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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §12.6.57.pr-12.6.57.1

Undue Payments Involving Tutors and Agents

Passage 2033 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text discusses the attribution of the right to recover an undue payment made by a tutor in the pupil's name, and the proper defendant for recovery when a creditor authorizes payment to an agent but an overpayment occurs.

[IDEM libro tertio responsorum. ] §12.6.57.prCum indebitum impuberis nomine tutor numerauit, impuberis condictio est.
[THE SAME, in the third book of Responses.] When a tutor has paid what was not due in the name of a pupil, the condictio belongs to the pupil.
§12.6.57.1Creditor, ut procuratori suo debitum redderetur, mandauit: maiore pecunia soluta procurator indebiti causa conuenietur: quod si nominatim, ut maior pecunia solueretur, delegauit, indebiti cum eo qui delegauit erit actio, quae non uidetur perempta, si frustra cum procuratore lis fuerit instituta.
A creditor directed that a debt be paid to his procurator; if a larger sum is paid, the procurator will be sued on the ground of an undue payment. But if he specifically delegated that a larger sum should be paid, the action for the undue payment will lie against the person who made the delegation, and this action is not deemed to be extinguished even if a lawsuit has been fruitlessly instituted against the procurator.

Notes

  1. 12.6.57.primpuberis — A genitive of possession (or attribution) with `condictio est`, indicating that the right of recovery (condictio) belongs to the pupil.
  2. 12.6.57.1maiore pecunia soluta — An ablative absolute construction expressing a condition ("if a larger sum is paid") or time.
  3. 12.6.57.1cum eo — The preposition `cum` ("with") is used here with `actio [indebiti]` or `erit` to designate the defending party in the lawsuit; i.e., "against the person who made the delegation."
  4. 12.6.57.1quae non uidetur perempta — The relative pronoun `quae` refers back to `actio`. `perempta` is the perfect passive participle of `perimere` (to extinguish), functioning here as an infinitive with `esse` omitted, acting as the complement of `uidetur` ("is not deemed to be extinguished").

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §12.6.57.pr-12.6.57.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:12.6.57.pr-12.6.57.1

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