Humanitext Reader

Euripides · Iphigenia in Tauris §565-639

Offer to Deliver the Letter and Orestes' Sacrifice

Passage 7 of 17 · Greek

Summary

Iphigenia proposes to save one of the strangers on the condition of delivering a letter to Greece. Orestes chooses to sacrifice himself to save Pylades, and they discuss his impending death and funeral rites.

§565τάλαινʼ ἐκείνη χὡ κτανὼν αὐτὴν πατήρ.
[Iphigenia]: Wretched was she, and the father who killed her.
§566κακῆς γυναικὸς χάριν ἄχαριν ἀπώλετο.
[Orestes]: For the sake of an evil woman, a thankless favor, she perished.
§567ὁ τοῦ θανόντος δʼ ἔστι παῖς Ἄργει πατρός;
[Iphigenia]: But is there a son of the dead father in Argos?
§568ἔστʼ, ἄθλιός γε, κοὐδαμοῦ καὶ πανταχοῦ.
[Orestes]: He is, wretched indeed, both nowhere and everywhere.
§569ψευδεῖς ὄνειροι, χαίρετʼ· οὐδὲν ἦτʼ ἄρα.
[Iphigenia]: False dreams, farewell; you were nothing after all.
§570οὐδʼ οἱ σοφοί γε δαίμονες κεκλημένοι §571πτηνῶν ὀνείρων εἰσὶν ἀψευδέστεροι.
[Orestes]: Not even the gods who are called wise are any more truthful than winged dreams.
§572πολὺς ταραγμὸς ἔν τε τοῖς θείοις ἔνι §573κἀν τοῖς βροτείοις·
There is much confusion in divine and human affairs.
ἓν δὲ λυπεῖται μόνον, §574ὃς οὐκ ἄφρων ὢν μάντεων πεισθεὶς λόγοις §575ὄλωλεν — ὡς ὄλωλε τοῖσιν εἰδόσιν.
But only one thing is painful: when someone, not being foolish, trusting the words of prophets, has perished — as he has indeed perished in the eyes of those who know.
§576φεῦ φεῦ·
[Chorus]: Alas, alas!
τί δʼ ἡμεῖς οἵ τʼ ἐμοὶ γεννήτορες;
And what of us and our parents?
§577ἆρʼ εἰσίν;
Do they exist?
ἆρʼ οὐκ εἰσί;
Do they not?
τίς φράσειεν ἄν;
Who can tell us?
§578ἀκούσατʼ· ἐς γὰρ δή τινʼ ἥκομεν λόγον, §579ὑμῖν τʼ ὄνησιν, ὦ ξένοι, σπουδῆς ἅμα
[Iphigenia]: Listen, for we have come to a certain proposal, which brings benefit to you, strangers, and at the same time to my purpose.
§580κἀμοί. τὸ δʼ εὖ μάλιστά γʼ οὕτω γίγνεται, §581εἰ πᾶσι ταὐτὸν πρᾶγμʼ ἀρεσκόντως ἔχει.
And the best outcome is achieved in this way, if the same matter is pleasing to all.
§582θέλοις ἄν, εἰ σῴσαιμί σʼ, ἀγγεῖλαί τί μοι §583πρὸς Ἄργος ἐλθὼν τοῖς ἐμοῖς ἐκεῖ φίλοις, §584δέλτον τʼ ἐνεγκεῖν, ἥν τις οἰκτίρας ἐμὲ §585ἔγραψεν αἰχμάλωτος, οὐχὶ τὴν ἐμὴν §586φονέα νομίζων χεῖρα, τοῦ νόμου δʼ ὕπο §587θνῄσκειν τὰ τῆς θεοῦ, τάδε δίκαιʼ ἡγουμένης;
Would you be willing, if I should save you, to convey a message for me, going to Argos, to my friends there, and to carry a tablet which a certain captive wrote, pitying me, not thinking my hand to be his slayer, but that he dies under the law of the goddess, since she considers these things just?
§588οὐδένα γὰρ εἶχον ὅστις ἀγγείλαι μολὼν §589ἐς Ἄργος αὖθις, τάς τʼ ἐμὰς ἐπιστολὰς §590πέμψειε σωθεὶς τῶν ἐμῶν φίλων τινί.
For I had no one who, returning to Argos, could report and, being saved, could send my letter to some one of my friends.
§591σὺ δʼ — εἶ γάρ, ὡς ἔοικας, οὔτε δυσμενὴς §592καὶ τὰς Μυκήνας οἶσθα χοὓς κἀγὼ θέλω — §593σώθητι, καὶ σὺ μισθὸν οὐκ αἰσχρὸν λαβών, §594κούφων ἕκατι γραμμάτων σωτηρίαν.
But you — since you seem to be not ill-disposed, and you know Mycenae and those whom I wish to reach — be saved, receiving a reward that is not shameful: your safety in exchange for a few written words.
§595οὗτος δʼ, ἐπείπερ πόλις ἀναγκάζει τάδε, §596θεᾷ γενέσθω θῦμα χωρισθεὶς σέθεν.
But let this man, since the city compels these things, become a sacrifice to the goddess, separated from you.
§597καλῶς ἔλεξας τἄλλα πλὴν ἕν, ὦ ξένη·
[Orestes]: You have spoken well in all else but one thing, stranger.
§598τὸ γὰρ σφαγῆναι τόνδε μοι βάρος μέγα.
For this man to be slaughtered is a heavy burden to me.
§599ὁ ναυστολῶν γάρ εἰμʼ ἐγὼ τὰς συμφοράς, §600οὗτος δὲ συμπλεῖ τῶν ἐμῶν μόχθων χάριν.
For I am the one who pilots this voyage of disasters, and he sails with me for the sake of my labors.
§601οὔκουν δίκαιον ἐπʼ ὀλέθρῳ τῷ τοῦδʼ ἐμὲ §602χάριν τίθεσθαι καὐτὸν ἐκδῦναι κακῶν.
It is therefore not just that I should gain favor at the cost of his destruction, and myself escape evils.
§603ἀλλʼ ὣς γενέσθω· τῷδε μὲν δέλτον δίδου· §604πέμψει γὰρ Ἄργος, ὥστε σοι καλῶς ἔχειν· §605ἡμᾶς δʼ ὁ χρῄζων κτεινέτω.
But let it be so: give the tablet to him, for he will send it to Argos, so that it will be well for you; and let him who wishes kill me.
τὰ τῶν φίλων §606αἴσχιστον ὅστις καταβαλὼν ἐς ξυμφορὰς §607αὐτὸς σέσῳσται.
For it is most shameful for one who, casting the affairs of his friends into disasters, has saved himself.
τυγχάνει δʼ ὅδʼ ὢν φίλος, §608ὃν οὐδὲν ἧσσον ἢ ʼμὲ φῶς ὁρᾶν θέλω.
And this man happens to be a friend whom I wish to see the light no less than myself.
§609ὦ λῆμʼ ἄριστον, ὡς ἀπʼ εὐγενοῦς τινος
[Iphigenia]: O noble spirit!
§610ῥίζης πέφυκας τοῖς φίλοις τʼ ὀρθῶς φίλος.
How you have sprung from some well-born root, and are truly a friend to your friends!
§611τοιοῦτος εἴη τῶν ἐμῶν ὁμοσπόρων §612ὅσπερ λέλειπται.
May he who is left of my own siblings be such a one.
καὶ γὰρ οὐδʼ ἐγώ, ξένοι, §613ἀνάδελφός εἰμι, πλὴν ὅσʼ οὐχ ὁρῶσά νιν.
For I too, strangers, am not without a brother, except that I do not see him.
§614ἐπεὶ δὲ βούλῃ ταῦτα, τόνδε πέμψομεν §615δέλτον φέροντα, σὺ δὲ θανῇ· πολλὴ δέ τις §616προθυμία σε τοῦδʼ ἔχουσα τυγχάνει.
And since you wish this, we will send this man carrying the tablet, and you shall die; and a certain great desire for this possesses you.
§617θύσει δὲ τίς με καὶ τὰ δεινὰ τλήσεται;
[Orestes]: But who will sacrifice me and dare these terrible deeds?
§618ἐγώ· θεᾶς γὰρ τῆσδε προστροπὴν ἔχω.
[Iphigenia]: I; for I have the charge of this goddess.
§619ἄζηλά γʼ, ὦ νεᾶνι, κοὐκ εὐδαίμονα.
[Orestes]: An unenviable task indeed, young woman, and not a happy one.
§620ἀλλʼ εἰς ἀνάγκην κείμεθʼ, ἣν φυλακτέον.
[Iphigenia]: But we are placed under a necessity which must be observed.
§621αὐτὴ ξίφει θύουσα θῆλυς ἄρσενας;
[Orestes]: You yourself, a woman, sacrificing men with a sword?
§622οὔκ, ἀλλὰ χαίτην ἀμφὶ σὴν χερνίψομαι.
[Iphigenia]: No, but I will sprinkle the lustral water around your hair.
§623ὁ δὲ σφαγεὺς τίς; εἰ τάδʼ ἱστορεῖν με χρή.
[Orestes]: And who is the slayer, if I must ask this?
§624ἔσω δόμων τῶνδʼ εἰσὶν οἷς μέλει τάδε.
[Iphigenia]: Inside this temple are those whose concern this is.
§625τάφος δὲ ποῖος δέξεταί μʼ, ὅταν θάνω;
[Orestes]: And what kind of tomb will receive me when I die?
§626πῦρ ἱερὸν ἔνδον χάσμα τʼ εὐρωπὸν πέτρας.
[Iphigenia]: A sacred fire within, and a wide cleft of rock.
§627φεῦ·
[Orestes]: Alas!
§627aπῶς ἄν μʼ ἀδελφῆς χεὶρ περιστείλειεν ἄν;
Would that a sister's hand might lay me out!
§628μάταιον εὐχήν, ὦ τάλας, ὅστις ποτʼ εἶ, §629ηὔξω· μακρὰν γὰρ βαρβάρου ναίει χθονός.
[Iphigenia]: You have uttered a useless prayer, O wretched man, whoever you are; for she dwells far from this barbarian land.
§630οὐ μήν, ἐπειδὴ τυγχάνεις Ἀργεῖος ὤν, §631ἀλλʼ ὧν γε δυνατὸν οὐδʼ ἐγὼ λείψω χάριν.
Yet, since you happen to be an Argive, I too will not fail in any favor that is possible.
§632πολύν τε γάρ σοι κόσμον ἐνθήσω τάφῳ, §633ξανθῷ τʼ ἐλαίῳ σῶμα σὸν κατασβέσω, §634καὶ τῆς ὀρείας ἀνθεμόρρυτον γάνος §635ξουθῆς μελίσσης ἐς πυρὰν βαλῶ σέθεν.
For I will place much ornament upon your tomb, and with yellow oil I will quench your body, and the flower-distilled brightness of the mountain bee, the yellow bee, I will cast upon your pyre.
§636ἀλλʼ εἶμι δέλτον τʼ ἐκ θεᾶς ἀνακτόρων §637οἴσω· τὸ μέντοι δυσμενὲς μὴ ʼμοὶ λάβῃς.
But I will go and bring the tablet from the temple of the goddess; yet do not hold ill-will against me.
§638φυλάσσετʼ αὐτούς, πρόσπολοι, δεσμῶν ἄτερ — §639ἴσως ἄελπτα τῶν ἐμῶν φίλων τινὶ
Guard them, attendants, without bonds — perhaps unexpected news to one of my friends...

Notes

  1. §565ἐκείνη — ἐκείνη ('she' or 'that woman') refers back to the sacrificed daughter mentioned in the previous line (which is Iphigenia herself, though she does not realize it). Iphigenia laments both her and the father who slew her.
  2. §566χάριν ἄχαριν — An accusative of apposition to the action, forming an oxymoron ('a thankless favor' or 'a graceless grace'). It describes the absurd sacrifice made for the sake of an evil woman (Helen).
  3. §575τοῖσιν εἰδόσιν — The dative τοῖσιν εἰδόσιν functions as a dative of judge or reference ('in the eyes of those who know'). Orestes laments his own ruin caused by trusting Apollo's oracle, from the perspective of those who know the true state of affairs.
  4. §627aπῶς ἄν... ἄν — Double ἄν with the optative verb (περιστείλειεν) expressing a strong potential or a wish with low probability ('How I wish that...').
  5. §639ἴσως ἄελπτα τῶν ἐμῶν φίλων τινὶ — The sentence is left incomplete (aposiopesis) as Iphigenia exits the stage, hinting at the unexpected turn of events (the dramatic recognition through the letter) that is to follow.

Cite this passage

Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris §565-639. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg013.humanitext-grc2:565-639

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