[ULPIANUS libro octauo ad edictum. ] §12.3.7.prUolgo praesumitur alium in litem non debere iurare quam dominum litis: denique Papinianus ait alium non posse iurare quam eum, qui litem suo nomine contestatus est.
[ULPIANUS, Eighth Book on the Edict.] It is commonly presumed that no one other than the owner of the lawsuit ought to take the oath in court; indeed, Papinian says that no one can take the oath other than the person who has joined issue in his own name.