§10τὴν δὲ Τύχην καὶ οἱ μετʼ ἐκεῖνον ἐθαύμασαν βασιλεῖς ὡς πρωτόπολιν καὶ τιθηνὸν καὶ
φερέπολιν τῆς
Ῥώμης ἀληθῶς κατὰ Πίνδαρον Σέρβιος δὲ Τύλλιος, ἀνὴρ τῶν βασιλέων μάλιστα καὶ τὴν δύναμιν αὐξήσας τοῦ δήμου καὶ τὸ πολίτευμα κοσμήσας καὶ τάξιν μὲν ἐπιθεὶς ταῖς ψηφοφορίαις, τάξιν δὲ ταῖς στρατείαις, τιμητὴς δὲ πρῶτος καὶ βίων ἐπίσκοπος καὶ σωφροσύνης γενόμενος καὶ δοκῶν ἀνδρειότατος εἶναι καὶ φρονιμώτατος, αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὴν Τύχην ἀνῆπτε καὶ ἀνεδεῖτο τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἐξ ἐκείνης, ὥστε καὶ συνεῖναι δοκεῖν αὐτῷ τὴν Τύχην διά τινος θυρίδος καταβαίνουσαν εἰς τὸ δωμάτιον νῦν Φενέστελλαν πύλην καλοῦσιν.
And the kings after him also marveled at Fortune as truly, in the words of Pindar, the city-founder, nurse, and supporter of Rome. Servius Tullius—the man among the kings who especially increased the power of the people, adorned the constitution, established order in voting and order in military service, and who became the first censor and overseer of lives and moderation, and was thought to be most brave and wise—attached himself to Fortune and suspended his rule from her, so that Fortune was even thought to associate with him, descending into his bedchamber through a certain little window which they now call the Fenestella gate.
ἱδρύσατο δʼ οὖν Τύχης ἱερὸν ἐν μὲν Καπετωλίῳ τὸ τῆς Πριμιγενείας λεγομένης, ὃ πρωτογόνου τις ἂν ἑρμηνεύσειε· καὶ τὸ τῆς Ὀψεκουέντις, ἣν οἱ μὲν πειθήνιον οἱ δὲ μειλίχιον εἶναι νομίζουσι.
At any rate, he established a temple of Fortune: on the Capitol, that of the one called Primigenia, which one might translate as 'first-born'; and that of Obsequens, whom some consider compliant and others propitious.
μᾶλλον δὲ τὰς Ῥωμαϊκὰς ἐάσας ὀνομασίας Ἑλληνιστὶ τὰς δυνάμεις τῶν ἱδρυμάτων πειράσομαι καταριθμήσασθαι.
But rather, leaving aside the Roman names, I shall attempt to enumerate in Greek the powers of these foundations.
καὶ γὰρ ἰδίας Τύχης ἱερόν ἐστιν ἐν Παλατίῳ, καὶ τὸ τῆς ἰξευτρίας, εἰ καὶ γελοῖον, ἀλλʼ ἔχον ἐκ μεταφορᾶς ἀναθεώρησιν, οἷον ἑλκούσης τὰ πόρρω καὶ κρατούσης συμπροσισχόμενα.
For indeed there is a temple of Private Fortune on the Palatine, and that of the bird-catcher, which, even if ridiculous, has a significance from a metaphor, as of one drawing things from afar and holding what clings to her.
παρὰ δὲ τὴν Μουσκῶσαν καλουμένην κρήνην ἔτι Παρθένου Τύχης ἱερόν ἐστι καὶ ἐν Αἰσκυλίαις ἐπιστρεφομένης· ἐν δὲ τῷ μακρῷ στενωπῷ Τύχης βωμὸς Εὐέλπιδος· ἔστι δὲ καὶ παρὰ τὸν τῆς Ἀφροδίτης ἐπιταλαρίου βωμὸν ἄρρενος Τύχης ἕδος.
And by the so-called Muscosa spring there is still a temple of Virgin Fortune, and on the Esquiline that of the one who turns back; and in the long alley is an altar of Fortune of Good Hope; and there is also beside the altar of Aphrodite of the basket a seat of Male Fortune.
ἄλλαι τε μυρίαι Τύχης τιμαὶ καὶ ἐπικλήσεις, ὧν τὰς πλείστας Σερούιος κατέστησεν, εἰδὼς ὅτι
μεγάλη ῥοπή, μᾶλλον δʼ ὅλον ἡ Τύχη παρὰ πάντʼ ἐστὶ τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων πράγματα,
καὶ μάλιστὰ γʼ αὐτοῦ διʼ εὐτυχίαν ἐξ αἰχμαλώτου καὶ πολεμίου γένους εἰς βασιλείαν προαχθέντος.
There are countless other honors and titles of Fortune, most of which Servius established, knowing that Fortune is a great influence, or rather everything, in all human affairs, and especially because of his own advancement through good fortune from a captive and hostile race to the kingship.
τοῦ γὰρ Κορνικλάνων ἄστεος ἁλόντος ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων, Ὀκρησία παρθένος αἰχμάλωτος, ἧς οὐδὲ τὴν ὄψιν οὐδὲ τὸν τρόπον ἠμαύρωσεν ἡ τύχη, δοθεῖσα Τανακυλλίδι τῇ Ταρκυνίου γυναικὶ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐδούλευσε· καὶ πελάτης τις εἶχεν αὐτήν, οὓς κλιέντης Ῥωμαῖοι, καλοῦσιν· ἐκ τούτων ἐγεγόνει Σερούιος.
For when the city of Corniculum was taken by the Romans, Ocresia, a captive virgin, whose appearance and character fortune did not darken, was given to Tanaquil, the wife of King Tarquinius, and served as a slave; and a certain client, whom the Romans call cliens, married her; and from these Servius was born.
οἱ δʼ οὔ φασιν, ἀλλὰ παρθένον τὴν Ὀκρησίαν ἀπάργματα καὶ λοιβὴν ἑκάστοτε λαμβάνουσαν ἀπὸ τῆς βασιλικῆς τραπέζης ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν κομίζειν καί ποτε τυχεῖν μὲν αὐτήν, ὥσπερ εἰώθει, τῷ πυρὶ τὰς ἀπαρχὰς ἐπιβάλλουσαν, αἰφνίδιον δὲ τῆς φλογὸς μαρανθείσης μόριον ἀνδρὸς ἀνατεῖναι γόνιμον ἐκ τῆς ἑστίας, καὶ τοῦτο τὴν κόρην τῇ Τανακυλλίδι φράσαι μόνῃ περίφοβον γενομένην.
But others say not, but that Ocresia, being a virgin, took the first-fruits and libation each time from the royal table and carried them to the hearth, and once she happened, as she was accustomed, to cast the first-fruits upon the fire, and suddenly, the flame dying down, a generative member of a man rose up from the hearth, and the girl, becoming terrified, told this to Tanaquil alone.
τὴν δὲ συνετὴν οὖσαν καὶ φρενήρη κοσμῆσαί τε τὴν κόρην ὅσα νύμφαις πρέπει καὶ συγκαθεῖρξαι τῷ φάσματι, θεῖον ἡγουμένην.
And she, being intelligent and wise, adorned the girl with all things fitting for a bride and shut her in with the phantom, considering it divine.
οἱ μὲν ἥρωος οἰκουροῦ λέγουσιν, οἱ δʼ Ἡφαίστου τὸν ἔρωτα τοῦτον γενέσθαι.
Some say this love was of the household hero, and others of Hephaestus.
τίκτεται γοῦν Σερούιος, καὶ βρέφους ὄντος ἡ κεφαλὴ σέλας ἀστραπῇ παραπλήσιον ἀπήστραψεν.
At any rate, Servius was born, and when he was an infant, his head flashed a brightness resembling lightning.
οἱ δὲ περὶ Ἀντίαν οὐχ οὕτω λέγουσιν, ἀλλὰ τυχεῖν μὲν τῷ Σερουίῳ τὴν γυναῖκα Γεγανίαν θνήσκουσαν, αὐτὸν δὲ τῆς μητρὸς παρούσης εἰς ὕπνον ἐκ δυσθυμίας καὶ λύπης ἀποκλιθῆναι· καὶ καθεύδοντος αὐτοῦ ταῖς γυναιξὶν ὀφθῆναι τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ πυρὶ περιλαμπόμενον· ὅπερ ἦν μαρτύριον αὐτῷ τῆς ἐκ πυρὸς γενέσεως, σημεῖον δὲ χρηστὸν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀπροσδόκητον ἡγεμονίαν, ἧς ἔτυχε μετὰ τὴν Ταρκυνίου τελευτὴν Τανακυλλίδος σπουδασάσης.
But those around Antias do not speak thus, but say that Servius' wife Gegania happened to die, and he, out of dejection and grief in his mother's presence, leaned back into sleep; and while he slept, his face was seen by the women to be surrounded by fire; which was a testimony for him of his birth from fire, and a good sign of his unexpected rule, which he obtained after the death of Tarquinius through the exertion of Tanaquil.
ἐπεὶ πάντων γε τῶν βασιλέων πρὸς μοναρχίαν οὗτος ἀφυέστατος δοκεῖ γενέσθαι καὶ ἀπροθυμότατος, ὅς γε τὴν βασιλείαν ἀποθέσθαι διανοηθεὶς ἐκωλύθη· τελευτῶσα γὰρ, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἐξώρκωσε τοῦτον ἐμμεῖναι τῇ ἀρχῇ καὶ προθέσθαι τὴν πάτριον Ῥωμαίων πολιτείαν.
Since indeed of all the kings he seems to have been the least naturally fitted for and least eager for monarchy, who even intended to lay down the kingship but was prevented; for when she was dying, as it seems, she bound him by oath to remain in power and to promote the ancestral Roman constitution.
οὕτως ἡ Σερουίου βασιλεία παντάπασι τῆς Τύχης, ἣν ἔλαβέ τε μὴ προσδοκήσας καὶ μὴ βουλόμενος διεφύλαξεν.
Thus the reign of Servius belonged entirely to Fortune, which he preserved, having received it when not expecting it and when not wishing for it.