Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §8.48.1-8.48.7

The Conspiracy at Samos and the Warning of Phrynichus

Passage 856 of 917 · Greek

Summary

As the movement to overthrow the democracy and recall Alcibiades materializes from the army at Samos, only the general Phrynichus opposes the plan, warning of its deceitfulness and the likely resistance from the allied cities.

§8.48.1καὶ ἐκινήθη πρότερον ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τοῦτο καὶ ἐς τὴν πόλιν ἐντεῦθεν ὕστερον ἦλθεν.
And this movement began first in the camp, and from there later reached the city.
τῷ τε Ἀλκιβιάδῃ διαβάντες τινὲς ἐκ τῆς Σάμου ἐς λόγους ἦλθον, καὶ ὑποτείνοντος αὐτοῦ Τισσαφέρνην μὲν πρῶτον, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ βασιλέα φίλον ποιήσειν, εἰ μὴ δημοκρατοῖντο (οὕτω γὰρ ἂν πιστεῦσαι μᾶλλον βασιλέα), πολλὰς ἐλπίδας εἶχον αὐτοί θ’ ἑαυτοῖς οἱ δυνατώτατοι τῶν πολιτῶν τὰ πράγματα, οἵπερ καὶ ταλαιπωροῦνται μάλιστα, ἐς ἑαυτοὺς περιποιήσειν καὶ τῶν πολεμίων ἐπικρατήσειν.
Some individuals crossed over from Samos and entered into negotiations with Alcibiades; and as he held out the hope that he would make first Tissaphernes, and then the King also, their friend if they would not have a democracy (for thus the King would trust them more), the most powerful of the citizens, who indeed were suffering the most, had great hopes of getting the government into their own hands and prevailing over the enemy.
§8.48.2ἔς τε τὴν Σάμον ἐλθόντες ξυνίστασάν τε τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοὺς ἐπιτηδείους ἐς ξυνωμοσίαν καὶ ἐς τοὺς πολλοὺς φανερῶς ἔλεγον ὅτι βασιλεὺς σφίσι φίλος ἔσοιτο καὶ χρήματα παρέξοι Ἀλκιβιάδου τε κατελθόντος καὶ μὴ δημοκρατουμένων.
When they returned to Samos, they banded together the suitable men into a conspiracy, and spoke openly to the multitude, saying that the King would be their friend and would supply money if Alcibiades returned and they did not live under a democracy.
§8.48.3καὶ ὁ μὲν ὄχλος, εἰ καί τι παραυτίκα ἤχθετο τοῖς πρασσομένοις, διὰ τὸ εὔπορον τῆς ἐλπίδος τοῦ παρὰ βασιλέως μισθοῦ ἡσύχαζεν· οἱ δὲ ξυνιστάντες τὴν ὀλιγαρχίαν, ἐπειδὴ τῷ πλήθει ἐκοίνωσαν, αὖθις κἀν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς καὶ τοῦ ἑταιρικοῦ τῷ πλέονι τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀλκιβιάδου ἐσκόπουν.
And the crowd, even if they were somewhat displeased at the time with what was being done, remained quiet because of the easy prospect of the pay from the King; but those who were organizing the oligarchy, after communicating the plan to the multitude, once more examined the proposals of Alcibiades among themselves and with the majority of their political association.
§8.48.4καὶ τοῖς μὲν ἄλλοις ἐφαίνετο εὔπορα καὶ πιστά, Φρυνίχῳ δὲ στρατηγῷ ἔτι ὄντι οὐδὲν ἤρεσκεν, ἀλλ’ ὅ τε Ἀλκιβιάδης, ὅπερ καὶ ἦν, οὐδὲν μᾶλλον ὀλιγαρχίας ἢ δημοκρατίας δεῖσθαι ἐδόκει αὐτῷ οὐδ’ ἄλλο τι σκοπεῖσθαι ἢ ὅτῳ τρόπῳ ἐκ τοῦ παρόντος κόσμου τὴν πόλιν μεταστήσας ὑπὸ τῶν ἑταίρων παρακληθεὶς κάτεισι, σφίσι δὲ περιοπτέον εἶναι τοῦτο μάλιστα, ὅπως μὴ στασιάσωσιν· [τῷ] βασιλεῖ τε οὐκ εὔπορον εἶναι καὶ Πελοποννησίων ἤδη ὁμοίως ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ ὄντων καὶ πόλεις ἐχόντων ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ ἀρχῇ οὐ τὰς ἐλαχίστας, Ἀθηναίοις προσθέμενον, οἷς οὐ πιστεύει, πράγματα ἔχειν, ἐξὸν Πελοποννησίους, ὑφ’ ὧν κακὸν οὐδέν πω πέπονθε, φίλους ποιήσασθαι.
And to the others the proposal seemed feasible and trustworthy, but to Phrynichus, who was still general, it was not at all pleasing; rather, it seemed to him that Alcibiades—which was indeed the case—desired an oligarchy no more than a democracy, and aimed at nothing else than by what means, after changing the city's government from its present state, he might return when summoned by his associates, and that they must look out for this above all, that they should not fall into faction; and that it was not easy for the King, when the Peloponnesians were now equally at sea and held not the smallest of the cities in his empire, to take trouble by joining the Athenians, whom he did not trust, when it was possible for him to make friends of the Peloponnesians, from whom he had as yet suffered no harm.
§8.48.5τάς τε ξυμμαχίδας πόλεις, αἷς ὑπεσχῆσθαι δὴ σφᾶς ὀλιγαρχίαν, ὅτι δὴ καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐ δημοκρατήσονται, εὖ εἰδέναι ἔφη ὅτι οὐδὲν μᾶλλον σφίσιν οὔθ’ αἱ ἀφεστηκυῖαι προσχωρήσονται οὔθ’ αἱ ὑπάρχουσαι βεβαιότεραι ἔσονται· οὐ γὰρ βουλήσεσθαι αὐτοὺς μετ᾽ ὀλιγαρχίας ἢ δημοκρατίας δουλεύειν μᾶλλον ἢ μεθ’ ὁποτέρου ἂν τύχωσι τούτων ἐλευθέρους εἶναι·
And as for the allied cities, to which they had promised an oligarchy because they themselves were going to cease to be a democracy, he said he knew well that neither would those that had revolted return to them, nor would those that remained be any more secure; for they would not wish to be slaves under either an oligarchy or a democracy rather than to be free under whichever of these they might happen to live.
§8.48.6τούς τε καλοὺς κἀγαθοὺς ὀνομαζομένους οὐκ ἐλάσσω αὐτοὺς νομίζειν σφίσι πράγματα παρέξειν τοῦ δήμου, ποριστὰς ὄντας καὶ ἐσηγητὰς τῶν κακῶν τῷ δήμῳ, ἐξ ὧν τὰ πλείω αὐτοὺς ὠφελεῖσθαι· καὶ τὸ μὲν ἐπ’ ἐκείνοις εἶναι καὶ ἄκριτοι ἂν καὶ βιαιότερον ἀποθνῄσκειν, τὸν δὲ δῆμον σφῶν τε καταφυγὴν εἶναι καὶ ἐκείνων σωφρονιστήν.
And they believed that the so-called 'good and true men' would cause them no less trouble than the people, since they were the providers and introducers of evils to the people, from which they themselves derived the greater benefit; and as far as it depended on them, they would be put to death without trial and more violently, whereas the people were their refuge and the restrainer of those men.
§8.48.7καὶ ταῦτα παρ’ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων ἐπισταμένας τὰς πόλεις σαφῶς αὐτὸς εἰδέναι ὅτι οὕτω νομίζουσιν.
And he said he knew well that the cities, knowing this from the facts themselves, held this opinion.
οὔκουν ἑαυτῷ γε τῶν ἀπ’ Ἀλκιβιάδου καὶ ἐν τῷ παρόντι πρασσομένων ἀρέσκειν οὐδέν.
Therefore, of the things being done under the influence of Alcibiades and at the present time, nothing at all pleased him.

Notes

  1. 8.48.1ὑποτείνοντος αὐτοῦ — A genitive absolute construction, where αὐτοῦ refers to Alcibiades, serving as the subject of ὑποτείνοντος. The following future infinitive ποιήσειν represents the content of his suggestion.
  2. 8.48.1αὐτοί — The nominative αὐτοί functions as the subject of the infinitives περιποιήσειν and ἐπικρατήσειν. Because it is identical to the subject of the main clause, it stands in the nominative rather than the accusative case. ἑαυτοῖς is a dative of advantage ('for themselves').
  3. 8.48.4ἐξόν — An accusative absolute of the impersonal verb ἔξεστι ('it is possible'), meaning 'it being possible' or 'while they have the opportunity to.'
  4. 8.48.6τὸ μὲν ἐπ’ ἐκείνοις εἶναι — An idiomatic absolute infinitive expression with the article τό, meaning 'as far as it depends on them' or 'so far as they are concerned.'
  5. 8.48.6ἄκριτοι ἂν καὶ βιαιότερον ἀποθνῄσκειν — The infinitive ἀποθνῄσκειν (governed by ἔφη in indirect discourse) with ἂν represents the apodosis of a conditional sentence (potential or contrary-to-fact: 'they would die'). The omitted subject is modified by the nominative adjective ἄκριτοι ('without trial').

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §8.48.1-8.48.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.48.1-8.48.7

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.