Humanitext Reader

Livy · History of Rome §37.5.1-37.5.6

Capture of Lamia and the Siege of Amphissa

Passage 1330 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Acilius launches a surprise attack on Lamia and captures it the following day despite fierce resistance. Afterward, he decides against marching to Naupactus and instead directs his forces to besiege Amphissa using military engines.

§37.5.1magnus pavor ac tumultus, ut in re improvisa, fuit.
There was great panic and confusion, as is usual in an unexpected emergency.
constantius tamen, quam quis facturos crederet, in tam subito periculo, cum viri propugnarent, feminae tela omnis generis saxaque in muros gererent, iam multifariam scalis appositis urbem eo die defenderunt.
Yet they defended the city on that day, with ladders already applied in many places, in so sudden a danger, with greater constancy than anyone would have believed they would show, while the men fought from the walls and the women carried missiles of every kind and stones to the walls.
§37.5.2Acilius signo receptui dato suos in castra medio ferme die reduxit; et tunc cibo et quiete refectis corporibus, priusquam praetorium dimitteret, denuntiavit, ut ante lucem armati paratique essent; §37.5.3nisi expugnata urbe se eos in castra non reducturum.
Acilius, having given the signal for retreat, led his men back into the camp about noon; and then, after their bodies had been refreshed with food and rest, before he dismissed the council of war, he ordered them to be armed and ready before dawn; declaring that he would not lead them back into the camp unless the city was taken.
eodem tempore, quo pridie, pluribus locis adgressus, cum oppidanos iam vires, iam tela, iam ante omnia animus deficeret, intra paucas horas urbem cepit.
Having attacked in more places at the same time on the following day as on the day before, while the townspeople were now failing in strength, now in missiles, and now above all in courage, he took the city within a few hours.
§37.5.4ibi partim divendita partim divisa praeda, consilium habitum, quid deinde faceret.
There, the booty having been partly sold and partly distributed, a council was held as to what he should do next.
nemini ad Naupactum iri placuit occupato ad Coracem ab Aetolis saltu.
No one favored going to Naupactus, since the pass at Corax was occupied by the Aetolians.
ne tamen segnia aestiva essent et Aetoli non impetratam pacem ab senatu nihilo minus per suam cunctationem haberent, oppugnare Acilius Amphissam statuit.
However, lest the summer campaign should be inactive, and lest the Aetolians should nevertheless possess, through their own delay, the peace which they had not obtained from the senate, Acilius decided to attack Amphissa.
ab Heraclea per Oetam exercitus eo deductus.
From Heraclea, the army was led thither through Oeta.
§37.5.5cum ad moenia castra posuisset, non corona, sicut Lamiam, sed operibus oppugnare urbem est adortus.
When he had pitched camp near the walls, he began to assault the city, not by surrounding it, as he had done at Lamia, but with siege works.
pluribus simul locis aries admovebatur, et cum quaterentur muri, nihil adversus tale machinationis genus parare aut comminisci oppidani conabantur; §37.5.6omnis spes in armis et audacia erat; eruptionibus crebris et stationes hostium et eos ipsos, qui circa opera et machinas erant, turbabant.
The battering-ram was brought up in several places at the same time, and though the walls were shaken, the townspeople did not attempt to prepare or devise any defense against that kind of machinery; all hope was placed in arms and daring; by frequent sallies they threw into confusion both the outposts of the enemy and those very men who were around the works and machines.

Notes

  1. 37.5.1constantius ... quam quis facturos crederet — A construction combining the comparative adverb `constantius` and `quis`, which means `aliquis` ("anyone") when following `quam`. `facturos` stands for the future active infinitive `facturos esse` with `esse` and its subject accusative (the townspeople) omitted. `crederet` is in the imperfect subjunctive, expressing past potentiality ("than anyone would have believed they would do").
  2. 37.5.3nisi expugnata urbe se eos in castra non reducturum — A continuation of the indirect statement (accusative and infinitive construction) introduced by `denuntiavit` in the preceding section. `se` (referring to Acilius) is the subject accusative, with `reducturum` representing the future active infinitive (`reducturum esse` with `esse` omitted). The ablative absolute `nisi expugnata urbe` corresponds to a future perfect conditional clause in direct speech (`nisi expugnata erit urbs`).
  3. 37.5.4nemini ad Naupactum iri placuit — The present passive infinitive `iri` of the intransitive verb `eo` ("to go") is used here in an impersonal passive construction (literally, "it pleased no one for it to be gone to Naupactus"), meaning "no one favored marching to Naupactus."
  4. 37.5.4non impetratam pacem ... haberent — Refers to the paradoxical scenario where the Aetolians might virtually enjoy (`haberent`) the very peace which they "had not obtained" (`non impetratam pacem`) from the Roman senate, simply due to the Roman military "delay" (`cunctationem`).

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §37.5.1-37.5.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:37.5.1-37.5.6

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