§3.1ἀπʼ ἄλλης τοίνυν ἀρχῆς, ἐν ταῖς στρατηγίαις καὶ τοῖς πολεμικοῖς, ἀριθμῷ μὲν τροπαίων καὶ μεγέθει δυνάμεων ἃς ἐπηγάγετο Πομπήϊος, καὶ πλήθει παρατάξεων ἃς ἐνίκησεν, οὐδʼ ἂν ὁ Ξενοφῶν μοι δοκεῖ παραβαλεῖν τὰς Ἀγησιλάου νίκας, ᾧ διὰ τἆλλα καλὰ καθάπερ γέρας ἐξαίρετον δέδοται καὶ γράφειν ὃ βούλοιτο καὶ λέγειν περὶ τοῦ ἀνδρός.
If, then, we start from another point of view, namely, their generalship and military achievements, in the number of trophies and the size of the forces which Pompey led, and the multitude of pitched battles which he won, I do not believe that even Xenophon would compare the victories of Agesilaus with his, although to Xenophon, because of the other noble qualities of Agesilaus, has been granted, as it were a special privilege, the right to write and say whatever he wished about the man.
§3.2οἶμαι δὲ καὶ τῇ πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους ἐπιεικείᾳ διαφέρειν τὸν ἄνδρα τοῦ ἀνδρός.
But I think that in clemency toward enemies, the one man surpasses the other.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ ἀνδραποδίσασθαι Θήβας καὶ Μεσσήνην ἐξοικίσασθαι βουλόμενος, ἣν μὲν ὁμόκληρον τῆς πατρίδος, ἣν δὲ μητρόπολιν τοῦ γένους, παρʼ οὐδὲν ἦλθε τὴν Σπάρτην ἀποβαλεῖν, ἀπέβαλε δὲ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ὁ δὲ καὶ τῶν πειρατῶν τοῖς μεταβαλομένοις πόλεις ἔδωκε, καὶ Τιγράνην τὸν Ἀρμενίων βασιλέα γενόμενον ἐφʼ ἑαυτῷ θριαμβεῦσαι σύμμαχον ἐποιήσατο, φήσας ἡμέρας μιᾶς αἰῶνα προτιμᾶν.
For the latter, wishing to enslave Thebes and to depopulate Messene, the one a city of equal rank with his own country, the other the mother-city of his race, came within a hair’s breadth of losing Sparta itself, and did lose her supremacy; whereas the former gave cities to those of the pirates who changed their way of life, and made Tigranes, the king of the Armenians, who had come into his power and was subject to being led in triumph, his ally instead, saying that he preferred the honor of a lifetime to that of a single day.
§3.3εἰ μέντοι τοῖς μεγίστοις καὶ κυριωτάτοις εἰς τὰ ὅπλα πράγμασι καὶ λογισμοῖς προστίθεται πρωτεῖον ἀρετῆς ἀνδρὸς ἡγεμόνος, οὐ μικρὸν ὁ Λάκων τὸν Ῥωμαῖον ἀπολέλοιπε.
If, however, the primacy in a commander's virtue is attributed to the greatest and most decisive actions and calculations in war, the Spartan falls not a little short of the Roman.
πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ οὐ προήκατο τὴν πόλιν οὐδʼ ἐξέλιπεν ἑπτὰ μυριάσι στρατοῦ τῶν πολεμίων ἐμβαλόντων, ὀλίγους ἔχων ὁπλίτας καὶ προνενικημένους ἐν Λεύκτροις· §3.4Πομπήϊος δέ, πεντακισχιλίοις μόνοις καὶ τριακοσίοις μίαν Καίσαρος πόλιν Ἰταλικὴν καταλαβόντος, ἐξέπεσε τῆς Ῥώμης ὑπὸ δέους, ἢ τοσούτοις εἴξας ἀγεννῶς ἢ πλείονας ψευδῶς εἰκάσας·
For, in the first place, Agesilaus did not abandon his city nor desert it when the enemy invaded with seventy thousand men, although he had only a few hoplites, and those already defeated at Leuctra; but Pompey, when Caesar occupied a single Italian city with only five thousand three hundred men, fled from Rome in terror, either yielding basely to so small a force, or falsely estimating it to be larger.
καὶ συσκευασάμενος τὰ τέκνα καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα αὑτοῦ, τὰς δὲ τῶν ἄλλων πολιτῶν ἐρήμους ἀπολιπὼν ἔφυγε, δέον ἢ κρατεῖν μαχόμενον ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος ἢ δέχεσθαι διαλύσεις παρὰ τοῦ κρείττονος· ἦν γὰρ πολίτης καὶ οἰκεῖος· §3.5νῦν δὲ ᾧ στρατηγίας χρόνον ἐπιμετρῆσαι καὶ ὑπατείαν ψηφίσασθαι δεινὸν ἡγεῖτο, τούτῳ παρέσχε λαβόντι τὴν πόλιν εἰπεῖν πρὸς Μέτελλον ὅτι κἀκεῖνον αἰχμάλωτον αὑτοῦ νομίζει καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἅπαντας.
And having packed up his own children and wife, he fled, leaving those of the other citizens destitute, whereas he ought either to have conquered in battle fighting for his country, or to have accepted terms of settlement from his superior; for Caesar was a fellow-citizen and a relative; but as it was, to the very man for whom he thought it a terrible thing to extend his term of command and to vote a consulship, to this man, when he had taken the city, Pompey gave the opportunity to say to Metellus that he considered both Metellus himself and all the rest to be his captives.