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Euripides · Ion §1455-1546

Creusa Names Apollo as Father and Ion Doubts Her

Passage 18 of 19 · Greek

Summary

Creusa and Ion rejoice in their reunion, but when Ion questions his true parentage, Creusa reveals that he is the son of Apollo born from a secret union. Ion doubts her story and questions why the god gave him to Xuthus as a son.

§1455τίνʼ ἀνὰ χεῖρα δόμον ἔβα Λοξίου;
By whose hand did it come to the house of Loxias?
§1456θεῖον τόδʼ· ἀλλὰ τἀπίλοιπα τῆς τύχης §1457εὐδαιμονοῖμεν, ὡς τὰ πρόσθε δυστυχῆ.
This is divine; but for the rest of our fortune, may we be happy, just as we were unfortunate before.
§1458τέκνον, οὐκ ἀδάκρυτος ἐκλοχεύῃ, §1459γόοις δὲ ματρὸς ἐκ χερῶν ὁρίζῃ·
Child, you were not brought forth without tears, and with laments you were separated from your mother's arms.
§1460νῦν δὲ γενειάσιν παρὰ σέθεν πνέω §1461μακαριωτάτας τυχοῦσʼ ἡδονᾶς.
But now, beside your cheeks, I breathe, having obtained the most blessed pleasure.
§1462τοὐμὸν λέγουσα καὶ τὸ σὸν κοινῶς λέγεις.
In speaking of my case, you speak of yours and mine in common.
§1463ἄπαιδες οὐκέτʼ ἐσμὲν οὐδʼ ἄτεκνοι· §1464δῶμʼ ἑστιοῦται, γᾶ δʼ ἔχει τυράννους·
We are no longer childless or without offspring; the house is provided with a hearth, and the land has its rulers.
§1465ἀνηβᾷ δʼ Ἐρεχθεύς, §1466ὅ τε γηγενέτας δόμος οὐκέτι νύκτα δέρκεται, §1467ἀελίου δʼ ἀναβλέπει λαμπάσιν.
Erechtheus grows young again, and the earth-born house no longer looks upon the night, but looks up at the rays of the sun.
§1468μῆτερ, παρών μοι καὶ πατὴρ μετασχέτω §1469τῆς ἡδονῆς τῆσδʼ ἧς ἔδωχʼ ὑμῖν ἐγώ.
Mother, let my father also be present and share in this pleasure which I have given to you both.
§1470ὦ τέκνον,
O child, what do you say?
§1471τί φῄς; οἷον οἷον ἀνελέγχομαι.
How, how I am being cross-examined!
§1472πῶς εἶπας;
How do you mean?
§1472aἄλλοθεν γέγονας, ἄλλοθεν.
You are born from elsewhere, from elsewhere.
§1473ὤμοι·
Alas!
νόθον με παρθένευμʼ ἔτικτε σόν;
Did your maidenhood bear me as a bastard?
§1474οὐχ ὑπὸ λαμπάδων οὐδὲ χορευμάτων §1475ὑμέναιος ἐμός, §1476τέκνον, ἔτικτε σὸν κάρα.
Not by torches, nor by dances, did my wedding bear your head, my child.
§1477αἰαῖ·
Alas!
πέφυκα δυσγενής.
I am born of low birth.
μῆτερ, πόθεν;
Mother, from whom?
§1478ἴστω Γοργοφόνα §1478bτί τοῦτʼ ἔλεξας;
Let the Gorgon-slayer be witness — What is this you say?
§1479ἃ σκοπέλοις ἐπʼ ἐμοῖς §1480τὸν ἐλαιοφυῆ πάγον §1481θάσσει §1481bλέγεις μοι δόλια κοὐ σαφῆ τάδε.
she who upon my rocks sits on the olive-growing hill — You speak to me in deceitful and unclear words.
§1482παρʼ ἀηδόνιον πέτραν §1483Φοίβῳ §1483bτί Φοῖβον αὐδᾷς;
Beside the nightingale's rock, with Phoebus — Why do you speak of Phoebus?
§1484κρυπτόμενον λέχος ηὐνάσθην
I was laid in a secret union.
§1485λέγʼ· ὡς ἐρεῖς τι κεδνὸν εὐτυχές τέ μοι.
Speak; for you will tell something noble and fortunate for me.
§1486δεκάτῳ δέ σε μηνὸς ἐν §1487κύκλῳ κρύφιον ὠδῖνʼ ἔτεκον Φοίβῳ.
And in the tenth circle of the month, I bore you, a secret labor, to Phoebus.
§1488ὦ φίλτατʼ εἰποῦσʼ, εἰ λέγεις ἐτήτυμα.
O you who have said the dearest thing, if indeed you speak the truth!
§1489παρθένια δʼ ἐμᾶς λάθρα ματέρος §1490σπάργανʼ ἀμφίβολά σοι τάδʼ ἐνῆψα, κερ- §1491κίδος ἐμᾶς πλάνους.
And secretly from my mother, I tied these maidenly swaddling-bands around you, the wanderings of my shuttle.
§1492γάλακτι δʼ οὐκ ἐπέσχον, οὐδὲ μαστῷ §1493τροφεῖα ματρὸς οὐδὲ λουτρὰ χειροῖν, §1494ἀνὰ δʼ ἄντρον ἔρημον οἰωνῶν §1495γαμφηλαῖς φόνευμα θοίναμά τʼ εἰς §1496Ἅιδαν ἐκβάλλῃ.
And I did not hold milk to you, nor nourishment of a mother's breast, nor baths from my hands, but in a deserted cave you were cast out, a prey and a feast for the beaks of birds, for Hades.
§1497ὦ δεινὰ τλᾶσα μῆτερ.
O mother, who endured terrible things!
§1497bἐν φόβῳ, τέκνον, §1498καταδεθεῖσα σὰν §1499ἀπέβαλον ψυχάν·
Bound by fear, my child, I cast away your life; I killed you unwillingly.
§1500ἔκτεινά σʼ ἄκουσʼ. §1500bἐξ ἐμοῦ τʼ ἔθνῃσκες.
And through me, you were dying too.
§1502ἰώ·
Ah!
δειναὶ μὲν τότε τύχαι, §1503δεινὰ δὲ καὶ τάδʼ· ἑλισσόμεσθʼ ἐκεῖθεν §1505ἐνθάδε δυστυχίαισιν εὐτυχίαις τε πάλιν, §1506μεθίσταται δὲ πνεύματα.
Terrible indeed was our fortune then, and terrible is this too; we are tossed from there to here, back in misfortunes and fortunes, and the winds shift.
§1508μενέτω· τὰ πάροιθεν ἅλις κακά·
Let it remain so; the past evils are enough.
νῦν δὲ §1509γένοιτό τις οὖρος ἐκ κακῶν, ὦ παῖ.
Now, child, may there be some favorable wind out of our evils.
§1510μηδεὶς δοκείτω μηδὲν ἀνθρώπων ποτὲ §1511ἄελπτον εἶναι πρὸς τὰ τυγχάνοντα νῦν.
Let no one of humans ever think that anything is unexpected, in light of what is happening now.
§1512ὦ μεταβαλοῦσα μυρίους ἤδη βροτῶν §1513καὶ δυστυχῆσαι καὖθις αὖ πρᾶξαι καλῶς, §1514Τύχη, παρʼ οἵαν ἤλθομεν στάθμην βίου §1515μητέρα φονεῦσαι καὶ παθεῖν ἀνάξια.
O Fortune, who have already changed countless mortals to suffer misfortune and then again to fare well, along what a narrow line of life have we come, almost to murder my mother and to suffer unworthy things.
§1516φεῦ·
Ah!
§1516aἆρʼ ἐν φαενναῖς ἡλίου περιπτυχαῖς §1517ἔνεστι πάντα τάδε καθʼ ἡμέραν μαθεῖν;
Is it possible to learn all these things day by day in the bright embraces of the sun?
§1518φίλον μὲν οὖν σʼ εὕρημα, μῆτερ, ηὕρομεν, §1519καὶ τὸ γένος οὐδὲν μεμπτόν, ὡς ἡμῖν, τόδε· §1520τὰ δʼ ἄλλα πρὸς σὲ βούλομαι μόνην φράσαι.
Mother, we have found you as a dear find, and this lineage of ours is not to be blamed; but the rest I wish to speak to you alone.
§1521δεῦρʼ ἔλθʼ· ἐς οὖς γὰρ τοὺς λόγους εἰπεῖν θέλω §1522καὶ περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον.
Come here; for I want to speak words into your ear and wrap the matters in darkness.
§1523ὅρα σύ, μῆτερ· μὴ σφαλεῖσʼ ἃ παρθένοις §1524ἐγγίγνεται νοσήματʼ ἐς κρυπτοὺς γάμους, §1525ἔπειτα τῷ θεῷ προστίθης τὴν αἰτίαν, §1526καὶ τοὐμὸν αἰσχρὸν ἀποφυγεῖν πειρωμένη, §1527Φοίβῳ τεκεῖν με φῄς, τεκοῦσʼ οὐκ ἐκ θεοῦ;
Watch out, mother; lest, having stumbled in those diseases that happen to virgins in secret unions, you then lay the blame on the god, and trying to escape my disgrace, you say you bore me to Phoebus, when you did not bear me from a god?
§1528μὰ τὴν παρασπίζουσαν ἅρμασίν ποτε §1529Νίκην Ἀθηνᾶν Ζηνὶ γηγενεῖς ἔπι, §1530οὐκ ἔστιν ὅστις σοι πατὴρ θνητῶν, τέκνον, §1531ἀλλʼ ὅσπερ ἐξέθρεψε, Λοξίας ἄναξ.
By Athena of Victory, who once stood with her shield beside Zeus's chariot against the earth-born, there is no mortal who is your father, my child, but the king Loxias himself, who reared you.
§1532πῶς οὖν τὸν αὑτοῦ παῖδʼ ἔδωκʼ ἄλλῳ πατρὶ §1533Ξούθου τέ φησι παῖδά μʼ ἐκπεφυκέναι;
How then did he give his own son to another father, and says that I am born as Xuthus's son?
§1534πεφυκέναι μὲν οὐχί, δωρεῖται δέ σε §1535αὑτοῦ γεγῶτα· καὶ γὰρ ἂν φίλος φίλῳ §1536δοίη τὸν αὑτοῦ παῖδα δεσπότην δόμων.
Not that you were born from him, but he presents you who are his own; for a friend might give his own son to a friend to be master of his house.
§1537ὁ θεὸς ἀληθὴς ἢ μάτην μαντεύεται, §1538ἐμοῦ ταράσσει, μῆτερ, εἰκότως φρένα.
Whether the god is true or prophesies in vain, mother, naturally troubles my mind.
§1539ἄκουε δή νυν ἅμʼ ἐσῆλθεν, ὦ τέκνον·
Listen now to what has entered my mind, child.
§1540εὐεργετῶν σε Λοξίας ἐς εὐγενῆ §1541δόμον καθίζει· τοῦ θεοῦ δὲ λεγόμενος, §1542οὐκ ἔσχες ἄν ποτʼ οὔτε παγκλήρους δόμους §1543οὔτʼ ὄνομα πατρός.
Loxias, doing you a favor, settles you in a noble house; but if you were called the god's son, you would never have had an inheritance of the house, nor a father's name.
πῶς γάρ, οὗ γʼ ἐγὼ γάμους §1544ἔκρυπτον αὐτὴ καί σʼ ἀπέκτεινον λάθρα;
For how could you, when I myself was hiding my union and was killing you in secret?
§1545ὃ δʼ ὠφελῶν σε προστίθησʼ ἄλλῳ πατρί.
But he, wishing to help you, attributes you to another father.
§1546οὐχ ὧδε φαύλως αὔτʼ ἐγὼ μετέρχομαι,
I do not pursue this matter so lightly.

Notes

  1. 1455ἀνὰ χεῖρα — The preposition `ἀνά` with the accusative here denotes agency or mediation, meaning "by whose hand" or "guided by whose hand."
  2. 1470ἀνελέγχομαι — Passive of `ἀνελέγχω` ("to cross-examine" or "scrutinize"). Creusa expresses her embarrassment and fear that her past secret is being brought to light by Ion's persistent questioning.
  3. 1512παρʼ οἵαν ἤλθομεν στάθμην βίου — `στάθμη` literally means a plumb-line or measuring line, used here metaphorically to mean a "precarious boundary" or "narrow margin." With the preposition `παρά` ("alongside"), it describes how they narrowly escaped a disastrous fate (matricide).
  4. 1523μὴ σφαλεῖσʼ — First-person singular feminine aorist passive participle of `σφάλλω` ("to trip up," "stumble"), here with the negative particle `μή` forming a conditional or cautious assertion ("lest, having stumbled..."). It modifies the subject of the main verb `προστίθης` ("you attribute").
  5. 1534αὑτοῦ γεγῶτα — Masculine accusative singular of `γεγώς`, the perfect participle of `γίγνομαι`, modifying the pronoun `σε` (Ion). Accompanied by the genitive `αὑτοῦ` ("of himself"), it signifies "you who are born from himself," functioning as a predicate to explain that Apollo acknowledges Ion as his biological son while presenting him as a gift (`δωρεῖται`) to Xuthus.

Cite this passage

Euripides, Ion §1455-1546. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg010.humanitext-grc2:1455-1546

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