Humanitext Reader

Livy · History of Rome §33.37.1-33.37.12

Defeat of the Boii and Triumph of Marcellus

Passage 1155 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The other consul Purpurio enters the territory of the Boii, unites his forces with Marcellus, and wins a major victory over the plundering Boii. Marcellus returns to Rome and celebrates his triumph.

§33.37.1sub haec tam varia fortuna gesta L. Furius Purpurio alter consul per tribum Sapiniam in Boios venit. §33.37.2iam castro Mutilo adpropinquabat, cum veritus, ne intercluderetur simul a Bois Liguribusque, exercitum eadem via, qua adduxerat, reduxit et magno circuitu per aperta eoque tuta loca ad collegam pervenit. §33.37.3inde iunctis exercitibus primum Boiorum agrum usque ad Felsinam oppidum populantes peragraverunt. §33.37.4ea urbs ceteraque circa castella et Boi fere omnes praeter iuventutem, quae praedandi causa in armis erat — tunc in devias silvas recesserat —, in deditionem venerunt.
After these events, conducted with such varied fortune, the other consul, Lucius Furius Purpurio, came among the Boii through the Sapinian tribe. He was already approaching the fort of Mutilum, when, fearing lest he should be cut off at the same time by both the Boii and the Ligurians, he led his army back by the same road by which he had brought it, and by a great detour through open, and therefore safe, places reached his colleague. Then, having united their armies, they first traversed the territory of the Boii as far as the town of Felsina, ravaging it as they went. That city and the other forts around it, and almost all the Boii except the youth, who were in arms for the purpose of plundering — at that time they had retired into remote forests —, came into surrender.
in Ligures inde traductus exercitus. §33.37.5Boi neglegentius coactum agmen Romanorum, quia ipsi procul abesse viderentur, inproviso aggressuros se rati per occultos saltus secuti sunt. §33.37.6quos non adepti, Pado repente navibus traiecto Laevos Libuosque cum pervastassent, redeuntes inde per Ligurum extremos fines cum agresti praeda in agmen incident Romanum. §33.37.7proelium celerius acriusque commissum, quam si tempore locoque ad certamen destinato praeparatis animis concurrissent. §33.37.8ibi, quantam vim ad stimulandos animos ira haberet, apparuit; nam ita caedis magis quam victoriae avidi pugnarunt Romani, ut vix nuntium cladis hosti relinquerent.
After that, the army was marched against the Ligurians. The Boii, thinking that they would attack by surprise the column of the Romans, which was marching somewhat carelessly because they themselves seemed to be far away, followed them through secret forest passes. Not having overtaken them, and having suddenly crossed the Po by boats and thoroughly devastated the Laevi and the Libui, as they were returning thence through the extreme borders of the Ligurians with their rustic booty, they fell in with the Roman column. Battle was joined more quickly and fiercely than if they had clashed with prepared minds at a time and place appointed for the contest. There, it appeared how great a force anger has to stimulate men's minds; for the Romans fought so eager for slaughter rather than victory, that they scarcely left a messenger of the disaster to the enemy. On account of these achievements, when the letters of the consuls were brought to Rome, a thanksgiving for three days was decreed.
§33.37.9ob has res gestas consulum litteris Romam adlatis supplicatio in triduum decreta est. brevi post Marcellus consul Romam venit, triumphusque ei magno consensu patrum est decretus. §33.37.10triumphavit in magistratu de Insubribus Comensibusque; Boiorum triumphi spem collegae reliquit, quia ipsi proprie adversa pugna in ea gente evenerat, cum collega secunda. §33.37.11multa spolia hostium captivis carpentis travecta, multa militaria signa; aeris lata trecenta viginti milia, argenti bigati ducenta triginta quattuor milia. §33.37.12in pedites singulos dati octogeni aeris, triplex equiti centurionique.
Shortly after, the consul Marcellus came to Rome, and a triumph was decreed to him with the great consensus of the fathers. He celebrated his triumph while in office over the Insubres and the Comenses; he left the hope of a triumph over the Boii to his colleague, because an adverse battle had personally happened to himself among that nation, whereas a successful one had happened to his colleague. Many spoils of the enemy were carried in captured carriages, and many military standards; three hundred and twenty thousand asses of bronze were brought in, and two hundred and thirty-four thousand of silver denarii. To each of the infantry eighty asses of bronze were given, and three times that amount to each cavalryman and centurion.

Notes

  1. 33.37.2cum ... reduxit — This is a construction known as 'cum inversum' (inverted cum). The main clause sets the scene with an imperfect verb (adpropinquabat, 'was approaching'), while the cum clause introduces a sudden, main event with an indicative perfect verb (reduxit, 'led back').
  2. 33.37.5aggressuros se rati — An indirect statement introduced by 'rati' (perfect participle of 'reor', 'to think'). 'aggressuros' is a future infinitive with 'esse' omitted, and its subject is the accusative pronoun 'se', which refers back to the main subject 'Boi' (thinking that they themselves would attack).
  3. 33.37.6incident — Manuscripts show variants such as 'incident' (future) or 'incidunt' (present). It is to be understood here as a historical present ('incidunt') or a spelling variant of the perfect 'incidere' (inciderunt), representing a past event ('they fell in with').
  4. 33.37.7commissum, quam si — The auxiliary verb 'est' is omitted in 'commissum [est]'. The clause following 'quam si' ('than if') uses the pluperfect subjunctive 'concurrissent' to form a contrary-to-fact comparison: 'than [it would have been] if they had clashed at an appointed time and place with prepared minds.'

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §33.37.1-33.37.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:33.37.1-33.37.12

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.