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Livy · History of Rome §10.30.1-10.30.10

Mopping Up the Enemy and Fabius' Triumph

Passage 514 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The text describes Fulvius's success in Etruria and the defeat of the Samnites, followed by a discussion on the exaggerated numbers of the Battle of Sentinum. It concludes with Fabius's triumph, the commemoration of Decius, and rewards given to the soldiers.

§10.30.1et in Etruria per eosdem dies ab Cn. Fulvio propraetore res ex sententia gesta et praeter ingentem inlatam populationibus agrorum hosti cladem pugnatum etiam egregie est Perusinorumque §10.30.2et Clusinorum caesa amplius milia tria et signa militaria ad viginti capta. §10.30.3Samnitium agmen, cum per Paelignum agrum fugeret, circumventum a Paelignis est; ex milibus quinque ad mille caesi. §10.30.4magna eius diei, quo in Sentinati agro bellatum, fama est etiam vero stanti; §10.30.5sed superiecere quidam augendo fidem, qui in hostium exercitu peditum milia trecenta triginta, equitum sex et quadraginta milia, mille carpentorum scripsere fuisse, §10.30.6scilicet cum Umbris Tuscisque, quos et ipsos pugnae adfuisse; et ut Romanorum quoque augerent copias, L. Volumnium pro consule ducem consulibus exercitumque eius legionibus consulum adiciunt. §10.30.7in pluribus annalibus duorum ea consulum propria victoria est; Volumnius in Samnio interim res gerit Samnitiumque exercitum in Tifernum montem conpulsum, non deterritus iniquitate loci, fundit fugatque. §10.30.8Q. Fabius, Deciano exercitu relicto in Etruriae praesidio, suis legionibus deductis ad urbem de Gallis Etruscisque ac Samnitibus triumphavit. §10.30.9milites triumphantem secuti sunt.
And in Etruria during those same days, affairs were conducted successfully by the propraetor Gnaeus Fulvius, and in addition to the immense destruction inflicted on the enemy by the devastating of their fields, an outstanding battle was also fought. And of the Perusines and Clusines, more than three thousand were slain, and military standards up to twenty were captured. The column of the Samnites, while fleeing through the Paelignian territory, was surrounded by the Paelignians; of five thousand, about one thousand were slain. Great is the fame of that day on which the battle was fought in the Sentinate territory, even when keeping to the truth; but some have gone beyond this to increase credibility, who wrote that in the enemy's army there were three hundred and thirty thousand infantry, forty-six thousand cavalry, and a thousand chariots, doubtless with the Umbrians and Etruscans included, whom they wrote were themselves also present at the battle; and in order to increase the forces of the Romans as well, they add the proconsul Lucius Volumnius as a leader to the consuls, and his army to the legions of the consuls. In most annals, this victory belongs properly to the two consuls; Volumnius meanwhile conducts affairs in Samnium, and having forced the army of the Samnites onto Mount Tifernus, not deterred by the disadvantage of the place, routs and puts them to flight. Quintus Fabius, having left Decius's army to garrison Etruria, led his own legions back to the city and celebrated a triumph over the Gauls, Etruscans, and Samnites. The soldiers followed him as he triumphed.
celebrata inconditis militaribus carminibus non magis victoria Q. Fabi quam mors praeclara P. Deci est excitataque memoria parentis, aequata eventu publico privatoque filii laudibus. §10.30.10data ex praeda militibus aeris octogeni bini sagaque et tunicae, praemia illa tempestate militiae haudquaquam spernenda.
In rude military songs, not more the victory of Quintus Fabius than the illustrious death of Publius Decius was celebrated, and the memory of the father was revived, made equal by the public and private outcome to the praises of the son. From the booty, eighty-two asses of bronze each, cloaks, and tunics were given to the soldiers, rewards of military service by no means to be despised in those times.

Notes

  1. 10.30.4vero stanti — stanti is the ablative of the present participle stans, here used with the -i ending instead of -e. Together with vero (ablative of the neuter noun verum, meaning 'truth'), it forms an ablative absolute meaning 'even if the truth stands as it is' or 'even keeping to the truth'.
  2. 10.30.6quos et ipsos pugnae adfuisse — Although this is a relative clause introduced by quos, it uses the accusative and infinitive construction (quos ... adfuisse) because it is in indirect speech dependent on scripsere (they wrote) from the preceding sentence. et ipsos means 'and they themselves', emphasizing the relative pronoun.
  3. 10.30.9non magis victoria Q. Fabi quam mors praeclara P. Deci est — non magis ... quam literally means 'not more ... than', but in this context, it is understood as an equal comparison ('no less than' or 'as much as') or as emphasizing the latter. The main verb celebrata ... est applies to both victoria and mors.
  4. 10.30.9aequata eventu publico privatoque filii laudibus — The subject of aequata (est) is memoria parentis (the memory of the father) from the previous clause. laudibus is a dative (or ablative) indicating the thing to which it was made equal by aequata. It means that the memory of the father was made equal to the praises of the son by the public and private outcome (the state's victory and the family's dual sacrifice).

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §10.30.1-10.30.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:10.30.1-10.30.10

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