§37.40.1regia acies varia magis multis gentibus, dissimilitudine armorum auxiliorumque erat.
The king's line of battle was more varied, being composed of many nations and showing a dissimilarity of arms and auxiliary forces.
decem et sex milia peditum more Macedonum armati fuere, qui phalangitae appellabantur.
There were sixteen thousand infantry armed in the Macedonian fashion, who were called phalangitae.
haec media acies fuit, §37.40.2in fronte in decem partes divisa; partes eas interpositis binis elephantis distinguebat; a fronte introrsus in duos et triginta ordines armatorum acies patebat.
This was the center of the line, divided into ten parts on the front; it distinguished these parts by placing two elephants between each; from the front inwards, the line of armed men extended to a depth of thirty-two ranks.
§37.40.3hoc et roboris in regiis copiis erat, et perinde cum alia specie tum eminentibus tantum inter armatos elephantis magnum terrorem praebebat.
This was the main strength of the king's forces, and it presented a great terror, both from its general appearance and particularly because the elephants stood out so high among the armed men.
§37.40.4ingentes ipsi erant; addebant speciem frontalia et cristae et tergo impositae turres turribusque superstantes praeter rectorem quaterni armati.
The beasts themselves were huge; their appearance was further enhanced by frontlets, crests, towers placed on their backs, and on the towers, besides the driver, four armed men standing.
§37.40.5ad latus dextrum phalangitarum mille et quingentos Gallograecorum pedites opposuit.
To the right side of the phalangitae he opposed one thousand five hundred Galatian infantry.
his tria milia equitum loricatorum — cataphractos ipsi appellant — adiunxit.
To these he joined three thousand mailed cavalry—they themselves call them cataphracts.
addita his ala mille ferme equitum; §37.40.6agema eam vocabant; Medi erant, lecti viri, et eiusdem regionis mixti multarum gentium equites.
To these was added a squadron of about one thousand cavalry; they called it the agema; they were Medes, chosen men, and a mixed body of cavalry of many nations from the same region.
§37.40.7continens his grex sedecim elephantorum est oppositus in subsidiis.
Adjacent to these, a herd of sixteen elephants was opposed in reserve.
ab eadem parte, §37.40.8paulum producto cornu, regia cohors erat; argyraspides a genere armorum appellabantur; Dahae deinde, equites sagittarii, mille et ducenti; tum levis armatura, trium milium, pari ferme numero, pars Cretenses, pars Tralles; duo milia et quingenti Mysi sagittarii his adiuncti erant.
On the same side, with the wing advanced a little, was the royal cohort; they were called Argyraspids from the kind of their arms; then the Dahae, horse-archers, one thousand two hundred; then the light infantry, of three thousand, of almost equal number, partly Cretans, partly Trallians; two thousand five hundred Mysian archers were joined to these.
§37.40.9extremum cornu claudebant quattuor milia, mixti Cyrtii funditores et Elymaei sagittarii.
Four thousand men, a mixture of Cyrtian slingers and Elymaean archers, closed the extremity of the wing.
§37.40.10ab laevo cornu phalangitis adiuncti erant Gallograeci pedites mille et quingenti et similiter his armati duo milia Cappadocum — ab Ariarathe missi erant regi —; §37.40.11inde auxiliares mixti omnium generum, duo milia septingenti, et tria milia cataphractorum equitum et mille alii equites, regia ala levioribus tegumentis suis equorumque, alio haud dissimili habitu; Syri plerique erant Phrygibus et Lydis immixti.
On the left wing, joined to the phalangitae, were one thousand five hundred Galatian infantry, and two thousand Cappadocians armed in a similar way—they had been sent to the king by Ariarathes; then mixed auxiliaries of all kinds, two thousand seven hundred, and three thousand cataphract cavalry, and one thousand other cavalry, the royal squadron, with lighter coverings for themselves and their horses, but otherwise in a not dissimilar dress; they were mostly Syrians mixed with Phrygians and Lydians.
§37.40.12ante hunc equitatum falcatae quadrigae et cameli, quos appellant dromadas.
In front of this cavalry were the scythed chariots and camels, which they call dromedaries.
his insidebant Arabes sagittarii, gladios tenuis habentes longos quaterna cubita, ut ex tanta altitudine contingere hostem possent.
On these rode Arabian archers, holding thin swords four cubits long, so that they could reach the enemy from such a height.
§37.40.13inde alia multitudo, par ei, quae in dextro cornu erat: primi Tarentini, deinde Gallograecorum equitum duo milia et quingenti, inde Neocretes mille et eodem armatu Cares et Cilices mille et quingenti et totidem Tralles et quattuor milia caetratorum: §37.40.14Pisidae erant et Pamphylii et Lycii; tum Cyrtiorum et Elymaeorum paria in dextro cornu locatis auxilia, et sedecim elephanti modico intervallo distantes.
Then another multitude, equal to that which was on the right wing: first the Tarentines, then two thousand five hundred Galatian cavalry, then one thousand Neocretans, and one thousand five hundred Carians and Cilicians in the same armor, and as many Trallians, and four thousand caetrati: they were Pisidians and Pamphylians and Lycians; then auxiliary forces of Cyrtians and Elymaeans equal to those stationed on the right wing, and sixteen elephants stationed at a moderate interval.