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Virgil · Aeneid §12.480-12.559

Escalating Slaughter and the Decision to Attack the City

Passage 122 of 127 · Latin

Summary

Aeneas pursues Turnus but is frustrated by Juturna's maneuvers with the chariot. As a brutal slaughter ensues on both sides, Venus inspires Aeneas to direct his forces toward the undefended Latin city.

§12.480nec conferre manum patitur, volat avia longe.
She does not allow them to join hands, and flies far away through pathless ways.
§12.481Haud minus Aeneas tortos legit obvius orbes §12.482vestigatque virum et disiecta per agmina magna §12.483voce vocat.
No less does Aeneas trace the winding circles to meet him, and tracks the man, and through the scattered great columns calls him with a loud voice.
Quotiens oculos coniecit in hostem §12.484alipedumque fugam cursu temptavit equorum, §12.485aversos totiens currus Iuturna retorsit.
As often as he cast his eyes upon the enemy and tried to match the flight of the wing-footed horses by running, so many times did Juturna turn the retreating chariot back.
§12.486Heu quid agat? Vario nequiquam fluctuat aestu, §12.487diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae.
Alas, what should he do? In vain he fluctuates with a varied tide, and conflicting cares call his mind in opposite directions.
§12.488Huic Messapus, uti laeva duo forte gerebat §12.489lenta levis cursu praefixa hastilia ferro, §12.490horum unum certo contorquens dirigit ictu.
Against him Messapus, as by chance he carried in his left hand two light, flexible spears tipped with steel, brandishing one of these, directs it with a sure blow.
§12.491Substitit Aeneas et se collegit in arma, §12.492poplite subsidens; apicem tamen incita summum §12.493hasta tulit summasque excussit vertice cristas.
Aeneas stopped and gathered himself behind his shield, sinking down on his knee; yet the swift spear carried off the topmost peak of his helmet and struck the highest crests from his head.
§12.494Tum vero adsurgunt irae; insidiisque subactus, §12.495diversos ubi sensit equos currumque referri, §12.496multa Iovem et laesi testatus foederis aras §12.497iam tandem invadit medios et Marte secundo §12.498terribilis saevam nullo discrimine caedem §12.499suscitat irarumque omnis effundit habenas.
Then indeed his wrath rises; and compelled by treachery, when he felt that the horses and chariot were turned away and driven back, calling Jupiter and the altars of the broken treaty to witness many times, now at last he invades the midst, and with favoring Mars, terrible, he arouses a savage slaughter with no distinction, and lets loose all the reins of his anger.
§12.500Quis mihi nunc tot acerba deus, quis carmine caedes §12.501diversas obitumque ducum, quos aequore toto §12.502inque vicem nunc Turnus agit, nunc Troius heros,
Who now can unfold for me in song so many bitter things, who the various slaughters and the death of leaders, whom over the whole plain now Turnus, now the Trojan hero, drives in turn?
§12.503expediat? Tanton placuit concurrere motu, §12.504Iuppiter, aeterna gentis in pace futuras?
Did it please you, Jupiter, that peoples who would live in eternal peace should clash in so great a commotion?
§12.505Aeneas Rutulum Sucronem, ea prima ruentis §12.506pugna loco statuit Teucros, haud multa morantem §12.507excipit in latus et, qua fata celerrima, crudum §12.508transadigit costas et cratis pectoris ensem.
Aeneas, catching the Rutulian Sucro (this combat first stayed the rushing Trojans in their place), delaying him not much, receives him in the side, and where fate is swiftest, drives the cruel sword through his ribs and the framework of his chest.
§12.509Turnus equo deiectum Amycum fratremque Dioren, §12.510congressus pedes, hunc venientem cuspide longa, §12.511hunc mucrone ferit curruque abscisa duorum §12.512suspendit capita et rorantia sanguine portat.
Turnus, having unhorsed Amycus and his brother Diores, meeting them on foot, strikes the former as he came with a long spear, the latter with his sword-point, and having cut off the heads of both, hangs them from his chariot and carries them dripping with blood.
§12.513Ille Talon Tanaimque neci fortemque Cethegum, §12.514tris uno congressu, et maestum mittit Oniten, §12.515nomen Echionium matrisque genus Peridiae, §12.516hic fratres Lycia missos et Apollinis agris §12.517et iuvenem exosum nequiquam bella Menoeten, §12.518Arcada, piscosae cui circum flumina Lernae §12.519ars fuerat pauperque domus nec nota potentum §12.520munera conductaque pater tellure serebat.
The former sends Talon and Tanais to death, and brave Cethegus, three in one encounter, and sad Onites, an Echionian name, and the offspring of his mother Peridia; the latter sends the brothers sent from Lycia and Apollo's fields, and Menoetes, a youth who in vain hated wars, an Arcadian, whose trade had been around the waters of fish-abundant Lerna, and his home was poor, nor were the gifts of the powerful known to him, and his father sowed in hired land.
§12.521Ac velut immissi diversis partibus ignes §12.522arentem in silvam et virgulta sonantia lauro, §12.523aut ubi decursu rapido de montibus altis §12.524dant sonitum spumosi amnes et in aequora currunt §12.525quisque suum populatus iter: non segnius ambo §12.526Aeneas Turnusque ruunt per proelia; nunc nunc §12.527fluctuat ira intus, rumpuntur nescia vinci §12.528pectora, nunc totis in volnera viribus itur.
And just as fires let loose from opposite directions into a dry forest and thickets rustling with laurel, or when in rapid descent from high mountains foaming rivers give a sound and run into the plains, each laying waste its own path: no less swiftly do both Aeneas and Turnus rush through battle; now, now anger surges within, their hearts that know not how to be conquered are torn, now they advance to inflict wounds with all their strength.
§12.529Murranum hic, atavos et avorum antiqua sonantem §12.530nomina per regesque actum genus omne Latinos, §12.531praecipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi §12.532excutit effunditque solo: hunc lora et iuga subter §12.533provolvere rotae, crebro super ungula pulsu §12.534incita nec domini memorum proculcat equorum.
Here the former, with a crag and the whirl of a huge stone, knocks down Murranus, who was boasting of his ancestors and the ancient names of his grandfathers, and his whole lineage traced back through Latin kings, and flings him to the ground; under the reins and yokes the wheels rolled him forward, and with many a beat the swift hoofs of horses unmindful of their master trample him.
§12.535Ille ruenti Hyllo animisque immane frementi §12.536occurrit telumque aurata ad tempora torquet: §12.537olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro.
The latter meets Hyllus as he rushed and raged monstrously in spirit, and hurls his weapon at his gold-adorned temples: the spear stood fixed in his brain through the helmet.
§12.538Dextera nec tua te, Graium fortissime Cretheu §12.539eripuit Turno. Nec di texere Cupencum §12.540Aenea veniente sui: dedit obvia ferro §12.541pectora, nec misero clipei mora profuit aerei.
Nor did your right hand save you, Cretheus, bravest of Greeks, from Turnus; nor did his own gods protect Cupencus when Aeneas came: he offered his chest to meet the steel, nor did the resistance of his bronze shield profit the wretched man.
§12.542Te quoque Laurentes viderunt, Aeole, campi §12.543oppetere et late terram consternere tergo.
You too, Aeolus, the Laurentian plains saw fall and cover the earth far and wide with your back.
§12.544Occidis, Argivae quem non potuere phalanges §12.545sternere nec Priami regnorum eversor Achilles; §12.546hic tibi mortis erant metae: domus alta sub Ida, §12.547Lyrnesi domus alta, solo Laurente sepulchrum.
You fall, whom the Argive phalanxes could not lay low, nor Achilles, the destroyer of Priam's kingdoms; here was the goal of your death: you had a lofty home under Ida, a lofty home at Lyrnesus, but a grave in Laurentian soil.
§12.548Totae adeo conversae acies, omnesque Latini, §12.549omnes Dardanidae, Mnestheus acerque Serestus §12.550et Messapus equum domitor et fortis Asilas §12.551Tuscorumque phalanx Evandrique Arcades alae, §12.552pro se quisque viri summa nituntur opum vi: §12.553nec mora nec requies, vasto certamine tendunt.
So all the lines were turned, both all the Latins and all the Trojans: Mnestheus and brave Serestus, and Messapus, tamer of horses, and brave Asilas, and the phalanx of the Tuscans, and Evander's Arcadian squadrons, each man for himself strives with the utmost force of his strength; there is no delay, no rest, they strain in a vast conflict.
§12.554Hic mentem Aeneae genetrix pulcherrima misit, §12.555iret ut ad muros urbique adverteret agmen §12.556ocius et subita turbaret clade Latinos.
Here his most beautiful mother sent into the mind of Aeneas that he should go to the walls and turn his column to the city more quickly, and throw the Latins into confusion by a sudden disaster.
§12.557Ille ut vestigans diversa per agmina Turnum §12.558huc atque huc acies circumtulit, aspicit urbem §12.559immunem tanti belli atque impune quietam.
As he, tracking Turnus through the various columns, turned his eyes this way and that, he beholds the city free from so great a war and quietly unpunished.

Notes

  1. 12.486Heu quid agat? — The present subjunctive `agat` is a deliberative subjunctive used in the context of the historical present, reflecting Aeneas's urgent internal state as he ponders what he should do.
  2. 12.508transadigit costas et cratis pectoris ensem — `transadigit` forms a double accusative construction. `ensem` (sword) is the direct object, while `costas et cratis pectoris` (ribs and the framework of the chest) are accusatives governed by the prepositional force of `trans-`.
  3. 12.528itur — This is the third-person singular passive of the intransitive verb `ire`, forming an impersonal passive construction meaning "they go" or "they advance" with all their strength.
  4. 12.555iret ut — The clause with the conjunction `ut` acts either as an appositional noun clause explaining the content of `mentem` (thought) or as an adverbial clause of purpose dependent on `misit`, using the imperfect subjunctive `iret` by sequence of tenses.

Cite this passage

Virgil, Aeneid §12.480-12.559. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.humanitext-lat2:12.480-12.559

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