§3.1ἴδιον δὲ τοῦ Σόλωνος ἡ τῶν χρεῶν ἄνεσις, ᾗ μάλιστα τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἐβεβαίωσε τοῖς πολίταις.
And unique to Solon is the release of debts, by which especially he secured freedom for the citizens.
οὐδὲν γὰρ ὄφελος νόμων ἰσότητα παρεχόντων, ἣν ἀφαιρεῖται τὰ χρέα τοὺς πένητας· ἀλλʼ ὅποι· μάλιστα χρῆσθαι τῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ δοκοῦσι, δουλεύουσι μάλιστα τοῖς πλουσίοις, ἐν τῷ δικάζειν καὶ ἄρχειν καὶ λέγειν ἐπιταττόμενοι καὶ ὑπηρετοῦντες.
For there is no benefit in laws providing equality, which debts take away from the poor; but where they seem most to enjoy freedom, there they are most enslaved to the rich, being commanded and serving in judging, holding office, and speaking.
§3.2τούτου δὲ μεῖζον, ὅτι πάσῃ χρεῶν ἀποκοπῇ στάσεως ἑπομένης, ἐκείνῃ μόνῃ, καθάπερ φαρμάκῳ παραβόλῳ μέν, ἰσχυρῷ δὲ χρησάμενος εὐκαίρως, καὶ τὴν οὖσαν στάσιν ἔλυσε, τῇ περὶ αὐτὸν ἀρετῇ καὶ δόξῃ τῆς τοῦ πράγματος ἀδοξίας καὶ διαβολῆς περιγενόμενος.
And greater than this is that, while civil strife follows every cancellation of debts, he alone, by using that measure opportunely, as if it were a dangerous but powerful drug, both dissolved the existing civil strife, overcoming by his own virtue and reputation the ill-repute and slander of the deed.
τῆς δʼ ὅλης πολιτείας τῇ μὲν ἀρχῇ λαμπρότερος ὁ Σόλων· ἡγήσατο γὰρ καὶ οὐκ ἠκολούθησε, καὶ καθʼ αὑτόν, οὐ μεθʼ ἑτέρων, ἔπραξε τὰ πλεῖστα καὶ μέγιστα τῶν κοινῶν τῷ τέλει δὲ ἅτερος εὐτυχὴς καὶ ζηλωτός.
But as for the whole constitution, in its beginning Solon was more illustrious; for he led and did not follow, and by himself, not with others, performed most of the greatest public acts; but in its end, the other was fortunate and enviable.
§3.3τὴν μὲν γὰρ Σόλωνος πολιτείαν αὐτὸς ἐπεῖδε Σόλων καταλυθεῖσαν, ἡ δὲ Ποπλικόλα μέχρι τῶν ἐμφυλίων πολέμων διεφύλαξεν ἐν κόσμῳ τὴν πόλιν ὁ μὲν γὰρ ἅμα τῷ θέσθαι τοὺς νόμους ἀπολιπὼν ἐν ξύλοις καὶ γράμμασιν ἐρήμους τοῦ βοηθοῦντος ᾤχετʼ ἀπιὼν ἐκ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, ὁ δὲ μένων καὶ ἄρχων καὶ πολιτευόμενος ἵδρυσε καὶ κατέστησεν εἰς ἀσφαλὲς τὴν πολιτείαν.
For Solon himself lived to see Solon's constitution dissolved, but that of Publicola preserved the city in order until the civil wars. For the one, as soon as he established his laws, left them on wooden tablets and in writing, destitute of anyone to defend them, and departed from Athens; but the other, remaining and ruling and managing the state, established and settled the constitution on a secure basis.
§3.4ἔτι δʼ ἐκείνῳ μὲν οὐδὲ μέλλοντα κωλῦσαι προαισθομένῳ Πεισίστρατον ὑπῆρξεν, ἀλλʼ ἡττήθη συνισταμένης τῆς τυραννίδος· οὗτος δὲ βασιλείαν ἰσχύουσαν ἐκ πολλῶν χρόνων ἤδη καὶ κρατοῦσαν ἐξέβαλε καὶ κατέλυσεν, ἀρετὴν μὲν ἴσην καὶ προαίρεσιν ὁμοίαν παρασχόμενος, τύχῃ δὲ καὶ δυνάμει τελεσιουργῷ πρὸς τὴν ἀρετὴν χρησάμενος.
Furthermore, it was not even possible for the former, although he foresaw it, to prevent Peisistratus who was about to make himself tyrant, but he was defeated while the tyranny was being established; but the latter expelled and dissolved a kingship already powerful and dominant for many years, displaying equal virtue and similar purpose, but employing fortune and an effective power that brought his virtue to completion.