§1.1ἃ μὲν οὖν ἄξια μνήμης πυθέσθαι περὶ Ῥωμύλου καὶ Θησέως συμβέβηκεν ἡμῖν, ταῦτʼ ἐστί.
These, then, are the things which we have happened to learn about Romulus and Theseus that are worthy of mention.
φαίνεται δὲ πρῶτον ὁ μὲν ἐκ προαιρέσεως, οὐδενὸς ἀναγκάζοντος, ἀλλʼ ἐξὸν ἀδεῶς ἐν Τροιζῆνι βασιλεύειν διαδεξάμενον ἀρχὴν οὐκ ἄδοξον, αὐτὸς ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ μεγάλων ὀρεχθείς· ὁ δὲ δουλείας φυγῇ παρούσης καὶ τιμωρίας ἐπιφερομένης, ἐκεῖνο τὸ τοῦ Πλάτωνος, ἀτεχνῶς ὑπὸ δέους ἀνδρεῖος γενόμενος, καὶ φόβῳ τοῦ τὰ ἔσχατα παθεῖν ἐπὶ τὸ δρᾶν μεγάλα διʼ ἀνάγκην παραγενόμενος.
First, it appears that the one, from deliberate choice, no one compelling him, but though it was possible for him to reign without fear in Troezen, having inherited no inglorious rule, of his own accord reached out for great things; the other, because escape from slavery was at hand and punishment was hanging over him, became brave absolutely out of fear, in that saying of Plato, and because of the dread of suffering the worst, came to perform great deeds through necessity.
§1.2ἔπειτα τούτου μὲν ἔργον ἐστὶ τὸ μέγιστον ἀνελεῖν ἕνα τὸν Ἄλβης τύραννον, ἐκείνου δὲ πάρεργα καὶ προάγωνες ἦσαν ὁ Σκείρων, ὁ Σίνις, ὁ Προκρούστης, ὁ Κορυνήτης, οὓς ἀναιρῶν καὶ κολάζων ἀπήλαττε τὴν Ἑλλάδα δεινῶν τυράννων πρὶν ὅστις ἐστὶ γινώσκειν τοὺς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ σῳζομένους, καὶ τῷ μὲν παρῆν ἀπραγμόνως κομίζεσθαι διὰ θαλάττης ἀδικουμένῳ μηδὲν ὑπὸ τῶν λῃστῶν, Ῥωμύλῳ δʼ οὐ παρῆν μὴ πράγματα ἔχειν Ἀμουλίου ζῶντος.
Next, while the greatest deed of the latter is to destroy a single tyrant of Alba, the former's incidental exploits and preliminary contests were Sceiron, Sinis, Procrustes, and Corynetes, by destroying and punishing whom he freed Greece from terrible tyrants, even before those who were saved by him knew who he was; and while the one could travel by sea without trouble, suffering no harm from pirates, Romulus could not avoid having trouble as long as Amulius lived.
§1.3μέγα δὲ τούτου τεκμήριον ὁ μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲν αὐτὸς ἀδικούμενος ὥρμησεν ὑπὲρ ἄλλων ἐπὶ τοὺς πονηρούς, οἱ δʼ ὅσον αὐτοὶ κακῶς οὐκ ἔπασχον ὑπὸ τοῦ τυράννου, περιεώρων ἀδικοῦντα πάντας.
And of this there is a great proof: for the one, being himself not wronged at all, set out on behalf of others against evil-doers, whereas the others, as long as they themselves did not suffer ill at the hands of the tyrant, overlooked his wronging everyone.
καὶ μὴν εἰ μέγα τὸ τρωθῆναι μαχόμενον Σαβίνοις καὶ ἀνελεῖν Ἄκρωνα καὶ πολλῶν μάχῃ κρατῆσαι πολεμίων, τούτοις μὲν ἔστι τοῖς ἔργοις κενταυρομαχίαν καὶ τὰ πρὸς Ἀμαζόνας παραβαλεῖν· §1.4ὃ δʼ ἐτόλμησε Θησεὺς περὶ τὸν Κρητικὸν δασμόν, εἴτε τινὶ θηρίῳ βοράν, εἴτε πρόσφαγμα τοῖς Ἀνδρόγεω τάφοις, εἴθʼ, ὃ κουφότατόν ἐστὶ τῶν λεγομένων, λατρεύειν παρʼ ἀνδράσιν ὑβρισταῖς καὶ δυσμενέσιν ἀκλεῆ λατρείαν καὶ ἄτιμον ἐπιδοὺς ἑαυτόν, ἑκουσίως μετὰ παρθένων πλεύσας καὶ παίδων νέων, οὐκ ἂν εἴποι τις ἡλίκης ἐστὶ τόλμης ἢ μεγαλοφροσύνης ἢ δικαιοσύνης περὶ τὸ κοινὸν ἢ πόθου δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς.
And indeed, if it is a great thing to be wounded fighting the Sabines, and to slay Acron, and to defeat many enemies in battle, to these deeds we may compare the Centauromachy and the campaign against the Amazons; but as for what Theseus dared concerning the Cretan tribute, whether as food for some beast, or as a sacrificial offering at the tomb of Androgeos, or (what is the mildest of the accounts) surrendering himself to a dishonorable and ignominious servitude under insolent and hostile men, having sailed voluntarily with maidens and young youths, one could not express how great an act of daring, or magnanimity, or justice toward the common good, or desire for glory and virtue it was.
§1.5ὥστʼ ἔμοιγε φαίνεται μὴ κακῶς ὁρίζεσθαι τοὺς φιλοσόφους τὸν ἔρωτα θεῶν ὑπηρεσίαν πρὸς ἐπιμέλειαν καὶ σωτηρίαν νέων.
So that to me, at least, the philosophers seem not wrongly to define Love as a service of the gods for the care and salvation of the young.
ὁ γὰρ Ἀριάδνης ἔρως παντὸς μᾶλλον ἔοικεν ἔργον θεοῦ καὶ μηχανὴ γενέσθαι σωτηρίας ἕνεκα τοῦ ἀνδρός, καὶ οὐκ ἄξιον αἰτιᾶσθαι τὴν ἐρασθεῖσαν, ἀλλὰ θαυμάζειν εἰ μὴ πάντες οὕτω καὶ πᾶσαι διετέθησαν· εἰ δʼ ἐκείνη μόνη τοῦτʼ ἔπαθεν, εἰκότως ἔγωγε φαίην ἂν αὐτὴν ἀξιέραστον θεῷ γεγονέναι, φιλόκαλον καὶ φιλάγαθον καὶ τῶν ἀρίστων ἐρωτικὴν οὖσαν.
For the love of Ariadne seems, more than anything else, to have been a work of a god and a device for the salvation of the man; and it is not fitting to blame her who fell in love, but rather to wonder if all men and women were not so disposed; and if she alone suffered this, I for my part would reasonably say that she had become dear to a god, being a lover of the beautiful and the good, and enamored of the best men.