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Virgil · Aeneid §5.793-5.871

Neptune's Protection and the Fall of Palinurus

Passage 49 of 127 · Latin

Summary

Accepting Venus's entreaty, Neptune promises safety for the fleet and calms the waves. After setting sail, the helmsman Palinurus resists the god of Sleep but is overcome and cast into the sea, leaving Aeneas to mourn his friend deeply.

§5.793Per scelus ecce etiam Troianis matribus actis §5.794exussit foede puppes, et classe subegit §5.795amissa socios ignotae linquere terrae. §5.796Quod superest, oro, liceat dare tuta per undas §5.797vela tibi, liceat Laurentem attingere Thybrim: §5.798si concessa peto, si dant ea moenia Parcae. §5.799Tum Saturnius haec domitor maris edidit alti: §5.800Fas omne est, Cytherea, meis te fidere regnis, §5.801unde genus ducis: merui quoque; saepe furores §5.802compressi, et rabiem tantam caelique marisque. §5.803Nec minor in terris, Xanthum Simoëntaque testor, §5.804Aeneae mihi cura tui. Cum Troia Achilles §5.805exanimata sequens impingeret agmina muris, §5.806milia multa daret leto, gemerentque repleti §5.807amnes, nec reperire viam atque evolvere posset §5.808in mare se Xanthus, Pelidae tunc ego forti §5.809congressum Aenean nec dis nec viribus aequis §5.810nube cava rapui, cuperem cum vertere ab imo §5.811structa meis manibus periurae moenia Troiae. §5.812Nunc quoque mens eadem perstat mihi: pelle timores. §5.813Tutus, quos optas, portus accedet Averni. §5.814Unus erit tantum, amissum quem gurgite quaeres; §5.815unum pro multis dabitur caput. §5.816His ubi laeta deae permulsit pectora dictis, §5.817iungit equos auro genitor, spumantiaque addit §5.818frena feris, manibusque omnes effundit habenas. §5.819Caeruleo per summa levis volat aequora curru; §5.820subsidunt undae, tumidumque sub axe tonanti §5.821sternitur aequor aquis; fugiunt vasto aethere nimbi. §5.822Tum variae comitum facies, immania cete, §5.823et senior Glauci chorus, Inousque Palaemon, §5.824Tritonesque citi, Phorcique exercitus omnis; §5.825laeva tenent Thetis, et Melite, Panopeaque virgo, §5.826Nisaee, Spioque, Thaliaque, Cymodoceque. §5.827Hic patris Aeneae suspensam blanda vicissim §5.828gaudia pertemptant mentem: iubet ocius omnes §5.829attolli malos, intendi brachia velis. §5.830Una omnes fecere pedem pariterque sinistros, §5.831nunc dextros solvere sinus; una ardua torquent §5.832cornua detorquentque; ferunt sua flamina classem. §5.833Princeps ante omnes densum Palinurus agebat §5.834agmen; ad hunc alii cursum contendere iussi. §5.835Iamque fere mediam caeli Nox humida metam §5.836contigerat; placida laxabant membra quiete §5.837sub remis fusi per dura sedilia nautae: §5.838cum levis aetheriis delapsus Somnus ab astris §5.839aëra dimovit tenebrosum et dispulit umbras, §5.840te, Palinure, petens, tibi somnia tristia portans §5.841insonti; puppique deus consedit in alta, §5.842Phorbanti similis, funditque has ore loquelas: §5.843Iaside Palinure, ferunt ipsa aequora classem; §5.844aequatae spirant aurae; datur hora quieti. §5.845Pone caput, fessosque oculos furare labori: §5.846ipse ego paulisper pro te tua munera inibo. §5.847Cui vix attollens Palinurus lumina fatur: §5.848Mene salis placidi voltum fluctusque quietos §5.849ignorare iubes? Mene huic confidere monstro? §5.850Aenean credam quid enim fallacibus auris §5.851et caelo, totiens deceptus fraude sereni? §5.852Talia dicta dabat, clavumque affixus et haerens §5.853nusquam amittebat, oculosque sub astra tenebat. §5.854Ecce deus ramum Lethaeo rore madentem, §5.855vique soporatum Stygia, super utraque quassat §5.856tempora, cunctantique natantia lumina solvit. §5.857Vix primos inopina quies laxaverat artus, §5.858et super incumbens cum puppis parte revolsa, §5.859cumque gubernaclo, liquidas proiecit in undas §5.860praecipitem ac socios nequiquam saepe vocantem; §5.861ipse volans tenues se sustulit ales ad auras. §5.862Currit iter tutum non secius aequore classis, §5.863promissisque patris Neptuni interrita fertur. §5.864Iamque adeo scopulos Sirenum advecta subibat, §5.865difficiles quondam multorumque ossibus albos, §5.866tum rauca adsiduo longe sale saxa sonabant: §5.867cum pater amisso fluitantem errare magistro §5.868sensit, et ipse ratem nocturnis rexit in undis, §5.869multa gemens, casuque animum concussus amici §5.870O nimium caelo et pelago confise sereno, §5.871nudus in ignota, Palinure, iacebis harena!
"Look, she even drove the Trojan mothers through wickedness foully burn the ships, and because of the lost fleet forced companions to be left behind in an unknown land. for what remains, I pray, let them spread safe sails over the waves you, let them reach Laurentine Tiber: I ask what is permitted, if the Fates give them those walls." the Saturnian ruler of the deep sea uttered these words:"It is entirely right, Cytherea, for you to trust in my realms, which you derive your origin; I have also deserved it; often have I repressed rages and such great madness of both sky and sea. has my care for your Aeneas been less on land, I call Xanthus and Simois to witness, Achilles, pursuing the breathless bands, dashed them against the walls of Troy, many thousands to death, and the filled rivers groaned, could the Xanthus find a way and roll itself out the sea, then I snatched Aeneas in a hollow cloud from the brave son of Peleus, he was matched against him with neither gods nor strength equal, I desired to overturn from its foundation walls of perjured Troy built by my hands. also the same mind persists in me: drive away your fears. he shall reach the harbor of Avernus which you desire. will be only one whom you will seek, lost in the gulf; life shall be given for many." he had soothed the glad breast of the goddess with these words, father yokes his horses with gold, and adds foaming bits the wild beasts, and lets out all the reins with his hands. he flies in his azure chariot over the surface of the waters; waves subside, and the swollen sea is smoothed under the thundering axle its waters; the clouds flee from the vast sky. various forms of his companions appear, huge sea-monsters, the aged choir of Glaucus, and Palaemon son of Ino, swift Tritons, and all the army of Phorcus; holds the left, and Melite, and the virgin Panopea,, and Spio, and Thalia, and Cymodoce. flattering joys in turn thrill the suspended mind father Aeneas: he commands all the masts to be raised more quickly, the yards to be stretched with sails. all made fast the sheet, and together they let out the left, now the right folds; together they turn turn back the high yard-arms; their own winds carry the fleet. front of all, Palinurus as leader led the dense line; others were ordered to direct their course to him. now damp Night had almost reached the midpoint of heaven; sailors, stretched on the hard benches under the oars, relaxing their limbs in peaceful rest: light Sleep, gliding down from the ethereal stars, the dark air and dispersed the shadows, you, Palinurus, bringing sad dreams to you, one; and the god sat on the high stern, Phorbas, and pours forth these words from his mouth:"Palinurus, son of Iasus, the seas themselves carry the fleet; winds breathe steadily; the hour is given to rest. down your head, and steal your weary eyes from labor: myself will perform your duties for you for a little while." whom Palinurus, scarcely raising his eyes, speaks:"Do you bid me be ignorant of the face of the calm sea and the quiet waves? you bid me trust this monster? why should I entrust Aeneas to the deceitful winds the sky, having been deceived so many times by the fraud of a calm?" words he gave, and clinging fast and holding would never let go of the rudder, and kept his eyes on the stars., the god shakes over both his temples a branch dripping with Lethaean dew, drugged with Stygian power, dissolves his swimming eyes, despite his resistance. had unexpected sleep relaxed his first limbs,, leaning over, he cast him headlong into the clear waters, a torn-away part of the stern and with the rudder, his companions in vain many times; god himself, flying as a winged creature, raised himself into the thin air. fleet runs its safe journey over the sea no less, is carried on, unafraid by the promises of father Neptune. now indeed, carried on, it was approaching the rocks of the Sirens, of old, and white with the bones of many men, the hoarse rocks roared far off with the constant salt spray: the father felt that the floating ship was wandering, its master lost, he himself guided the bark in the nightly waters, much, and shaken in his mind by the misfortune of his friend:"O you who trusted too much in the calm sky and sea, on an unknown shore you will lie, Palinurus!"

Notes

  1. 5.793Troianis matribus actis — Ablative absolute, expressing means or cause: "with the Trojan mothers having been driven (by Juno's rage)".
  2. 5.796Quod superest — Idiomatic formula with the neuter relative pronoun: "As for what remains," referring to the remaining part of Aeneas's fleet.
  3. 5.809congressum Aenean — `congressum` is the perfect participle of the deponent verb `congredior`, modifying the accusative `Aenean` ("Aeneas when he engaged [Achilles]").
  4. 5.830fecere pedem — A nautical idiom. `facere pedem` means to work the sheet (the rope attached to the lower corner of a sail) to catch the wind.
  5. 5.845furare — Second-person singular imperative of the deponent verb `furor` (to steal). `labori` is a dative of separation ("steal from labor").
  6. 5.850Aenean credam — `credam` is a deliberative subjunctive ("Am I to entrust... ?"). `Aenean` is the Greek accusative form of `Aeneas`.

Cite this passage

Virgil, Aeneid §5.793-5.871. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.humanitext-lat2:5.793-5.871

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