Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §4.130.1-4.130.7

Factional Strife in Mende and Athenian Capture of the City

Passage 495 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The Athenian forces ravage the suburbs of Mende and proceed with the siege. Factional strife erupts inside the city between the pro-Athenian populace and the Peloponnesian garrison, allowing the Athenians to break in, plunder the city, and subsequently advance against Scione.

§4.130.1τῇ δ’ ὑστεραίᾳ οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι περιπλεύσαντες ἐς τὸ πρὸς Σκιώνης τό τε προάστειον εἷλον καὶ τὴν ἡμέραν ἅπασαν ἐδῄουν τὴν γῆν οὐδενὸς ἐπεξιόντος (ἦν γάρ τι καὶ στασιασμοῦ ἐν τῇ πόλει), οἱ δὲ τριακόσιοι τῶν Σκιωναίων τῆς ἐπιούσης νυκτὸς ἀπεχώρησαν ἐπ’ οἴκου.
On the following day, the Athenians, having sailed round to the side facing Scione, took the suburb and ravaged the land for the whole day, while no one came out against them (for there was also some factional strife in the city); and the three hundred Scionaeans withdrew to their home during the ensuing night.
§4.130.2καὶ τῇ ἐπιγιγνομένῃ ἡμέρᾳ Νικίας μὲν τῷ ἡμίσει τοῦ στρατοῦ προϊὼν ἅμα ἐς τὰ μεθόρια τῶν Σκιωναίων τὴν γῆν ἐδῄου, Νικόστρατος δὲ τοῖς λοιποῖς κατὰ τὰς ἄνω πύλας, ᾗ ἐπὶ Ποτειδαίας ἔρχονται, προσεκάθητο τῇ πόλει.
On the next day, Nicias, advancing with half of the army, ravaged the land up to the borders of the Scionaeans, while Nicostratus with the rest sat down before the city near the upper gates, where the road goes to Potidaea.
§4.130.3ὁ δὲ Πολυδαμίδας (ἔτυχε γὰρ ταύτῃ τοῖς Μενδαίοις καὶ ἐπικούροις ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους τὰ ὅπλα κείμενα) διατάσσει τε ὡς ἐς μάχην καὶ παρῄνει τοῖς Μενδαίοις ἐπεξιέναι.
Polydamidas, since it happened that the arms of the Mendaeans and the auxiliaries were lying inside the wall at this point, drew them up as if for battle and exhorted the Mendaeans to sally forth.
§4.130.4καί τινος αὐτῷ τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ δήμου ἀντειπόντος κατὰ τὸ στασιωτικὸν ὅτι οὐκ ἐπέξεισιν οὐδὲ δέοιτο πολεμεῖν, καὶ ὡς ἀντεῖπεν ἐπισπασθέντος τε τῇ χειρὶ ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ καὶ θορυβηθέντος, ὁ δῆμος εὐθὺς ἀναλαβὼν τὰ ὅπλα περιοργὴς ἐχώρει ἐπί τε Πελοποννησίους καὶ τοὺς τὰ ἐναντία σφίσι μετ’ αὐτῶν πράξαντας.
And when one of the popular party argued against him, in a spirit of faction, saying that he would not sally forth and that there was no need to fight, and when, because he argued, he was dragged by the hand by Polydamidas and thrown into confusion, the populace immediately took up arms and in great anger went against the Peloponnesians and those who had acted with them against themselves.
§4.130.5καὶ προσπεσόντες τρέπουσιν ἅμα μὲν μάχῃ αἰφνιδίῳ, ἅμα δὲ τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις τῶν πυλῶν ἀνοιγομένων φοβηθέντων· ᾠήθησαν γὰρ ἀπὸ προειρημένου τινὸς αὐτοῖς τὴν ἐπιχείρησιν γενέσθαι.
Falling upon them, they routed them, partly in an unexpected battle, and partly because the Peloponnesians were terrified when the gates were opened to the Athenians; for they thought that the attack had been made by some preconcerted agreement with them.
§4.130.6καὶ οἱ μὲν ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν, ὅσοι μὴ αὐτίκα διεφθάρησαν, κατέφυγον, ἥνπερ καὶ τὸ πρότερον αὐτοὶ εἶχον· οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι (ἤδη γὰρ καὶ ὁ Νικίας ἐπαναστρέψας πρὸς τῇ πόλει ἦν) ἐσπεσόντες ἐς τὴν Μένδην πόλιν, ἅτε οὐκ ἀπὸ ξυμβάσεως ἀνοιχθεῖσαν, ἁπάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ ὡς κατὰ κράτος ἑλόντες διήρπασαν, καὶ μόλις οἱ στρατηγοὶ κατέσχον ὥστε μὴ καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους διαφθείρεσθαι.
Those who were not immediately destroyed fled to the acropolis, which they themselves had held before; but the Athenians (for Nicias had already returned and was at the city), rushing into the city of Mende, since it had not been opened by agreement, plundered it as though they had taken it by storm with their whole army, and the generals with difficulty restrained them from destroying the people as well.
§4.130.7καὶ τοὺς μὲν Μενδαίους μετὰ ταῦτα πολιτεύειν ἐκέλευον ὥσπερ εἰώθεσαν, αὐτοὺς κρίναντας ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς εἴ τινας ἡγοῦνται αἰτίους εἶναι τῆς ἀποστάσεως· τοὺς δ’ ἐν τῇ ἀκροπόλει ἀπετείχισαν ἑκατέρωθεν τείχει ἐς θάλασσαν καὶ φυλακὴν ἐπικαθίσταντο.
After this, they told the Mendaeans to govern themselves as they were accustomed to do, after trying among themselves any whom they thought to be responsible for the revolt; but those in the acropolis they walled off on both sides by a wall down to the sea, and established a guard.
ἐπειδὴ δὲ τὰ περὶ τὴν Μένδην κατέσχον, ἐπὶ τὴν Σκιώνην ἐχώρουν.
When they had settled affairs in Mende, they proceeded against Scione.

Notes

  1. 4.130.1τι καὶ στασιασμοῦ — A partitive genitive with the impersonal ἦν. τι functions as the subject, indicating that 'something of factional strife' existed in the city.
  2. 4.130.4ὡς ἀντεῖπεν ἐπισπασθέντος τε τῇ χειρὶ ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ καὶ θορυβηθέντος — ὡς is a causal conjunction. ἐπισπασθέντος and θορυβηθέντος are genitive absolutes whose implied subject is the citizen of the popular party (τινος) who argued against Polydamidas.
  3. 4.130.5τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις τῶν πυλῶν ἀνοιγομένων φοβηθέντων — τῶν πυλῶν ἀνοιγομένων ('the gates being opened') and φοβηθέντων ('the Peloponnesians becoming terrified') are separate genitive absolutes. The dative τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις indicates advantage or direction ('for' or 'to' the Athenians).
  4. 4.130.6ἅτε οὐκ ἀπὸ ξυμβάσεως ἀνοιχθεῖσαν — The combination of the particle ἅτε and the participle ἀνοιχθεῖσαν (perfect passive participle, feminine accusative singular) expresses an objective reason ('inasmuch as it had not been opened by agreement'). The participle agrees with the preceding object τὴν Μένδην πόλιν.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §4.130.1-4.130.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.130.1-4.130.7

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.