Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §1.91.1-1.91.7
Completion of the Walls and the Speech of Themistocles
Summary
Themistocles suggested that the Lacedaemonians send inspectors to Athens to delay their suspicion, while secretly advising the Athenians to detain those inspectors. Once his fellow-envoys arrived and confirmed the completion of the wall, Themistocles openly declared to the Lacedaemonians that Athens was now fortified and argued that equal defensive preparation is necessary for fair joint deliberation.
Notes
- 1.91.1οὐκ εἶχον ὅπως χρὴ ἀπιστῆσαι — The verb οὐκ εἶχον (imperfect of ἔχω, 'not to know how') is followed by the indirect deliberative question ὅπως χρὴ ἀπιστῆσαι ('how they should disbelieve'). This construction expresses their perplexity and implies that they had no choice but to believe the reports in the face of accumulating evidence.
- 1.91.2οἵτινες χρηστοὶ καὶ πιστῶς ἀναγγελοῦσι σκεψάμενοι — The relative clause introduced by οἵτινες followed by the future indicative ἀναγγελοῦσι (future of ἀγγέλλω) expresses purpose ('who should report'). The aorist participle σκεψάμενοι indicates an action preceding the reporting ('after having inspected').
- 1.91.3πρὶν ἂν αὐτοὶ πάλιν κομισθῶσιν — Since the leading clause contains a negative expression (μὴ ἀφεῖναι, 'not to let go'), πρὶν ἄν is used with the subjunctive (here passive aorist third-person plural κομισθῶσιν), meaning 'until they themselves should return'. The pronoun αὐτοί is intensive, referring to Themistocles and his colleagues.
- 1.91.4ὡς πρὸς διαγιγνώσκοντας — The combination of ὡς and the participle (present active accusative plural διαγιγνώσκοντας) represents a subjective assumption or attitude ('as to men who can discern'). It sets up the premise under which the Lacedaemonians are expected to approach the Athenians.
- 1.91.7μὴ ἀπὸ ἀντιπάλου παρασκευῆς — The negative particle μὴ indicates that this prepositional phrase functions as a conditional clause ('if not starting from an equal state of preparation'). The use of μὴ rather than οὐ reflects this generic conditionality.
Cite this passage
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §1.91.1-1.91.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.91.1-1.91.7
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