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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §8.6.1-8.6.5

Spartan alliance with Chios and Tissaphernes

Passage 814 of 917 · Greek

Summary

While the envoys of Pharnabazus and Tissaphernes compete for Sparta's support, the Lacedaemonians, aided by Alcibiades, choose the alliance with Chios and Tissaphernes, voting to send ships as the twentieth year of the war concludes.

§8.6.1οἱ μὲν οὖν Χῖοι καὶ Τισσαφέρνης κοινῇ κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ἔπρασσον, Καλλίγειτος δὲ ὁ Λαοφῶντος Μεγαρεὺς καὶ Τιμαγόρας ὁ Ἀθηναγόρου Κυζικηνός, φυγάδες τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀμφότεροι παρὰ Φαρναβάζῳ τῷ Φαρνάκου κατοικοῦντες, ἀφικνοῦνται περὶ τὸν αὐτὸν καιρὸν ἐς τὴν Λακεδαίμονα πέμψαντος Φαρναβάζου, ὅπως ναῦς κομίσειαν ἐς τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον, καὶ αὐτός, εἰ δύναιτο, ἅπερ ὁ Τισσαφέρνης προυθυμεῖτο, τάς τε ἐν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἀρχῇ πόλεις ἀποστήσειε τῶν Ἀθηναίων διὰ τοὺς φόρους καὶ ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ βασιλεῖ τὴν ξυμμαχίαν τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ποιήσειεν.
While the Chians and Tissaphernes were acting together for the same purpose, Kalligeitos son of Laophon, a Megarian, and Timagoras son of Athenagoras, a Cyzicene, both exiles from their own cities living with Pharnabazus son of Pharnaces, arrived at Lacedaemon about the same time, sent by Pharnabazus. This was in order to bring ships to the Hellespont, so that he too, if possible, might accomplish what Tissaphernes was eager to do—revolt the cities in his province from the Athenians on account of the tribute, and by his own agency secure the alliance of the Lacedaemonians for the King.
§8.6.2πρασσόντων δὲ ταῦτα χωρὶς ἑκατέρων, τῶν τε ἀπὸ τοῦ Φαρναβάζου καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Τισσαφέρνους, πολλὴ ἅμιλλα ἐγίγνετο τῶν ἐν τῇ Λακεδαίμονι, ὅπως οἱ μὲν ἐς τὴν Ἰωνίαν καὶ Χίον, οἱ δ’ ἐς τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον πρότερον ναῦς καὶ στρατιὰν πείσουσι πέμπειν.
As both parties, those from Pharnabazus and those from Tissaphernes, were negotiating separately, a great rivalry arose among those in Lacedaemon, as the one side tried to persuade them to send ships and an army first to Ionia and Chios, and the other to the Hellespont.
§8.6.3οἱ μέντοι Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὰ τῶν Χίων καὶ Τισσαφέρνους παρὰ πολὺ προσεδέξαντο μᾶλλον· ξυνέπρασσε γὰρ αὐτοῖς καὶ Ἀλκιβιάδης, Ἐνδίῳ ἐφορεύοντι πατρικὸς ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ξένος ὤν, ὅθεν καὶ τοὔνομα Λακωνικὸν ἡ οἰκία αὐτῶν κατὰ τὴν ξενίαν ἔσχεν· Ἔνδιος γὰρ Ἀλκιβιάδου ἐκαλεῖτο.
The Lacedaemonians, however, far more readily accepted the proposals of the Chians and Tissaphernes; for Alcibiades was also cooperating with them, being a close hereditary guest-friend of Endius, who was then serving as ephor, which was why his family had acquired a Laconian name through this friendship; for Endius was called the son of Alcibiades.
§8.6.4ὅμως δ’ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι πρῶτον κατάσκοπον ἐς τὴν Χίον πέμψαντες Φρῦνιν ἄνδρα περίοικον, εἰ αἵ τε νῆες αὐτοῖς εἰσὶν ὅσασπερ ἔλεγον καὶ τἆλλα εἰ ἡ πόλις ἱκανή ἐστι πρὸς τὴν λεγομένην δόξαν, ἀπαγγείλαντος αὐτοῖς ὡς εἴη ταῦτα ἀληθῆ ἅπερ ἤκουον, τούς τε Χίους καὶ τοὺς Ἐρυθραίους εὐθὺς ξυμμάχους ἐποιήσαντο καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ναῦς ἐψηφίσαντο αὐτοῖς πέμπειν, ὡς ἐκεῖ οὐκ ἔλασσον ἢ ἑξήκοντα ἀφ’ ὧν οἱ Χῖοι ἔλεγον ὑπαρχουσῶν.
Nevertheless, the Lacedaemonians first sent Phrynis, a perioecus, as an observer to Chios to see if they had as many ships as they said, and if in other respects the city was adequate to its reported reputation. When he reported back to them that what they had heard was true, they immediately made the Chians and Erythraeans their allies and voted to send them forty ships, since there were already, according to what the Chians said, no fewer than sixty ships available there.
§8.6.5καὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον δέκα τούτων αὐτοὶ ἔμελλον πέμψειν, καὶ Μελαγχρίδαν, ὃς αὐτοῖς ναύαρχος ἦν· ἔπειτα σεισμοῦ γενομένου ἀντὶ τοῦ Μελαγχρίδου Χαλκιδέα ἔπεμπον καὶ ἀντὶ τῶν δέκα νεῶν πέντε παρεσκευάζοντο ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ.
At first they were going to send ten of these themselves, along with Melanchridas, who was their admiral; but afterwards, an earthquake having occurred, they sent Chalcideus instead of Melanchridas, and instead of the ten ships they prepared five in Laconia.
καὶ ὁ χειμὼν ἐτελεύτα καὶ ἑνὸς δέον εἰκοστὸν ἔτος τῷ πολέμῳ ἐτελεύτα τῷδε ὃν Θουκυδίδης ξυνέγραψεν.
Thus the winter ended, and with it the twentieth year of this war of which Thucydides wrote the history.

Notes

  1. 8.6.1πέμψαντος Φαρναβάζου — A genitive absolute expressing the cause or agency behind the arrival of the envoys, indicating that it was by the action of Pharnabazus sending them.
  2. 8.6.3Ἔνδιος γὰρ Ἀλκιβιάδου ἐκαλεῖτο. — The single genitive Ἀλκιβιάδου functions as a patronymic, meaning "Endius the son of Alcibiades." This reflects the hereditary guest-friendship (xenia) between the two families, where they named children after the prominent names of the other's family.
  3. 8.6.4ἀφ’ ὧν οἱ Χῖοι ἔλεγον ὑπαρχουσῶν — This stands for ἀπὸ τῶν νεῶν ἃς οἱ Χῖοι ἔλεγον ὑπάρχειν ("from the ships which the Chians said were there"), representing a condensed attraction where both the relative pronoun ὧν and the participle ὑπαρχουσῶν are attracted to the genitive case by the preposition ἀπό.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §8.6.1-8.6.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.6.1-8.6.5

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