Humanitext Reader

Euripides · Fragments §772-779

Departure of Phaethon and the Sun Chariot

Passage 24 of 35 · Greek

Summary

Phaethon prepares to approach the palace of the Sun, while the chorus sings of the morning and the upcoming royal wedding. Later, Phaethon takes the reins of the sun chariot with warnings from his father.

§772θερμὴ δ’ ἄνακτος φλὸξ ὑπερτέλλουσα γῆς καίει τὰ πόρρω, τἀγγύθεν δ’ εὔκρατ’ ἔχει.
And the hot flame of the lord rising above the earth burns what is far away, but keeps what is near in a temperate state.
= §773μνησθεὶς ὅ μοί ποτ’ εἶφ’ ὅτ’ ηὐνάσθη θεός.
"Remembering what the god once told me when he shared my bed, [ask of him].
αἰτοῦ τί χρῄζεις ἕν· πέρᾳ γὰρ οὐ θέμις λαβεῖν σε·
Ask for one thing you desire; for it is not lawful for you to receive more.
κἂν μὲν τυγχάνῃς θεοῦ πέφυκας· εἰ δὲ μή, ψευδὴς ἐγώ. ΦΑΕ.πῶς οὖν πρόσειμι δῶμα θερμὸν Ἡλίου; ΚΛΥ.κείνῳ μελήσει σῶμα μὴ βλάπτειν τὸ σόν. ΦΑΕ.εἴπερ πατὴρ πέφυκεν, οὐ κακῶς λέγεις. ΚΛΥ. σάφ’ ἴσθι· πεύσῃ δ’ αὐτὸ τῷ χρόνῳ σαφῶς. ΦΑΕ. ἀρκεῖ· πέποιθα γάρ σε μὴ ψευδῆ λέγειν.
And if you indeed happen to be born of a god, you shall succeed; but if not, I am a liar." Phaethon: "How then shall I approach the hot palace of the Sun?" Clymene: "He will take care not to harm your body." Phaethon: "If he is indeed my father, you speak not badly." Clymene: "Know it clearly; and you shall learn it clearly in time." Phaethon: "It is enough; for I trust you do not speak falsely.
ἀλλ’ ἕρπ’ ἐς οἴκους· καὶ γὰρ αἵδ’ ἔξω δόμων δμῳαὶ περῶσιν, αἳ πατρὸς κατὰ σταθμοὺς σαίρουσι δῶμα καὶ δόμων κειμήλια καθ’ ἡμέραν φοιβῶσι κἀπιχωρίοις ὀσμαῖσι θυμιῶσιν εἰσόδους δόμων.
But go inside the house; for these handmaidens are coming out of the palace, who sweep the house daily in my father's quarters and care for the treasures of the halls, and with local scents fumigate the entrances of the palace.
ὅταν δ’ ὕπνον γεραιὸς ἐκλιπὼν πατὴρ πύλας ἀμείψῃ καὶ λόγους γάμων πέρι λέξῃ πρὸς ἡμᾶς, Ἡλίου μολὼν δόμους τοὺς σοὺς ἐλέγξω, μῆτερ, εἰ σαφεῖς λόγοι ΧΟΡ.. . . . . . .
When my aged father, leaving his sleep, passes the gates and speaks to us about the marriage, I shall go to the halls of the Sun, mother, to test if your words are true." Chorus:...on the earth......
στρ. α . . . . . κατὰ γᾶν . δειλα. . α̣. κ̣υ̣. . μ̣α̣ι̣ . . . . . . . . μέλπει δ’ ἐν δένδρεσι λεπτὰν ἀηδὼν ἁρμονίαν ὀρθρευομένα γόοις Ἴτυν Ἴτυν πολύθρηνον.
The nightingale sings a slender harmony among the trees, early in the morning with her wailing for Itys, Itys, much lamented.
σύριγγας δ’ οὐριβάται ἀντ. α κινοῦσιν ποίμνας ἐλάται· ἔγρονται δ’ εἰς βοτάναν ξανθᾶν πώλων συζυγίαι.
And the mountain-roaming shepherds move their pipes under the pines; and the pairs of bay fillies wake for pasture.
ἤδη δ’ εἰς ἔργα κυναγοὶ στείχουσιν θηροφόνοι, παγαῖς τ’ ἐπ’ Ὠκεανοῦ μελιβόας κύκνος ἀχεῖ.
Already the beast-slaying hunters go forth to their works, and by the springs of Oceanus the sweet-sounding swan resounds.
ἄκατοι δ’ ἀνάγονται ὑπ’ εἰρεσίας στρ. β ἀνέμων τ’ εὐαέσσιν ῥοθίοις ἀνὰ δ’ ἱστία. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . σινδὼν δὲ πρότονον ἐπὶ μέσον πελάζει.
And the boats are launched under the rowing and the fair-blowing rushes of the winds, and the sails...... and the linen sail approaches the middle of the forestay.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἑτέροισι μέριμνα πέλει· ἀντ. β κόσμον δ’ ὑμεναίων δεσποσύνων ἐμὲ καὶ τὸ δίκαιον ἄγει καὶ ἔρως ὑμνεῖν· δμωσὶν γὰρ ἀνάκτων εὐαμερίαι προσιοῦσαι μολπᾶν θράσος αἴρουσ’ ἐπὶ χάρματ’· εἰ δὲ τύχα τι τέκοι, βαρὺν βαρεῖα φόβον ἔπεμψεν οἴκοις.
These things indeed are a care to others; but to sing of the ornament of my masters' wedding both justice and love lead me; for when the good days of kings approach, they raise the boldness of songs for the servants to rejoice; but if fortune should bring forth something heavy, a heavy fortune sends dread upon the house.
ὁρίζεται δὲ τόδε φάος γάμων τέλος, ἐπ. τὸ δή ποτ’ εὐχαῖς ἐγὼ λισσομένα προσέβαν ὑμέναιον ἀεῖσαι φίλον φίλων δεσποτᾶν.
This light is defined as the end of marriage, which once with prayers I approached, begging to sing the wedding song of my beloved, beloved masters.
θεὸς ἔδωκε, χρόνος ἔκρανε λέχος ἐμοῖσιν ἀρχέταις.
A god has given, time has accomplished the bed for my rulers.
ἴτω τελεία γάμων ἀοιδά.
Let the perfect song of marriage go.
ἀλλ’ ὅδε γὰρ δὴ βασιλεὺς πρὸ δόμων κῆρύξ θ’ ἱερὸς καὶ παῖς Φαέθων βαίνουσι, τριπλοῦν ζεῦγος, ἔχειν χρὴ στόμ’ ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ· περὶ γὰρ μεγάλων γνώμας δείξει, παῖδ’ ὑμεναίοις, ὡς φησί, θέλων ζεῦξαι νύμφης τε λεπάδνοις.
But indeed, here comes the king before the palace, and the sacred herald and the child Phaethon are walking, a triple yoke; one must keep one's mouth in silence; for he will show his thoughts about great things, wishing, as he says, to yoke his child to the bride's collar in marriage.
〈ΚΗΡ.〉 Ὠκεανοῦ πεδίων οἰκήτορες, εὐφαμεῖτ’, ὦ, ἐκτόπιοί τε δόμων ἀπαείρετε, ὦ ἴτε, λαοί.
Herald: "Dwellers of the plains of Oceanus, keep silence, oh, and those outside the house, depart, oh, go, people.
κηρύσσω δ’ ὁσίαν βασιλήιον, αἰτῶ δ’ αὐδὰν εὐτεκνίαν τε γάμοις, ὧν ἔξοδος ἅδ’ ἕνεχ’ ἥκει, παιδὸς πατρός τε τῇδ’ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ λέχη κρᾶναι θελόντων· ἀλλὰ σῖγ’ ἔστω λεώς. ΜΕΡ.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . εἰ γὰρ εὖ λέγω §774ναῦν τοι μί’ ἄγκυρ’ οὐχ ὁμῶς σῴζειν φιλεῖ ὡς τρεῖς ἀφέντι· προστάτης θ’ ἁπλοῦς πόλει σφαλερός, ὑπὼν δὲ κἄλλος οὐ κακὸν πέλει.
I proclaim a holy royal decree, and I ask for a auspicious voice and good offspring for the marriage, for which this exit has come, since the child and the father on this day wish to accomplish the bed; let the people be silent." Merops:"...for if I speak well..." Indeed, one anchor is not wont to save a ship as safely as three cast out; and a single protector for a city is slippery, but another being present is not a bad thing.
§775ἐλεύθερος δ’ ὢν δοῦλός ἐστι τοῦ λέχους, πεπραμένον τὸ σῶμα τῆς φερνῆς ἔχων.
Though free, he is a slave to his marriage, having his body sold for the dowry.
§776δεινόν γε, τοῖς πλουτοῦσι τοῦτο δ’ ἔμφυτον, σκαιοῖσιν εἶναι·
It is a terrible thing, and innate in the wealthy, to be foolish.
τί ποτε τοῦτο ταἴτιον;
What ever is the cause of this?
ἆρ’ ὄλβος αὐτοῖς ὅτι τυφλὸς συνηρετεῖ, τυφλὰς ἔχουσι τὰς φρένας καὶ τῆς τύχης;
Is it because blind wealth accompanies them, that they have their minds blind, and their fortune too?
§777ὡς πανταχοῦ γε πατρὶς ἡ βόσκουσα γῆ.
Since everywhere the earth that nourishes is one's fatherland.
§778εὐδαιμονίζων ὄχλος ἐξέπληξέ με.
The crowd congratulating me overwhelmed me.
§779ἔλα δὲ μήτε Λιβυκὸν αἰθέρ’ εἰσβαλών· κρᾶσιν γὰρ ὑγρὰν οὐκ ἔχων, ἁψῖδα σὴν κάτω διήσει. . . . . . . ἵει δ’ ἐφ’ ἑπτὰ πλειάδων ἔχων δρόμον.
"Drive, but do not enter the Libyan sky; for not having a moist mixture, it will let your chariot wheel sink down.
. . . τοσαῦτ’ ἀκούσας παῖς ἔμαρψεν ἡνίας· κρούσας δὲ πλευρὰ πτεροφόρων ὀχημάτων μεθῆκεν, αἳ δ’ ἔπταντ’ ἐπ’ αἰθέρος πτυχάς.
Keep your course toward the seven Pleiades." Having heard so much, the boy seized the reins; and having struck the sides of the winged chariot, he let them go, and they flew to the folds of the ether.
πατὴρ δ’ ὄπισθε νῶτα σειραίου βεβὼς ἵππευε παῖδα νουθετῶν·
And the father behind, riding on a trace-horse, rode advising his son: "Drive there!
ἐκεῖσ’ ἔλα, τῇδε στρέφ’ ἅρμα, τῇδε.
Turn the chariot this way, this way!"

Notes

  1. 773μνησθεὶς — Although the manuscripts read the masculine nominative singular participle `μνησθεὶς`, it is naturally emended to `μνησθεῖσ'` (the elided form of the feminine nominative singular `μνησθεῖσα`) to fit Clymene's speech. This makes her the subject who recalls the god's promise as she urges Phaethon to ask for his boon.
  2. 774ἀφέντι — A dative participle of circumstance or condition (aorist active dative singular of `ἀφίημι`). It functions as "for one who has cast out [anchors]," creating a comparison in the phrase `ὡς τρεῖς [ἀφέντι]`.
  3. 776τυφλὰς ἔχουσι τὰς φρένας καὶ τῆς τύχης; — The genitive `τῆς τύχης` (of fortune) can be interpreted either as parallel to `τὰς φρένας` (their minds) or as a genitive of respect limiting `τυφλὰς` ("blind with respect to fortune"). The translation adopts the parallel interpretation: "they have their own minds blind, and their fortune's too," in response to the blindness of wealth (`τυφλὸς`).
  4. 779ἔλᾱ δὲ μήτε Λιβυκὸν αἰθέρ’ εἰσβαλών — `ἔλα` is the present active imperative of `ἐλαύνω` (drive). `εἰσβαλών` is the aorist active participle, functioning here as a conditional or circumstantial participle ("do not drive by entering the Libyan sky").

Cite this passage

Euripides, Fragments §772-779. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg020.humanitext-grc1:772-779

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