Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §4.30.1-4.30.4
The Burning of the Woods and Preparations to Land
Summary
Demosthenes, recalling his bitter defeat in Aetolia due to dense forests, benefits from an accidental fire that burns down most of Sphacteria's woods, exposing the enemy's true strength and making landing easier. Cleon then arrives with reinforcements, and together they send a herald to the Spartan mainland camp, proposing the peaceful surrender of the troops trapped on the island.
Notes
- 4.30.2προσίσχοντας — Although it is placed within the genitive absolute construction τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν ἀναγκασθέντων (where one might expect the genitive form προσισχόντων), the accusative participle προσίσχοντας is used because it functions as the subject of the infinitive ἀριστοποιεῖσθαι.
- 4.30.2ἔλαθε κατακαυθέν — The construction of the verb λανθάνω with a participle (here the aorist passive participle κατακαυθέν) expresses that the action happens without the subject's (or others') awareness; meaning 'the greater part of it was burnt down before they knew it.'
- 4.30.3ὡς ἐπ᾽ ἀξιόχρεων — The conjunction ὡς marks subjective purpose or intention ('as if towards...'), modifying the prepositional phrase ἐπ’ ἀξιόχρεων (the neuter accusative of ἀξιόχρεως, 'worthy, sufficient'). It indicates that Demosthenes intended the Athenians to view the enterprise as a truly worthy challenge and put serious effort into it.
- 4.30.4ἐφ’ ᾧ ... τηρήσονται — The conjunction ἐφ’ ᾧ (introducing a condition, 'on the condition that') is followed by the future indicative τηρήσονται, expressing the terms and conditions of custody under which the proposed surrender would take place.
Cite this passage
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §4.30.1-4.30.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.30.1-4.30.4
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