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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §6.82.1-6.82.4

Euphemus Justifies the Athenian Empire and Hegemony

Passage 698 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The Athenian envoy Euphemus begins his speech, defending the legitimacy of the Athenian empire. He explains how the Ionians sought to avoid Dorian domination and established their own hegemony after the Persian War.

§6.82.1‘ἀφικόμεθα μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς πρότερον οὔσης ξυμμαχίας ἀνανεώσει, τοῦ δὲ Συρακοσίου καθαψαμένου ἀνάγκη καὶ περὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς εἰπεῖν ὡς εἰκότως ἔχομεν.
'We have come to renew our former alliance; but as the Syracusan has attacked us, it is necessary for us to speak also of our empire, to show how reasonably we hold it.
§6.82.2τὸ μὲν οὖν μέγιστον μαρτύριον αὐτὸς εἶπεν, ὅτι οἱ Ἴωνες αἰεί ποτε πολέμιοι τοῖς Δωριεῦσιν εἰσίν.
Indeed, the strongest proof he himself has given, in saying that Ionians are always enemies to Dorians.
ἔχει δὲ καὶ οὕτως·
And the case is even so.
ἡμεῖς γὰρ Ἴωνες ὄντες Πελοποννησίοις Δωριεῦσι καὶ πλέοσιν οὖσι καὶ παροικοῦσιν ἐσκεψάμεθα ὅτῳ τρόπῳ ἥκιστα αὐτῶν ὑπακουσόμεθα, §6.82.3καὶ μετὰ τὰ Μηδικὰ ναῦς κτησάμενοι τῆς μὲν Λακεδαιμονίων ἀρχῆς καὶ ἡγεμονίας ἀπηλλάγημεν,οὐδὲν προσῆκον μᾶλλόν τι ἐκείνους ἡμῖν ἢ καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκείνοις ἐπιτάσσειν, πλὴν καθ’ ὅσον ἐν τῷ παρόντι μεῖζον ἴσχυον, αὐτοὶ δὲ τῶν ὑπὸ βασιλεῖ πρότερον ὄντων ἡγεμόνες καταστάντες οἰκοῦμεν, νομίσαντες ἥκιστ’ ἂν ὑπὸ Πελοποννησίοις οὕτως εἶναι, δύναμιν ἔχοντες ᾗ ἀμυνούμεθα, καὶ ἐς τὸ ἀκριβὲς εἰπεῖν οὐδὲ ἀδίκως καταστρεψάμενοι τούς τε Ἴωνας καὶ νησιώτας, οὓς ξυγγενεῖς φασὶν ὄντας ἡμᾶς Συρακόσιοι δεδουλῶσθαι.
For we, being Ionians, considered in what way we might least be subject to the Peloponnesians, who are Dorians, more numerous than ourselves, and our neighbors; and after the Persian War, having acquired a fleet, we rid ourselves of the empire and leadership of the Lacedaemonians, there being no more fitness in their commanding us than in our commanding them, except in so far as they were stronger at the moment; and we ourselves, having established ourselves as leaders of those who had previously been under the King, manage our affairs, believing that in this way we should least be under the subjection of the Peloponnesians, having a power with which to defend ourselves. And, to speak accurately, we did not even unjustly subdue the Ionians and islanders, whom the Syracusans say we have enslaved, though they are our kinsmen.
§6.82.4ἦλθον γὰρ ἐπὶ τὴν μητρόπολιν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς μετὰ τοῦ Μήδου καὶ οὐκ ἐτόλμησαν ἀποστάντες τὰ οἰκεῖα φθεῖραι, ὥσπερ ἡμεῖς ἐκλιπόντες τὴν πόλιν, δουλείαν δὲ αὐτοί τε ἐβούλοντο καὶ ἡμῖν τὸ αὐτὸ ἐπενεγκεῖν.
For they came against us, their mother city, in company with the Mede, and had not the courage to revolt and sacrifice their property, as we did when we abandoned our city, but they chose slavery for themselves and wished to bring the same upon us.'

Notes

  1. §6.82.1τοῦ δὲ Συρακοσίου καθαψαμένου — Genitive absolute with "ὁ Συρακόσιος" as the subject. The singular refers to Hermocrates, the Syracusan envoy who spoke just before. The verb "καθάπτομαι" (aorist participle middle) means "to attack" or "to reproach".
  2. §6.82.3οὐδὲν προσῆκον — Accusative absolute using the neuter singular accusative of the present participle of the impersonal verb "προσήκει" (it is fitting). It takes the infinitive clause "ἐκείνους ... ἐπιτάσσειν" (their commanding) as its logical subject.
  3. §6.82.3οὓς ξυγγενεῖς φασὶν ὄντας ἡμᾶς Συρακόσιοι δεδουλῶσθαι — The relative pronoun "οὓς" (referring back to "τούς τε Ἴωνας καὶ νησιώτας") is the object of the infinitive "δεδουλῶσθαι" in the accusative-with-infinitive construction "ἡμᾶς ... δεδουλῶσθαι" (that we enslaved them), which depends on "φασὶν" (the Syracusans say). The participle clause "ξυγγενεῖς ὄντας" agrees with "οὓς" and has a concessive force ("although they are our kinsmen").

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §6.82.1-6.82.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.82.1-6.82.4

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