμαὶ καὶ μεγάλαι.
And of Zeus, the guardian of guests, the honors are many and great.
§14εἰ δὲ φήσει τις ὅτι δόξαν οὗτοι καὶ τιμὰς ἐθήρευον, ἐπὶ τοὺς σοφοὺς ἐλθὲ καὶ τὰς· σοφὰς Ἀθήνησι σχολὰς καὶ διατριβάς· ἀναπέμπασαι τὰς ἐν Λυκείῳ τὰς ἐν Ἀκαδημείᾳ, τὴν Στοὰν τὸ Παλλάδιον τὸ Ὠδεῖον.
But if someone will say that these men were hunting after glory and honors, go to the wise men and the wise schools and discussions in Athens; recall those in the Lyceum, those in the Academy, the Stoa, the Palladium, the Odeum.
εἰ τὴν Περιπατητικὴν ἀσπάζῃ μάλιστα καὶ τεθαύμακας, Ἀριστοτέλης ἦν ἐκ Σταγείρων, Θεόφραστος ἐξ Ἐρέσου, Στράτων ἐκ Λαμψάκου, Γλύκων ἐκ Τρωάδος, Ἀρίστων ἐκ Κέω, Κριτόλαος Φασηλίτης· εἰ τὴν Στωικήν, Ζήνων Κιτιεύς, Κλεάνθης Ἄσσιος, Χρύσιππος Σολεύς, Διογένης Βαβυλώνιος, Ἀντίπατρος Ταρσεύς· ὁ δʼ Ἀθηναῖος Ἀρχέδημος εἰς τὴν Πάρθων μεταστὰς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι Στωικὴν διαδοχὴν ἀπέλιπε.
If you welcome the Peripatetic school most and have admired it, Aristotle was from Stagira, Theophrastus from Eresus, Straton from Lampsacus, Glycon from Troas, Ariston from Ceos, Critolaus a Phaselite; if the Stoic, Zeno was a Citiean, Cleanthes an Assian, Chrysippus a Solean, Diogenes a Babylonian, Antipater a Tarsean; and the Athenian Archedemus, having migrated to the land of the Parthians, left a Stoic succession in Babylon.
τίς οὖν τούτους ἐδίωξεν;
Who then drove these men out?
οὐδείς· ἀλλʼ αὐτοὶ διώκοντες ἡσυχίαν, ἧς οὐ πάνυ μέτεστιν οἴκοι τοῖς ἡντιναοῦν δόξαν ἢ δύναμιν ἔχουσι, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα λόγοις τοῦτο δʼ ἔργοις ἡμᾶς διδάσκουσι.
No one; but they themselves, pursuing quietness, of which there is no share at all at home for those who have any reputation or power whatsoever, teach us this by their deeds, and other things by their words.
καὶ γὰρ νῦν οἱ δοκιμώτατοι καὶ κράτιστοι ζῶσιν ἐπὶ ξένης, οὐ μετασταθέντες ἀλλὰ μεταστάντες, οὐδὲ φυγαδευθέντες ἀλλὰ φυγόντες αὐτοὶ πράγματα καὶ περισπασμοὺς καὶ ἀσχολίας, ἃς αἱ πατρίδες φέρουσι.
For indeed now the most approved and excellent men live in a foreign land, not having been removed but having themselves migrated, nor having been exiled but having themselves fled from affairs and distractions and lack of leisure, which their native lands bring.
καὶ γὰρ τοῖς παλαιοῖς; ὡς ἔοικεν αἱ Μοῦσαι τὰ κάλλιστα τῶν συνταγμάτων καὶ δοκιμώτατα φυγὴν λαβοῦσαι συνεργὸν ἐπετέλεσαν.
For indeed to the ancients, as it seems, the Muses completed the most beautiful and approved of their writings by taking exile as a helper.
Θουκυδίδης Ἀθηναῖος συνέγραψε τὸν πόλεμον τῶν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἐν Θρᾴκῃ περὶ τὴν Σκαπτὴν ὕλην· Ξενοφῶν ἐν Σκιλλοῦντι τῆς Ἠλείας, Φίλιστος ἐν Ἠπείρῳ, Τίμαιος ὁ Ταυρομενίτης ἐν Ἀθήναις, Ἀνδροτίων Ἀθηναῖος ἐν Μεγάροις, Βακχυλίδης ὁ ποιητὴς ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ, πάντες οὗτοι καὶ πλείονες ἄλλοι τῶν πατρίδων ἐκπεσόντες οὐκ ἀπέγνωσαν οὐδʼ ἔρριψαν ἑαυτούς, ἀλλʼ ἐχρήσαντο ταῖς εὐφυΐαις ἐφόδιον παρὰ τῆς τύχης τὴν φυγὴν λαβόντες, διʼ ἣν πανταχοῦ καὶ τεθνηκότες μνημονεύονται· τῶν δʼ ἐκβαλόντων καὶ καταστασιασάντων οὐδὲ εἷς λόγος οὐδενὸς ἀπολέλειπται.
Thucydides the Athenian wrote the war of the Peloponnesians and Athenians in Thrace around Scapte Hyle; Xenophon in Scillus of Elis, Philistus in Epirus, Timaeus of Tauromenium in Athens, Androtion the Athenian in Megara, Bacchylides the poet in the Peloponnese; all these and many others, having fallen out of their native lands, did not despair nor cast themselves down, but made use of their natural talents, taking exile from fortune as a provision for the journey, because of which they are remembered everywhere even after death; but of those who expelled them and engaged in faction against them, not a single mention of anyone is left behind.
§15διὸ καὶ γελοῖός ἐστιν ὁ νομίζων ἀδοξίαν τῇ φυγῇ προσεῖναι.
Therefore also, he is ridiculous who thinks that lack of reputation attaches to exile.
τί λέγεις; ἄδοξός;
What do you say?
ἐστι Διογένης ὃν ἰδὼν Ἀλέξανδρος ἐν ἡλίῳ καθήμενον ἐπιστὰς ἠρώτησεν, εἴ τινος δεῖται· τοῦ δὲ μηδὲν ἀλλʼ ἢ σμικρὸν ἀποσκοτίσαι κελεύσαντος, ἐκπλαγεὶς τὸ φρόνημα πρὸς τοὺς φίλους εἶπεν
εἰ μὴ Ἀλέξανδρος ἤμην, Διογένης; ἂν ἤμην;
Is Diogenes without reputation, whom Alexander, seeing him sitting in the sun, stood over and asked if he needed anything; and when Diogenes ordered him nothing else but to stand out of his light a little, Alexander, astounded at his high spirit, said to his friends: "If I were not Alexander, I would be Diogenes"?
ἠδόξει δὲ Κάμιλλος ἐκ τῆς Ῥώμης ἐλαυνόμενος, ἧς δεύτερος κτίστης νῦν ἀναγορεύεται;
And was Camillus without reputation when driven out of Rome, of which he is now proclaimed the second founder?
καὶ μὴν Θεμιστοκλῆς οὐ τὴν ἐν τοῖς Ἕλλησι δόξαν φυγὼν ἀπέβαλεν ἀλλὰ τὴν ἐν τοῖς βαρβάροις προσέλαβε· καὶ οὐδείς ἐστιν οὕτως ἀφιλότιμος οὐδʼ ἀγεννής, ὃς μᾶλλον ἂν ἐβούλετο Λεωβάτης ὁ γραψάμενος ἢ Θεμιστοκλῆς ὁ φυγαδευθεὶς εἶναι, καὶ Κλώδιος ὁ ἐκβαλὼν ἢ Κικέρων ὁ ἐκβληθείς, καὶ Ἀριστοφῶν ὁ κατηγορήσας ἢ Τιμόθεος ὁ μεταστὰς ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος.
And indeed Themistocles did not lose his reputation among the Greeks by fleeing, but acquired that among the barbarians; and there is no one so lacking in ambition or so ignoble who would rather have wished to be Leobates who prosecuted him than Themistocles who was exiled, and Clodius who expelled him than Cicero who was expelled, and Aristophon who accused him than Timotheus who migrated from his native land.