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Plutarch · Life of Otho §7.1-7.5

Caecina's Ambush near Cremona and Otho's New Commanders

Passage 7 of 18 · Greek

Summary

Caecina shifts his target to Cremona and sets an ambush, but Celsus discovers the trap and foils it. Paulinus, an Othonian general, is accused of treachery due to his late response, leading Otho to send his brother Titianus and the prefect Proclus to take control of the armies.

§7.1ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἀποκρουσθεὶς τῆς Πλακεντίας ὁ Κεκίνας ἐπὶ Κρεμώνην ὥρμησεν, ἑτέραν πόλιν εὐδαίμονα καὶ μεγάλην, πρῶτος μὲν Ἄννιος Γάλλος πρὸς Πλακεντίαν Σπουρίνᾳ βοηθῶν, ὡς ἤκουσε καθʼ ὁδὸν τοὺς Πλακεντίνους περιγεγονέναι, κινδυνεύειν δὲ τοὺς ἐν Κρεμώνῃ, μετήγαγεν ἐκεῖ τὸ στράτευμα καὶ κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῶν πολεμίων ἔπειτα καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἕκαστος ἐβοήθει τῷ στρατηγῷ.
For when Caecina, repulsed from Placentia, set out for Cremona, another prosperous and large city, Annius Gallus, who was at first bringing aid to Spurinna at Placentia, when he heard on the way that the people of Placentia had prevailed, but that those in Cremona were in danger, redirected his army thither and encamped near the enemy; then each of the others also came to aid the general.
§7.2τοῦ δὲ Κεκίνα λοχίσαντος εἰς λάσια χωρία καὶ ὑλώδη πολλοὺς ὁπλίτας, ἱππεῖς δὲ προεξελάσαι κελεύσαντος, κἂν συνάψωσιν οἱ πολέμιοι κατὰ μικρὸν ἀναχωρεῖν καὶ ἀναφεύγειν, ἄχρι ἂν ὑπάγοντες οὕτως ἐμβάλωσιν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν ἐνέδραν, ἐξήγγειλαν αὐτόμολοι τῷ Κέλσῳ.
When Caecina placed many hoplites in ambush in bushy and wooded places, and ordered cavalry to ride out in advance, and, if the enemy engaged them, to retreat gradually and flee, until they should lead them in this way and throw them into the ambush, deserters reported this to Celsus.
καὶ οὗτος μὲν ἱππεῦσιν ἀγαθοῖς ἀντεξελάσας, πεφυλαγμένως δὲ χρώμενος τῇ διώξει καὶ τὴν ἐνέδραν περισχὼν καὶ συνταράξας, ἐκάλει τοὺς ὁπλίτας ἐκ τοῦ στρατοπέδου.
And he, riding out against them with excellent cavalry, but using the pursuit cautiously, and surrounding and throwing the ambush into confusion, summoned the hoplites from the camp.
§7.3καὶ δοκοῦσιν ἂν ἐπελθόντες ἐν καιρῷ μηδένα λιπεῖν τῶν πολεμίων, ἀλλὰ πᾶν τὸ μετὰ Κεκίνα στράτευμα συντρῖψαι καὶ ἀνελεῖν ἐπισπόμενοι τοῖς ἱππεῦσι· νυνὶ δὲ ὁ Παυλῖνος ὀψὲ καὶ σχολῇ προσβοηθήσας αἰτίαν ἔσχεν ἐνδεέστερον τῆς δόξης στρατηγῆσαι διʼ εὐλάβειαν.
And they seem, if they had come up in time, likely to have left none of the enemy, but to have crushed and destroyed the entire army with Caecina, following the cavalry; but as it was, Paulinus, having brought aid late and slowly, incurred the charge of having commanded in a manner inferior to his reputation, out of caution.
§7.4οἱ δὲ πολλοὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν καὶ προδοσίαν ἐνεκάλουν αὐτῷ, καὶ παρώξυνον τὸν Ὄθωνα, μεγαληγοροῦντες ὡς νενικηκότων αὐτῶν, τῆς δὲ νίκης οὐκ ἐπὶ πᾶν προελθούσης κακίᾳ τῶν στρατηγῶν.
Most of the soldiers even accused him of treachery, and incited Otho, boasting loudly that they had been victorious, but that the victory had not proceeded to the end because of the cowardice of the generals.
ὁ δὲ Ὄθων οὐχ οὕτως ἐπίστευεν αὐτοῖς ὡς ἐβούλετο μὴ δοκεῖν ἀπιστεῖν.
And Otho did not so much believe them as he wished not to seem to disbelieve.
ἔπεμψεν οὖν Τιτιανὸν ἐπὶ τὰ στρατεύματα τὸν ἀδελφὸν καὶ Πρόκλον τὸν ἔπαρχον, ὃς εἶχεν ἔργῳ τὴν πᾶσαν ἀρχήν, πρόσχημα δὲ ἦν ὁ Τιτιανός.
Therefore he sent his brother Titianus to the armies, and Proclus the prefect, who in fact had the entire command, while Titianus was the figurehead.
§7.5οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Κέλσον καὶ Παυλῖνον ἄλλως ἐφείλκοντο συμβούλων ὄνομα καὶ φίλων, ἐξουσίαν καὶ δύναμιν ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι μηδεμίαν ἔχοντες, ἦν δὲ θορυβώδη καὶ τὰ παρὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς ὑπὸ τῷ Οὐάλεντι·
And those around Celsus and Paulinus dragged along in vain the name of counselors and friends, having no authority or power in affairs.
καὶ τῆς περὶ τὴν ἐνέδραν μάχης ἀπαγγελθείσης ἐχαλέπαινον ὅτι μὴ παρεγένοντο μηδὲ ἤμυναν ἀνδρῶν τοσούτων ἀποθανόντων, μόλις δὲ πείσας καὶ παραιτησάμενος ὡρμημένους αὐτοὺς βάλλειν ἀνέζευξε καὶ συνῆψε τοῖς περὶ Κεκίναν.
And things on the side of the enemy were also turbulent, especially among those under Valens; and when the battle around the ambush was reported, they were angry that they had not been present nor had they helped when so many men had died, and having with difficulty persuaded and appeased them when they were eager to pelt him, he struck camp and joined those around Caecina.

Notes

  1. §7.3δοκοῦσιν ἂν ἐπελθόντες — A complex construction combining the personal use of `δοκοῦσι` ('they seem to...') with `ἄν` plus the aorist infinitives (`λιπεῖν`, `συντρῖψαι`, `ἀνελεῖν`) to express a past counterfactual statement ('it seems that they would have...'). The participle `ἐπελθόντες` functions as the protasis of the condition ('if they had come up'). The subject is the hoplites mentioned in the previous section.
  2. §7.4ὡς νενικηκότων αὐτῶν — A genitive absolute introduced by the conjunction `ὡς`, representing the subjective claim of the soldiers ('on the ground that they had been victorious'). The following clause `τῆς δὲ νίκης...` is also a genitive absolute, contrasting the actual failure to complete the victory.
  3. §7.5ὡρμημένους αὐτοὺς βάλλειν — The infinitive `βάλλειν` here means 'to pelt' (with stones). The participle `ὡρμημένους` ('eager to', 'rushing to') modifies `αὐτούς` (the soldiers), referring to their eagerness to stone Valens. The entire phrase serves as the direct object of the participle `παραιτησάμενος` ('having appeased/appealing to').

Cite this passage

Plutarch, Life of Otho §7.1-7.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg066.humanitext-grc2:7.1-7.5

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