§12.1οἱ δὲ Ποντίφικες καὶ τὰ περὶ τὰς ταφὰς πάτρια τοῖς χρῄζουσιν ἀφηγοῦνται, Νομᾶ διδάξαντος μηδὲν ἡγεῖσθαι μίασμα τῶν τοιούτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἐκεῖ θεοὺς σέβεσθαι τοῖς νενομισμένοις, ὡς τὰ κυριώτατα τῶν ἡμετέρων ὑποδεχομένους ἐξαιρέτως δὲ τὴν προσαγορευομένην Λιβίτιναν, ἐπίσκοπον τῶν περὶ τοὺς θνήσκοντας ὁσίων θεὸν οὖσαν, εἴτε Περσεφόνην εἴτε μᾶλλον, ὡς οἱ λογιώτατοι Ῥωμαίων ὑπολαμβάνουσιν, Ἀφροδίτην, οὐ κακῶς εἰς μιᾶς δύναμιν θεοῦ τὰ περὶ τὰς γενέσεις καὶ τὰς τελευτὰς ἀνάπτοντες.
The Pontifices also explain the ancestral rites concerning burials to those who require them, since Numa taught them to consider none of these things as a pollution, but to worship also the gods below with the customary rites, since they receive the most sovereign parts of ourselves; and especially the goddess called Libitina, who is the overseer of the sacred rites concerning the dying, whether she is Persephone or rather, as the most learned of the Romans suppose, Aphrodite, not inappropriately connecting the things concerning births and those concerning deaths to the power of one goddess.
§12.2αὐτὸς δὲ καὶ τὰ πένθη καθʼ ἡλικίας καὶ χρόνους ἔταξεν οἷον παῖδα μὴ πενθεῖν νεώτερον τριετοῦς, μηδὲ πρεσβύτερον πλείονας μῆνας ὧν ἐβίωσεν ἐνιαυτῶν μέχρι τῶν δέκα, καὶ περαιτέρω μηδεμίαν ἡλικίαν, ἀλλὰ τοῦ μακροτάτου πένθους χρόνον εἶναι δεκαμηνιαῖον, ἐφʼ ὅσον καὶ χηρεύουσιν αἱ τῶν ἀποθανόντων γυναῖκες, ἡ δὲ πρότερον γαμηθεῖσα βοῦν ἐγκύμονα κατέθυεν ἐκείνου νομοθετήσαντος.
And Numa himself also regulated mourning periods according to age and time; for instance, that they should not mourn for a child younger than three years, nor for an older one for more months than the years he had lived, up to ten, and no further for any age, but that the time of the longest mourning should be ten months, which is also the period during which the widows of the deceased remain unmarried, and she who married before this time sacrificed a pregnant cow, according to his law.
§12.3πολλὰς δὲ καὶ ἄλλας Νομᾶ καταδείξαντος ἱερωσύνας ἔτι δυεῖν μνησθήσομαι, τῆς τε Σαλίων καὶ τῆς τῶν Φιτιαλέων, αἱ μάλιστα τὴν εὐσέβειαν τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐμφαίνουσιν.
Although Numa established many other priesthoods, I shall mention yet two more, namely, that of the Salii and that of the Fetiales, which especially show the piety of the man.
οἱ μὲν γάρ Φιτιαλεῖς εἰρηνοφύλακές τινες ὄντες, ὡς δ’ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, καὶ τοὔνομα λαβόντες ἀπὸ τῆς πράξεως, λόγῳ τὰ νείκη κατέπαυον, οὐκ ἐῶντες στρατεύειν πρότερον ἢ πᾶσαν ἐλπίδα δίκης ἀποκοπῆναι.
For the Fetiales were a kind of guardians of peace, and, as it seems to me, took their name from their office, and used to put an end to disputes by word, not allowing them to wage war until all hope of justice was cut off.
§12.4καὶ γὰρ εἰρήνην Γ? Ἕλληνες καλοῦσιν ὅταν λόγῳ, μὴ βίᾳ, πρὸς ἀλλήλους χρώμενοι λύσωσι τὰς διαφοράς, οἱ δὲ Ῥωμαίων Φιτιαλεῖς πολλάκις μὲν ἐβάδιζον ὡς τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας αὐτοὶ πείθοντες εὐγνωμονεῖν· ἀγνωμονούντων δὲ μαρτυράμενοι θεούς, καὶ κατευξάμενοι πολλὰ καὶ δεινὰ καθʼ αὑτῶν αὐτοὶ καὶ τῆς πατρίδος εἰ μὴ δικαίως ἐπεξίασιν, οὕτω κατήγγελλον αὐτοῖς τὸν πόλεμον.
For indeed, the Greeks call it peace when they settle their differences by using reason, not force, and the Fetiales of the Romans often went to those who committed injustice to persuade them in person to act reasonably; but if they were unreasonable, they called the gods to witness, and after calling down many terrible curses upon themselves and their country if they did not prosecute justly, they thus declared war against them.
§12.5κωλυόντων δὲ τούτων ἢ μὴ συναινούντων, οὔτε στρατιώτῃ θεμιτὸν οὔτε βασιλεῖ Ῥωμαίων ὅπλα κινεῖν, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τούτων ἔδει τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ πολέμου δεξάμενον ὡς δικαίου τὸν ἄρχοντα, τότε σκοπεῖν περὶ τοῦ συμφέροντος, λέγεται δὲ καὶ τὸ Κελτικὸν ἐκεῖνο πάθος τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι τούτων τῶν ἱερέων παρανομηθέντων.
And if these priests forbade it or did not consent, it was not lawful for either a soldier or a king of the Romans to take up arms, but the commander had to receive the beginning of the war from them as being just, and only then consider what was advantageous; and it is said that even that disaster caused by the Celts befell the city because these priests had been treated unlawfully.
§12.6ἔτυχον μὲν γὰρ οἱ βάρβαροι Κλουσίνους πολιορκοῦντες· ἐπέμφθη δὲ πρεσβευτὴς Φάβιος Ἄμβουστος εἰς τὸ στρατόπεδον διαλύσεις πράξων ὑπὲρ τῶν πολιορκουμένων.
For it happened that the barbarians were besieging the Clusinians; and Fabius Ambustus was sent as an ambassador to their camp to negotiate terms on behalf of the besieged.
λαβὼν δὲ ἀποκρίσεις οὐκ ἐπιεικεῖς καὶ πέρας σχεῖν αὑτῷ τὴν πρεσβείαν οἰόμενος, ἐνεανιεύσατο πρὸ τῶν Κλουσίνων ὅπλα λαβὼν προκαλέσασθαι τὸν ἀριστεύοντα τῶν βαρβάρων.
But when he received replies that were not reasonable, and thinking that his embassy had reached its end, he boldly took up arms in front of the Clusinians and challenged the bravest of the barbarians to single combat.
§12.7τὰ μὲν οὖν τῆς μάχης εὐτυχεῖτο καὶ καταβαλὼν ἐσκύλευσε τὸν ἄνδρα γνωρίσαντες δὲ οἱ Κελτοὶ πέμπουσιν εἰς Ῥώμην κήρυκα τοῦ Φαβίου κατηγοροῦντες ὡς ἐκσπόνδου καὶ ἀπίστου καὶ ἀκατάγγελτον ἐξενηνοχότος πρὸς αὐτοὺς πόλεμον.
Now, he was successful in the fight and stripped the man after striking him down; but when the Celts recognized him, they sent a herald to Rome accusing Fabius of violating the treaty and breaking faith, having waged war against them without declaration.
ἐνταῦθα τὴν μὲν σύγκλητον οἱ Φιτιαλεῖς ἔπειθον ἐκδιδόναι τὸν ἄνδρα τοῖς Κελτοῖς, καταφυγὼν δὲ ἐκεῖνος εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς καὶ τῷ δήμῳ σπουδάζοντι χρησάμενος διεκρούσατο τὴν δίκην.
Thereupon, the Fetiales tried to persuade the Senate to deliver the man to the Celts, but he fled to the multitude and, by employing the favor of the people, eluded the trial.
μετʼ ὀλίγον δὲ ἐπελθόντες οἱ Κελτοὶ τὴν Ῥώμην πλὴν τοῦ Καπιτωλίου διεπόρθησαν.
A short time later, the Celts came and plundered Rome, except for the Capitoline.
ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ἐν τοῖς περὶ Καμίλλου μᾶλλον ἀκριβοῦται.
But these things are related with more accuracy in the life of Camillus.