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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §8.41.1-8.41.4

Astyochus Sails South and Plunders Cos

Passage 849 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Upon hearing of reinforcements at Caunus, Astyochus abandons Chios to sail there, plundering Cos on the way. At Cnidus, he is advised to immediately attack the Athenian fleet.

§8.41.1ἐν τούτῳ δὲ ἐκ τῆς Καύνου παραγίγνεται ἀγγελία ὅτι αἱ ἑπτὰ καὶ εἴκοσι νῆες καὶ οἱ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ξύμβουλοι πάρεισιν·
Meanwhile, a message arrived from Caunus that the twenty-seven ships and the Lacedaemonian advisers were there.
καὶ νομίσας πάντα ὕστερα εἶναι τἆλλα πρὸς τὸ ναῦς τε, ὅπως θαλασσοκρατοῖεν μᾶλλον, τοσαύτας ξυμπαρακομίσαι, καὶ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους, οἳ ἧκον κατάσκοποι αὐτοῦ, ἀσφαλῶς περαιωθῆναι, εὐθὺς ἀφεὶς τὸ ἐς τὴν Χίον ἔπλει ἐς τὴν Καῦνον.
Thinking everything else to be of secondary importance compared to convoying so many ships in order that they might better hold the mastery of the sea, and to getting the Lacedaemonians, who had come as his inspectors, safely across, he immediately abandoned the expedition to Chios and sailed for Caunus.
§8.41.2καὶ ἐς Κῶν τὴν Μεροπίδα ἐν τῷ παράπλῳ ἀποβὰς τήν τε πόλιν ἀτείχιστον οὖσαν καὶ ὑπὸ σεισμοῦ, ὃς αὐτοῖς ἔτυχε μέγιστός γε δὴ ὧν μεμνήμεθα γενόμενος, ξυμπεπτωκυῖαν ἐκπορθεῖ, τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐς τὰ ὄρη πεφευγότων, καὶ τὴν χώραν καταδρομαῖς λείαν ἐποιεῖτο, πλὴν τῶν ἐλευθέρων·
Landing on his way at Cos Meropis, he sacked the city, which was unfortified and had been laid in ruins by an earthquake—the greatest, indeed, within our memory.
τούτους δὲ ἀφίει.
The inhabitants had fled to the mountains, and he plundered the territory, except for the free population, whom he set free.
§8.41.3ἐκ δὲ τῆς Κῶ ἀφικόμενος ἐς τὴν Κνίδον νυκτὸς ἀναγκάζεται ὑπὸ τῶν Κνιδίων παραινούντων μὴ ἐκβιβάσαι τοὺς ναύτας, ἀλλ’ ὥσπερ εἶχε πλεῖν εὐθὺς ἐπὶ τὰς τῶν Ἀθηναίων ναῦς εἴκοσιν, ἃς ἔχων Χαρμῖνος εἷς τῶν ἐκ Σάμου στρατηγῶν ἐφύλασσε ταύτας τὰς ἑπτὰ καὶ εἴκοσι ναῦς ἐκ τῆς Πελοποννήσου προσπλεούσας, ἐφ’ ἅσπερ καὶ ὁ Ἀστύοχος παρέπλει.
Arriving at Cnidus from Cos by night, he was urged by the Cnidians not to land his sailors, but to sail just as he was straight against the twenty Athenian ships, with which Charminus, one of the generals from Samos, was watching for those twenty-seven ships sailing from the Peloponnese—the very ones towards which Astyochus also was sailing.
§8.41.4ἐπύθοντο δὲ οἱ ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ ἐκ τῆς Μήλου τὸν ἐπίπλουν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἡ φυλακὴ τῷ Χαρμίνῳ περὶ τὴν Σύμην καὶ Χάλκην καὶ Ῥόδον καὶ περὶ τὴν Λυκίαν ἦν· ἤδη γὰρ ᾐσθάνετο καὶ ἐν τῇ Καύνῳ οὔσας αὐτάς.
For those in Samos had learned from Melos of their approach, and Charminus was keeping watch around Syme, Chalce, Rhodes, and Lycia; for he was already aware that they were even in Caunus.

Notes

  1. 8.41.1πρὸς τὸ ναῦς τε, ὅπως θαλασσοκρατοῖεν μᾶλλον, τοσαύτας ξυμπαρακομίσαι, καὶ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους, οἳ ἧκον κατάσκοποι αὐτοῦ, ἀσφαλῶς περαιωθῆναι — The preposition `πρός` (with accusative, meaning "compared to") governs two infinitives substantivized by the article `τό` (`ξυμπαρακομίσαι` and `περαιωθῆναι`). `τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους` acts as the subject accusative of the latter infinitive.
  2. 8.41.2ὃς αὐτοῖς ἔτυχε μέγιστός γε δὴ ὧν μεμνήμεθα γενόμενος — The verb `τυγχάνω` is used with the participle `γενόμενος` to express "happened to be" or "actually was." `ὧν` is a relative pronoun in the genitive, with its antecedent omitted and attracted into the genitive case governed by the verb `μεμνήμεθα`.
  3. 8.41.3ὥσπερ εἶχε — An idiomatic expression using `ἔχω` intransitively ("to be in a certain state"), meaning here "just as he was," i.e., without delay or preparation.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §8.41.1-8.41.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.41.1-8.41.4

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