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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §3.20.1-3.20.4

Plataean Escape Plan and Ladder Preparation

Passage 269 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The besieged Plataeans and their Athenian allies plan an escape by scaling the enemy's walls. They determine the correct height of the ladders by counting the courses of bricks, and about two hundred and twenty volunteers commit to the attempt.

§3.20.1τοῦ δ’ αὐτοῦ χειμῶνος οἱ Πλαταιῆς (ἔτι γὰρ ἐπολιορκοῦντο ὑπὸ τῶν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Βοιωτῶν) ἐπειδὴ τῷ τε σίτῳ ἐπιλείποντι ἐπιέζοντο καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν οὐδεμία ἐλπὶς ἦν τιμωρίας οὐδὲ ἄλλη σωτηρία ἐφαίνετο, ἐπιβουλεύουσιν αὐτοί τε καὶ Ἀθηναίων οἱ ξυμπολιορκούμενοι πρῶτον μὲν πάντες ἐξελθεῖν καὶ ὑπερβῆναι τὰ τείχη τῶν πολεμίων, ἢν δύνωνται βιάσασθαι, ἐσηγησαμένων τὴν πεῖραν αὐτοῖς Θεαινέτου τε τοῦ Τολμίδου ἀνδρὸς μάντεως καὶ Εὐπομπίδου τοῦ Δαϊμάχου, ὃς καὶ ἐστρατήγει·
During the same winter, the Plataeans (for they were still being besieged by the Peloponnesians and Boeotians), since they were hard pressed by the failure of their food supply, and there was no hope of help from Athens, nor did any other means of safety appear, planned—both themselves and the Athenians who were besieged with them—first of all for everyone to go out and scale the enemy’s walls, if they should be able to force their way through. This attempt was suggested to them by Theaenetus, son of Tolmides, a seer, and Eupompides, son of Daimachus, who was also a general.
§3.20.2ἔπειτα οἱ μὲν ἡμίσεις ἀπώκνησάν πως τὸν κίνδυνον μέγαν ἡγησάμενοι, ἐς δὲ ἄνδρας διακοσίους καὶ εἴκοσι μάλιστα ἐνέμειναν τῇ ἐξόδῳ ἐθελονταὶ τρόπῳ τοιῷδε.
Then, about half of them shrank back from it, thinking the danger too great; but about two hundred and twenty men voluntarily persevered in the plan of escape, in the following manner.
§3.20.3κλίμακας ἐποιήσαντο ἴσας τῷ τείχει τῶν πολεμίων· ξυνεμετρήσαντο δὲ ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς τῶν πλίνθων, ᾗ ἔτυχε πρὸς σφᾶς οὐκ ἐξαληλιμμένον τὸ τεῖχος αὐτῶν.
They made ladders equal in height to the enemy's wall; and they measured this by the courses of the bricks, at a point where the wall happened to have no plastering on the side facing them.
ἠριθμοῦντο δὲ πολλοὶ ἅμα τὰς ἐπιβολάς, καὶ ἔμελλον οἱ μέν τινες ἁμαρτήσεσθαι οἱ δὲ πλείους τεύξεσθαι τοῦ ἀληθοῦς λογισμοῦ, ἄλλως τε καὶ πολλάκις ἀριθμοῦντες καὶ ἅμα οὐ πολὺ ἀπέχοντες, ἀλλὰ ῥᾳδίως καθορωμένου ἐς ὃ ἐβούλοντο τοῦ τείχους.
Many counted the courses at the same time, and though some were likely to make a mistake, the majority would hit upon the true calculation, especially since they counted many times, and at the same time were not far off, but the wall they wished to look at was easily visible.
§3.20.4τὴν μὲν οὖν ξυμμέτρησιν τῶν κλιμάκων οὕτως ἔλαβον, ἐκ τοῦ πάχους τῆς πλίνθου εἰκάσαντες τὸ μέτρον.
In this way, then, they got the measure of the ladders, estimating the height from the thickness of a brick.

Notes

  1. §3.20.1ἐσηγησαμένων τὴν πεῖραν αὐτοῖς — A genitive absolute construction meaning 'as they suggested the attempt to them.' The grammatical subjects of the participle ἐσηγησαμένων are Θεαινέτου and Εὐπομπίδου. It is placed at the end of the sentence to explain the originators of the plan described by the main verb ἐπιβουλεύουσιν.
  2. §3.20.3ᾗ ἔτυχε πρὸς σφᾶς οὐκ ἐξαληλιμμένον τὸ τεῖχος αὐτῶν — ᾗ is a relative adverb of place ('where'). ἔτυχε takes the supplementary participle οὐκ ἐξαληλιμμένον, meaning 'happened to be unplastered.' αὐτῶν ('their,' referring to the enemy) modifies τὸ τεῖχος, and πρὸς σφᾶς ('towards themselves') means 'on the side facing the Plataeans.'
  3. §3.20.3καθορωμένου ἐς ὃ ἐβούλοντο τοῦ τείχους — Genitive absolute construction. τοῦ τείχους is the grammatical subject of the passive participle καθορωμένου, and the relative clause ἐς ὃ ἐβούλοντο ('whither they wished') limits the part of the wall being looked at. While some interpret it as an impersonal construction, it is more natural to take τοῦ τείχους (or the part implied by the relative clause) as the subject of the participle.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §3.20.1-3.20.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.20.1-3.20.4

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