§11τῶν τοίνυν δεομένων ἰατρείας οἱ μὲν ὀδόντα πονοῦντες ἢ δάκτυλον αὐτόθεν βαδίζουσι παρὰ τοὺς θεραπεύοντας, οἱ δὲ πυρέττοντες οἴκαδε καλοῦσι καὶ δέονται βοηθεῖν, οἱ δʼ εἰς μελαγχολίαν ἢ φρενῖτιν ἢ παρακοπὴν ἥκοντες οὐδὲ φοιτῶντας ἐνιαχοῦ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἀνέχονται, ἀλλʼ ἐξελαύνουσιν ἢ φεύγουσιν, μηδʼ ὅτι νοσοῦσιν ὑπὸ τοῦ σφόδρα νοσεῖν αἰσθανόμενοι.
Among those, then, who need medical treatment, those who have a toothache or a sore finger go at once to the healers; those who have a fever call them to their homes and beg them to help; but those who have fallen into melancholy, frenzy, or madness sometimes do not even tolerate them when they visit, but drive them away or flee from them, not even perceiving that they are sick because of the severity of their sickness.
οὕτω δὴ καὶ τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων ἀνήκεστοι μὲν εἰσιν οἱ πρὸς τοὺς ἐλέγχοντας καὶ νουθετοῦντας ἐχθρῶς καὶ ἀγρίως διατιθέμενοι καὶ χαλεπαίνοντες οἱ δʼ ὑπομένοντες καὶ προσιέμενοι πραότερον ἔχουσι.
In just this way, among those who err, those who are hostilely and savagely disposed and angry toward those who refute and admonish them are incurable; whereas those who endure and admit them are more gentle.
τὸ δʼ ἑαυτὸν ἁμαρτάνοντα παρέχειν τοῖς ἐλέγχουσι καὶ τὸ πάθος λέγειν καὶ τὴν μοχθηρίαν διακαλύπτειν καὶ μὴ χαίρειν λανθάνοντα μηδʼ ἀγαπᾶν ἀγνοούμενον ἀλλʼ ὁμολογεῖν καὶ δεῖσθαι τοῦ ἁπτομένου καὶ νουθετοῦντος οὐ φαῦλον ἂν εἴη προκοπῆς σημεῖον.
But to offer oneself when erring to those who refute, and to tell one's passion, and to lay bare one's wickedness, and not to rejoice in being hidden nor to love being unrecognized, but to confess and to need the one who touches and admonishes, would be no mean sign of progress.
ὥς που Διογένης ἔλεγε τῷ σωτηρίας δεομένῳ ζητεῖν προσήκειν ἢ φίλον σπουδαῖον ἢ διάπυρον ἐχθρόν, ὅπως ἐλεγχόμενος ἢ θεραπευόμενος ἐκφεύγοι τὴν κακίαν.
As Diogenes somewhere used to say, that it behooves one who needs salvation to seek either a good friend or a burning enemy, so that by being refuted or treated he might escape vice.
ἄχρι δʼ οὗ τις ἐπιδεικνύμενος ῥύπον ἢ κηλῖδα χιτῶνος ἢ διερρωγὸς ὑπόδημα καλλωπίζεται πρὸς τοὺς ἐκτὸς ἀτυφίᾳ κενῇ καὶ νὴ Δία σκώπτων αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν ὡς μικρὸν ἢ ὡς κυρτὸν οἴεται νεανιεύεσθαι, τὰ δʼ ἐντὸς αἴσχη τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸν βίον ἐλλείμματα καὶ μικρολογίας καὶ φιληδονίας καὶ κακοηθείας καὶ φθόνους ὥσπερ ἕλκη περιστέλλων καὶ ἀποκρύπτων οὐδένα θιγεῖν οὐδὲ προσιδεῖν ἐᾷ δεδιὼς τὸν ἔλεγχον, ὀλίγον αὐτῷ προκοπῆς μέτεστι, μᾶλλον δʼ οὐδέν.
But as long as someone, while showing off dirt or a stain on his cloak or a torn shoe, prides himself before outsiders on an empty lack of vanity, and, by Zeus, mocking himself as short or hunchbacked, thinks he is playing the bold youth, but, wrapping up and hiding the inner shames of the soul and the defects of his life, his pettiness, love of pleasure, malice, and envies like ulcers, allows no one to touch or look at them because he fears refutation, he has little share in progress, or rather none at all.
ἀλλʼ ὁ τούτοις ὁμόσε χωρῶν καὶ μάλιστα μὲν αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν ἀλγύνειν ἁμαρτάνοντα καὶ κακίζειν, δεύτερον δὲ παρέχειν ἑτέρου νουθετοῦντος ἐγκαρτεροῦντα καὶ καθαιρόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν ἐλέγχων καὶ δυνάμενος καὶ βουλόμενος, οὗτος ἀποτριβομένῳ καὶ βδελυττομένῳ τὴν μοχθηρίαν ἀληθῶς ἔοικε.
But he who goes to meet these head-on, and most of all, is able and willing to pain and blame himself when erring, and secondly, to endure being admonished by another and to be purified by refutations, this man truly resembles one who is rubbing away and loathing his wickedness.
δεῖ μὲν γὰρ ἀμέλει καὶ τὸ δοκεῖν εἶναι πονηρὸν αἰδεῖσθαι καὶ φεύγειν· ὁ δὲ τὴν οὐσίαν μᾶλλον τῆς μοχθηρίας ἢ τὴν ἀδοξίαν δυσχεραίνων οὐ φεύγει τὸ κακῶς ἀκοῦσαι καὶ εἰπεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ βελτίων γενέσθαι.
For indeed, one must certainly feel shame at appearing to be wicked and avoid it; but he who is vexed by the substance of wickedness more than by the bad reputation does not avoid being spoken ill of and speaking of it himself for the sake of becoming better.
χαρίεν γὰρ τὸ τοῦ Διογένους πρός τινα νεανίσκον ὀφθέντα μὲν ἐν καπηλείῳ, καταφυγόντα δʼ εἰς τὸ καπηλεῖον,
ὅσῳ
γὰρ εἶπεν
ἐνδοτέρω φεύγεις, μᾶλλον ἐν τῷ καπηλείῳ γίγνῃ. καὶ τῶν φαύλων ἕκαστος ὅσῳ μᾶλλον ἀρνεῖται, τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον ἐνδύεται καὶ καθείργνυσιν εἰς τὴν κακίαν ἑαυτόν.
For delightful was the saying of Diogenes to a certain young man who was seen in a tavern and fled into the tavern; for he said, "The further inside you flee, the more you are in the tavern." And each of the base, the more he denies, the more he wraps himself in and shuts himself up in vice.
ἀμέλει τῶν πενομένων οἱ προσποιούμενοι πλουτεῖν ἔτι μᾶλλον πένονται διὰ τὴν ἀλαζονείαν· ὁ δὲ προκόπτων ἀληθῶς τὸν Ἱπποκράτη ποιεῖται παράδειγμα, τὸ περὶ τὰς ῥαφὰς τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀγνοηθὲν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐξαγορεύσαντα καὶ γράψαντα, λογιζόμενος ὅτι δεινόν ἐστιν ἐκεῖνον μέν, ὅπως ἂν ἕτεροι μὴ τὸ αὐτὸ πάθωσιν, ἑαυτοῦ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν κατειπεῖν, αὐτὸν δέ τινα μέλλοντα σῴζεσθαι μὴ τολμᾶν ἐλέγχεσθαι μηδʼ ὁμολογεῖν τὴν ἀβελτερίαν καὶ ἀμαθίαν.
Certainly, among the poor, those who pretend to be rich are even poorer because of their boastfulness; but he who is truly progressing makes Hippocrates his model, who confessed and wrote down what was unknown to him concerning the sutures of the skull, reflecting that it is a terrible thing that while that man, so that others might not suffer the same, told of his own error, someone who is himself about to be saved does not dare to be refuted nor to confess his foolishness and ignorance.
καὶ μὴν τά γε Βίαντος καὶ Πύρρωνος οὐ προκοπῆς ἄν τις ἀλλὰ μείζονος ἕξεως σημεῖα θεῖτο καὶ τελειοτέρας.
And indeed, the deeds of Bias and Pyrrho one would set down not as signs of progress, but of a greater and more perfect state.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ τοὺς συνήθεις οἴεσθαι προκόπτειν ὅταν τῶν λοιδορούντων οὕτως ἀκούωσιν ὡς λεγόντων
"
ξεῖνʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔτε κακῷ οὔτʼ ἄφρονι φωτὶ ἔοικας,
οὖλέ τε καὶ μέγα χαῖρε, θεοὶ δέ τοι ὄλβια δοῖεν
"
Πύρρωνα δέ φασι πλέοντα καὶ κινδυνεύοντα χειμῶνος δελφάκιόν τι δεῖξαι χρώμενον ἀσμένως κριθαῖς παρεγκεχυμέναις, καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἑταίρους εἰπεῖν ὅτι τοιαύτην ἀπάθειαν παρασκευαστέον ἐκ λόγου καὶ φιλοσοφίας τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν προστυγχανόντων ταράττεσθαι μὴ βουλόμενον.
For the former thought that his acquaintances were progressing when they heard those who reviled them as if they were saying: "Stranger, since you seem like neither a base nor a foolish man, hail and be of good cheer, and may the gods grant you blessings." And of Pyrrho they say that while sailing and being in danger of a storm, he pointed to a certain piglet eating gladly the barley that had been spilled, and said to his companions that such impassibility (apatheia) must be prepared through reason and philosophy by one who does not wish to be troubled by occurrences.