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Euripides · The Trojan Women §1233-1332

The burning of Troy and the captives' departure

Passage 14 of 14 · Greek

Summary

As Hecuba and the Chorus lament over Astyanax's death, Talthybius orders the soldiers to burn down the city of Troy and leads the captive women away to the ships. Facing the burning ruins of her fatherland, Hecuba utters her final lament before taking her first steps toward a life of slavery.

§1233τλήμων ἰατρός, ὄνομʼ ἔχουσα, τἄργα δʼ οὔ· §1234τὰ δʼ ἐν νεκροῖσι φροντιεῖ πατὴρ σέθεν.
Hecuba: A wretched physician, having the name but not the deeds; and your father among the dead will care for the rest.
§1235ἄρασσʼ ἄρασσε κρᾶτα §1236πιτύλους διδοῦσα χειρός, §1237ἰώ μοί μοι.
Chorus: Strike, strike your head, giving rapid beats of the hand, alas, alas for me!
§1238ὦ φίλταται γυναῖκες
Hecuba: O dearest women!
§1239Ἑκάβη, σὰς ἔνεπε· τίνα θροεῖς αὐδάν;
Chorus: Hecuba, speak your mind; what cry do you utter?
§1240οὐκ ἦν ἄρʼ ἐν θεοῖσι πλὴν οὑμοὶ πόνοι §1241Τροία τε πόλεων ἔκκριτον μισουμένη, §1242μάτην δʼ ἐβουθυτοῦμεν.
Hecuba: There was nothing indeed among the gods except my troubles and Troy, hated pre-eminently among cities, and in vain we sacrificed bulls.
εἰ δὲ μὴ θεὸς §1243ἔστρεψε τἄνω περιβαλὼν κάτω χθονός, §1244ἀφανεῖς ἂν ὄντες οὐκ ἂν ὑμνήθημεν ἂν §1245μούσαις ἀοιδὰς δόντες ὑστέρων βροτῶν.
But if a god had not turned things upside down, casting them beneath the earth, we, being obscure, would not have been sung of, giving themes of song to the Muses of future mortals.
§1246χωρεῖτε, θάπτετʼ ἀθλίῳ τύμβῳ νεκρόν· §1247ἔχει γὰρ οἷα δεῖ γε νερτέρων στέφη.
Go, bury the corpse in his wretched tomb; for he has such wreaths of the underworld as are fitting.
§1248δοκῶ δὲ τοῖς θανοῦσι διαφέρειν βραχύ, §1249εἰ πλουσίων τις τεύξεται κτερισμάτων· §1250κενὸν δὲ γαύρωμʼ ἐστὶ τῶν ζώντων τόδε.
And I think it matters little to the dead if one obtains rich burial gifts; for this is but a vain boast of the living.
§1251ἰὼ ἰώ·
Chorus: Alas, alas!
§1251aμελέα μήτηρ, ἣ τὰς μεγάλας
O wretched mother, who...
§1252ἐλπίδας ἐν σοὶ κατέκναψε βίου.
shattered the great hopes of her life in you.
§1253μέγα δʼ ὀλβισθεὶς ὡς ἐκ πατέρων §1254ἀγαθῶν ἐγένου, §1255δεινῷ θανάτῳ διόλωλας.
Though greatly blessed as being born from noble fathers, you have perished by a terrible death.
§1256ἔα ἔα·
Ah, ah!
§1256aτίνας Ἰλιάσιν ταῖσδʼ ἐν κορυφαῖς §1257λεύσσω φλογέας δαλοῖσι χέρας §1258διερέσσοντας;
Whom do I see on these heights of Ilium, waving flaming hands with firebrands?
μέλλει Τροίᾳ §1259καινόν τι κακὸν προσέσεσθαι.
A new evil is about to come upon Troy.
§1260αὐδῶ λοχαγοῖς, οἳ τέταχθʼ ἐμπιμπράναι §1261Πριάμου τόδʼ ἄστυ, μηκέτʼ ἀργοῦσαν φλόγα §1262ἐν χειρὶ σῴζειν, ἀλλὰ πῦρ ἐνιέναι, §1263ὡς ἂν κατασκάψαντες Ἰλίου πόλιν §1264στελλώμεθʼ οἴκαδʼ ἄσμενοι Τροίας ἄπο.
Talthybius: I speak to the captains who are appointed to burn this city of Priam, no longer to keep the idle flame in your hands, but to cast fire, so that, having razed the city of Ilium, we may gladly set out homeward from Troy.
§1265ὑμεῖς δʼ, ἵνʼ αὑτὸς λόγος ἔχῃ μορφὰς δύο, §1266χωρεῖτε, Τρώων παῖδες, ὀρθίαν ὅταν §1267σάλπιγγος ἠχὼ δῶσιν ἀρχηγοὶ στρατοῦ, §1268πρὸς ναῦς Ἀχαιῶν, ὡς ἀποστέλλησθε γῆς.
And you, so that the selfsame speech may have two forms, go, daughters of Troy, when the commanders of the army sound the shrill blast of the trumpet, toward the ships of the Achaeans, so that you may depart from the land.
§1269σύ τʼ, ὦ γεραιὰ δυστυχεστάτη γύναι, §1270ἕπου.
And you, O most wretched old woman, follow.
μεθήκουσίν σʼ Ὀδυσσέως πάρα §1271οἵδʼ, ᾧ σε δούλην κλῆρος ἐκπέμπει πάτρας.
These men have come to fetch you from Odysseus, to whom the lot sends you as a slave away from your fatherland.
§1272οἲ ʼγὼ τάλαινα·
Hecuba: Alas, wretched me!
τοῦτο δὴ τὸ λοίσθιον §1273καὶ τέρμα πάντων τῶν ἐμῶν ἤδη κακῶν· §1274ἔξειμι πατρίδος, πόλις ὑφάπτεται πυρί.
This indeed is the last and the limit of all my woes now; I depart from my fatherland; the city is set on fire.
§1275ἀλλʼ, ὦ γεραιὲ πούς, ἐπίσπευσον μόλις, §1276ὡς ἀσπάσωμαι τὴν ταλαίπωρον πόλιν.
But, O aged foot, hasten, though with difficulty, so that I may bid farewell to this wretched city.
§1277ὦ μεγάλα δή ποτʼ ἀμπνέουσʼ ἐν βαρβάροις §1278Τροία, τὸ κλεινὸν ὄνομʼ ἀφαιρήσῃ τάχα.
O Troy, that once breathed great things among barbarians, soon you will be stripped of your glorious name.
§1279πιμπρᾶσί σʼ, ἡμᾶς δʼ ἐξάγουσʼ ἤδη χθονὸς §1280δούλας·
They are burning you, and leading us away already from the land as slaves.
ἰὼ θεοί.
O gods!
καὶ τί τοὺς θεοὺς καλῶ;
And why do I call upon the gods?
§1281καὶ πρὶν γὰρ οὐκ ἤκουσαν ἀνακαλούμενοι.
For even before they did not hear when called upon.
§1282φέρʼ ἐς πυρὰν δράμωμεν· ὡς κάλλιστά μοι §1283σὺν τῇδε πατρίδι κατθανεῖν πυρουμένῃ.
Come, let us run into the fire; for it is most glorious for me to die along with this burning fatherland.
§1284ἐνθουσιᾷς, δύστηνε, τοῖς σαυτῆς κακοῖς.
Talthybius: You are maddened, wretched woman, by your own misfortunes.
§1285ἀλλʼ ἄγετε, μὴ φείδεσθʼ· Ὀδυσσέως δὲ χρὴ §1286ἐς χεῖρα δοῦναι τήνδε καὶ πέμπειν γέρας.
But lead her away, do not spare her; for we must deliver her into his hand and send her as his prize.
§1287ὀττοτοτοτοτοῖ.
Hecuba: Ottototototoi!
§1288Κρόνιε, πρύτανι Φρύγιε, γενέτα §1289πάτερ, ἀνάξια τᾶς Δαρδάνου §1290γονᾶς τάδʼ οἷα πάσχομεν δέδορκας;
Son of Cronus, Phrygian ruler, fatherly progenitor, do you see these things, how unworthy of Dardanus' race are these things we suffer?
§1291δέδορκεν, ἁ δὲ μεγαλόπολις §1292ἄπολις ὄλωλεν οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἔστι Τροία.
Chorus: He sees, but the great city, destroyed, is no longer a city; Troy exists no more.
§1294ὀττοτοτοτοτοῖ.
Hecuba: Ottototototoi!
§1295λέλαμπεν Ἴλιος, Περ- §1296γάμων τε πυρὶ καταίθεται τέραμνα §1297καὶ πόλις ἄκρα τε τειχέων.
Ilium shines, and the chambers of Pergamus are consumed with fire, both the city and the heights of the walls.
§1298πτέρυγι δὲ καπνὸς ὥς τις οὐ- §1299ρανίᾳ πεσοῦσα δορὶ καταφθίνει γᾶ.
And like some smoke with heavenly wing, the land, falling by the spear, is destroyed.
§1300μαλερὰ μέλαθρα πυρὶ κατάδρομα §1301δαΐῳ τε λόγχᾳ.
The raging halls are overrun with fire, and with the hostile spear.
§1302ἰὼ γᾶ τρόφιμε τῶν ἐμῶν τέκνων.
Hecuba: O earth, nourisher of my children!
§1303ἓ ἕ.
Chorus: Ah, ah!
§1303aὦ τέκνα, κλύετε, μάθετε ματρὸς αὐδάν.
Hecuba: O children, hear, recognize your mother's voice.
§1304ἰαλέμῳ τοὺς θανόντας ἀπύεις.
Chorus: You call upon the dead with a lament.
§1305γεραιά γʼ ἐς πέδον τιθεῖσα μέλεα καὶ §1306χερσὶ γαῖαν κτυποῦσα δισσαῖς.
Hecuba: Indeed, placing my aged limbs upon the ground, and beating the earth with both hands.
§1307διάδοχά σοι γόνυ τίθημι γαίᾳ §1308τοὺς ἐμοὺς καλοῦσα νέρθεν §1309ἀθλίους ἀκοίτας.
Chorus: In succession to you, I place my knee on the ground, calling my wretched husband from below.
§1310ἀγόμεθα φερόμεθʼ
Hecuba: We are led away, we are carried off!
§1310bἄλγος ἄλγος βοᾷς.
Chorus: You cry out pain, pain!
§1311δούλειον ὑπὸ μέλαθρον.
Hecuba: Under a slave's roof.
§1311bἐκ πάτρας γʼ ἐμᾶς.
Chorus: Away from my fatherland.
§1312ἰώ.
Alas!
§1312aΠρίαμε Πρίαμε, σὺ μὲν ὀλόμενος §1313ἄταφος ἄφιλος §1314ἄτας ἐμᾶς ἄιστος εἶ.
Hecuba: Priam, Priam, you indeed, having perished, unburied, friendless, are ignorant of our ruin.
§1315μέλας γὰρ ὄσσε κατεκάλυψε §1316θάνατος ὅσιος ἀνοσίαις σφαγαῖσιν.
For dark death has covered your eyes, pious death through impious slaughter.
§1317ἰὼ θεῶν μέλαθρα καὶ πόλις φίλα, §1317aἓ ἕ.
Chorus: O halls of the gods, and dear city, ah, ah!
§1318τὰν φόνιον ἔχετε φλόγα δορός τε λόγχαν.
you hold the murderous flame and the spear of war.
§1319τάχʼ ἐς φίλαν γᾶν πεσεῖσθʼ ἀνώνυμοι.
Soon you will fall anonymous into the dear land.
§1320κόνις δʼ ἴσα καπνῷ πτέρυγι πρὸς αἰθέρα §1321ᾆστον οἴκων ἐμῶν με θήσει.
And dust, like smoke with a wing to the ether, will make my home invisible to me.
§1322ὄνομα δὲ γᾶς ἀφανὲς εἶσιν· ἄλλᾳ δʼ §1323ἄλλο φροῦδον, οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἔστιν §1324ἁ τάλαινα Τροία.
And the name of the land will pass into obscurity; and in different ways different things are gone; and no longer is wretched Troy.
§1325ἐμάθετʼ, ἐκλύετε;
Hecuba: Did you perceive? Did you hear?
§1325bΠεργάμων γε κτύπον.
Chorus: The crash of Pergamus, indeed.
§1326ἔνοσις ἅπασαν ἔνοσις §1326bἐπικλύσει πόλιν.
Hecuba: A shaking, a total shaking will submerge the entire city.
§1327ἰώ·
Alas!
§1328τρομερὰ μέλεα, φέρετʼ ἐμὸν ἴχνος· §1329ἴτʼ ἐπί, τάλανα, §1330δούλειον ἁμέραν βίου.
O trembling limbs, bear my steps; go forward, wretched one, to the day of a life of slavery.
§1331ἰὼ τάλαινα πόλις·
Chorus: Alas, wretched city!
ὅμως δὲ §1332πρόφερε πόδα σὸν ἐπὶ πλάτας Ἀχαιῶν.
But nevertheless, move your foot forward toward the oars of the Achaeans.

Notes

  1. 1244ἀφανεῖς ἂν ὄντες οὐκ ἂν ὑμνήθημεν ἂν — The particle ἄν is repeated three times in the same clause (ἂν ὄντες... οὐκ ἂν... ἂν) to strongly emphasize the unreal (contrary-to-fact past) condition. The participle ὄντες functions conditionally ('if we had remained obscure/invisible').
  2. 1265ἵνʼ αὑτὸς λόγος ἔχῃ μορφὰς δύο — The conjunction ἵνα introduces a purpose clause with the present subjunctive ἔχῃ. The pronoun αὑτός (crasis for ὁ αὐτός) means 'the same', indicating that Talthybius's single announcement has two applications or 'forms' (μορφαί) addressed to different parties.
  3. 1282ὡς κάλλιστά μοι σὺν τῇδε πατρίδι κατθανεῖν — The combination of ὡς with the superlative adjective (ὡς κάλλιστα) creates an intensive expression meaning 'as gloriously as possible'. The infinitive κατθανεῖν (aorist infinitive of ἀποθνῄσκω) functions substantively as the subject of an implied copula, expressing Hecuba's tragic wish to die.
  4. 1321ᾆστον οἴκων ἐμῶν με θήσει — The neuter accusative adjective ᾆστον (contracted from ἄϊστον, meaning 'invisible' or 'vanishing') acts as a predicate complement to the future verb θήσει with the direct object με. The genitive οἴκων ἐμῶν is a genitive of separation, meaning 'it will make me lose sight of my home'.

Cite this passage

Euripides, The Trojan Women §1233-1332. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg011.humanitext-grc2:1233-1332

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