[PAULUS libro uicensimo nono ad edictum. ] §13.7.20.prAliena res pignori dari uoluntate domini potest: sed et si ignorante eo data sit et ratum habuerit, pignus ualebit.
[PAULUS, On the Edict, Book 29] Another's property can be given in pledge with the consent of the owner; but even if it was given without his knowledge, and he subsequently ratified it, the pledge will be valid.
§13.7.20.1Si pluribus res simul pignori detur, aequalis omnium causa est.
If a thing is given in pledge to several persons at the same time, the position of all of them is equal.
§13.7.20.2Si per creditorem stetit, quo minus ei soluatur, recte agitur pigneraticia.
If it was due to the creditor that payment was not made to him, the action on pledge is rightly brought.
§13.7.20.3Interdum etsi soluta sit pecunia, tamen pigneraticia actio inhibenda est, ueluti si creditor pignus suum emerit a debitore.
Sometimes, even if the money has been paid, the action on pledge must nevertheless be barred, for example, if the creditor has purchased his own pledge from the debtor.