Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §7.69.1-7.69.4
Nicias Exhorts His Captains and the Fleet Puts to Sea
Summary
Upon detecting the Athenians' preparation, the Syracusan forces ready their ships, while Nicias, overwhelmed by the imminent danger, desperately exhorts his captains individually by appealing to their ancestral honor and country's freedom before drawing up his land forces on the shore. Subsequently, the Athenian fleet led by Demosthenes and others sets sail to force their way through the harbor barrier.
Notes
- 7.69.2ὅσον οὐκ — Used in combination with the conjunction ἐπειδὴ to mean "just when" or "on the very point of." Literally meaning "how little is not," the phrase ὅσον οὐκ functions as an adverbial idiom for "almost" or "all but," which here, combined with the imperfect ἔμελλον, vividly depicts the fleet being on the verge of setting sail.
- 7.69.2μὴ προδιδόναι τινὰ — The subject of the infinitive προδιδόναι is the indefinite pronoun τινὰ (accusative) inside the infinitive clause. In this context, it refers to each of the trierarchs ("that anyone who..."). The object is the preceding phrase τό τε καθ’ ἑαυτόν ("his own self/reputation"), which is modified by the relative clause ᾧ ὑπῆρχε λαμπρότητός τι ("in whom there was some luster").
- 7.69.3οὐχ ἱκανὰ μᾶλλον ἢ καὶ ἀναγκαῖα — A comparative expression meaning "not so much sufficient as rather [merely] necessary," which conveys Nicias's sorrowful state of mind. The structure μᾶλλον ἤ compares two adjectives to mean "B rather than A." Here it implies that Nicias did not feel his speech was fully adequate to the occasion, but was rather the bare minimum required by the emergency.
Cite this passage
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §7.69.1-7.69.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.69.1-7.69.4
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